Many of us would certainly like to have a pond in our summer cottage. A small pond can not only create a favorable microclimate near the house, but also complement the landscape design. In addition, it can also become an additional source of income.
To do this, you need to get fish in the pond. This is not an easy task, but a doable one. To do this, you need to have certain knowledge and, of course, desire. First you need to decide on the parameters and the future view of your reservoir in the country. He can be in the form of any geometric figure or include more complex elements. But in fact, the main thing here is the size. An unacceptable option is a reservoir with a depth of one meter. This is explained by the fact that the deeper and larger the pond, the faster the fish will breed. It also makes it easier to take care of them. The universal size of the reservoir is approximately 25-50 m2.
Pond arrangements
After completing the preparatory stage, we proceed to the arrangement of our pond. To do this, you need to be guided by certain rules and advice from experienced fish breeders. If a number of conditions are met, a guarantee of success will be provided and the breeding process itself will be simplified. So, you need to properly equip the bottom of the reservoir. For this it is necessary to choose the right soil, take into account the fact that shallow water must alternate with deep water in a certain way. The pond itself should be placed in the right way.
Instructions for creating a reservoir
A reservoir, if it involves breeding fish, must be organized in an open area. If possible, it is worth arranging the fish pond in such a way that during the daytime one side of it is illuminated, while the other remains in the shade. Water should be located away from trees and shrubs. The reason is that the roots of trees, sprouting under water, will begin to rot and these processes will cause a negative impact on the development of the fish and on its weight gain.
From an aesthetic point of view, fallen leaves from nearby trees will spoil the appearance of the fish pond. When choosing a territory for a reservoir, it is worth considering whether it is possible to conduct electricity. This is a very important point, since in winter it will be necessary to arrange aeration.
Types of reservoirs
Once you have decided where your “aquarium” will be located, taking into account the above recommendations, you can move on to the question of how the reservoir will look like. All reservoirs can be conditionally divided into several subspecies. Let's consider them in more detail:
- Ponds with a concrete base.
- Plastic reservoir.
- Pond without cladding.
Reservoirs with a concrete base require a lot of effort, money and time. But, in turn, the result will be fully justified, the pond will stand for a long time. A plastic pond is more suitable for growing ornamental fish, this is due to the small size of the pond. For arranging a reservoir PVC film needed. It has many different shapes and sizes. But, the disadvantage is the limited period of operation (about 10 years).
A pond without lining requires paying attention to the level of groundwater in your area. If it is high enough, then this option is unconditionally suitable. In this option, you just need to lay a layer of clay on the bottom and walls and turf on top of them. The most popular version of the reservoir at their summer cottage is concrete.
Stage-by-stage equipment of a concrete pond for fish
At the place where the reservoir will be located, it is necessary to mark its outlines, for this use stakes with a cord. Now you can start extracting the soil. You have already decided on the depth (do not forget to take into account the thickness of the concrete!), The sides must be made at a slight slope (the angle should be approximately 20 degrees). Next, the bottom should be well tamped.
It is worth paying attention to its density, if it is too soft, then it is required to strengthen it with gravel. After that, it is necessary to tamp again, and add a layer of sand on top. Let's move on to pouring concrete. The proportion for the concrete mix should be 1 part cement to 3 parts aggregate. Wooden bars are installed at the bottom, and a reinforcing mesh is already attached to them (with a wire diameter of 3-4 mm). Before pouring the bottom with concrete, it is necessary to lay pipes for the drain holes and water inflow. When the concrete hardens, we proceed to create the formwork for the walls of the reservoir.
Ordinary boards are quite suitable for its manufacture. It is recommended to lay layers of concrete mix 10 cm each and compact well. With this method the pond will be strong enough and will last a long time. After about 2-2.5 weeks, the formwork should be dismantled, the walls must be plastered (concrete mix in a ratio of 1 to 3 is also suitable for this). The layer of plaster should be approximately 2-3 cm.
The use of a waterproofing additive as an additive to the mixture will extend the life of the reservoir. Experts recommend not to neglect this advice.
Arrangement of a film reservoir
Before proceeding to the arrangement of a film reservoir, you need to choose the right place. It must be protected from sun exposure. Since processes occur in constantly heated water that lead to swamping and overgrowing with mud. But this does not mean that the pond should be in constant shade. Thus, the place should be lit by the sun before 11 am, this is the best option.
At noon, the sun's rays are especially dangerous for the microclimate of the pond. As already mentioned, there should not be trees nearby. The distance to the tree should be equal to the height of its trunk, no less. The principle of construction is almost the same as for a concrete reservoir. After the place is found, we proceed to markup using a cord with pegs. Digging a hole for a pond. You can do it yourself in a couple of days. Before proceeding with the formation of the bottom, you need to consider a few recommendations.
Unlike a concrete reservoir, the angle of inclination should not be more than 30 degrees, otherwise over time soil displacement may occur, which subsequently causes the collapse of the structure.
To build a relief, experts recommend using a stepwise method. Its essence lies in the fact that the shallow part must be made no deeper than 40 cm, and the deep one - 110-150 cm. The climate should be taken into account. If it is cold, then the pond must be deep (so that the fish can successfully overwinter), and vice versa. After that, we start cleaning the bottom. It is necessary to remove all foreign debris and objects (roots, stones).
The walls and bottom of the future reservoir can be covered with a clay layer (not thicker than 30 cm), this is necessary in order to form additional waterproofing. The film is not the most reliable material, as it is prone to damage. In this case, the clay will prevent the rapid outflow of water. over the clay layer it is recommended to make a layer of sand 10–20 cm thick.
This is not the final stage of making a do-it-yourself fish pond. It remains to lay a layer of geotextile, on top of it a layer of geomembrane and, finally, another layer of geotextile. Do not worry, nothing threatens the fish, the materials are completely environmentally friendly. These actions will help to keep the film on the one hand from damage by sharp objects and roots, on the other - from the effects of water.
If it becomes necessary to connect some parts of the film into a single whole, use a special welding machine or a simple building hair dryer. An important detail is the film overlay. It needs to be made and fixed. A sand castle can act as a fixative and decor element.
Breeding fish in a pond
Water quality is the main source of success in a business like fish farming. It does not matter where: in a country pond or in an aquarium. The growth of fish and its development depends on the indicator of the oxygen content dissolved in water. Oxygen is consumed, among other things, due to decay processes. To prevent them the pond should be cleaned regularly from objects capable of causing these processes.
In addition, it is necessary to provide a reservoir with an aerator. They are sold in specialized stores and differ in power. Consult a consultant to select the right device for your pond. The second important factor is an indicator of the level of mineral substances (potassium salts, iron, phosphorus and nitrogen compounds, and others).
The acidity of the water should also be taken into account. It is directly related to what kind of fish will be in your pond, but the neutral level is suitable for most fish.
Launching fish into a pond
After the reservoir is prepared, you can start launching the fish. Don't be in a hurry. First you need to plant live plants with your own hands to the bottom of the pond. They are involved in the process of oxygen production. And the water with which you filled the pond should stand for at least a month. This is necessary in order to form a certain microclimate in the water. A silt layer forms on the walls and the plants take root.
However, the water will have to be drained and poured fresh. After that, only gradually you can start the fish (for a start, 3-5 individuals). You need to do this in the spring, at a water temperature of approximately 25 degrees.
What kind of fish is suitable for breeding in a country pond?
The following fish are suitable for breeding in a suburban pond:
- Zander.
- Perch.
- Ruffs and gobies.
Pike perch in one year can reach up to 30 cm in length. However, pike perch is very gluttonous and its cultivation requires about 250-300 young fish of another species. Perches are very unpretentious, easy to grow and feed, as a rule, only during the day.
If you are going to breed catfish, you should take into account the fact that the reservoir will need to be filled with small fish, which catfish eats, namely: stickleback, bleak and others. Ruffs and gobies are great for breeding in a country pond. All the fish species described above are capable of surviving and reproducing in a small pond. But most often, carp and crucian carp are chosen for artificial small ponds.
They are universal in all criteria:
- not voracious;
- growing quite fast.
Microclimate and decor
As already mentioned, creating a reservoir with your own hands requires the presence of a certain microclimate that contributes to the favorable breeding of fish. That is why in the fresh water that you poured instead of settled, in no case should you immediately let the fish in. In order to speed up the process of creating microflora, experts recommend add a few buckets of water from a natural pond to fresh water, you can also put a little withered grass on the bottom.
Be mindful of the acidity level. It should be approximately 7-8 ph. Unfavorable for fish is ph acidity - 5 ph. To increase the acidity, it is necessary to dilute a portion of a solution of limestone or soda in water. The level of acidity must be constantly monitored. In this case, this must be done in various places of the pond. Ensure the correct temperature. Water temperature should not be very different from the street, otherwise the fish may die from temperature shock on the first day after being launched into the water.
Pay close attention to feeding your fish. Tench and carp are some of the simplest fish in this matter. These fish are omnivores.
Once you have figured out how to make a fish pond with your own hands, you can also think about breeding fish as a business idea or an additional source of income.
Better than your own pond in the country can only be your own stocked pond in the country! Fishing at any convenient time and in any weather, caught fattened and ecological fish - what could be better for an avid fisherman?
The correct dimensions of the fish pond
Of course, first of all, you may need a home pond for breeding fish. Therefore, you first need to decide on its location. The best option would be a low, semi-shaded place. It is not worth planting trees specially, their roots can deform the reservoir, and the leaves, having attacked and started to rot, will ruin it in the end.
Now about the dimensions. A depth of at least one meter is required, but ideally it all depends on the species of fish that are planned to be bred in it. Smaller is better. but deeper than the wide and shallow version, the second will absorb too much oxygen, and in fact it is necessary for fish to breathe.
In winter, to provide fish with oxygen, it will be convenient to freeze a bundle of straw right in it, through its hollow tubes oxygen will perfectly reach the depths of the pond. Small holes drilled in the ice will also enrich the water with oxygen.
Also, take into account not only the size of the fish, but also their number, so that they do not become crowded in a small pond, because one fish 10 cm long needs 50 liters of water. A large amount of food, some of which is likely to remain uneaten, can contribute to water spoilage.
In a deep reservoir, it is easier for fish to winter without fear of freezing through. BUT! On hot summer days, the layers of water will warm up unevenly, which will slow down the reproduction of microorganisms that are also needed as food for fish. Consider also the clean area of the water surface without vegetation, and the way the water is filtered.
Popular fish breeds for an artificial reservoir
Here it is also worth talking about what kind of fish is best to breed in a small pond. Carp and crucian carp are the most popular for breeding in artificial ponds. Further behind them are tench, goldfish and cold water trout.
Carp will not be cramped at all in small reservoirs, oddly enough, he gets fat even better there. In a small space, you don’t walk around much, but they feed regularly and well. This contributes to active weight gain. This is an unpretentious and omnivorous fish, especially it is satisfied with the sun with slightly alkaline water. Then it will grow rapidly and mature to sexual maturity by the fourth year of life.
So, for carp, you need a reservoir from one and a half meters deep, four meters long, and six meters wide. No more than twenty individuals per cube of water. Then an excellent biting of fat carps will be provided to you!
Now about carp. For them, just grace is stagnant water with an abundance of different vegetation. The size of a favorable pond for them is the same as for carp, so they will be easy to keep in the same pond. In this case, do not forget to take care of holes in the ice in winter to supply oxygen to so many fish.
But tench carp can not stand. And in a shallow pond it will fight with carps for food. Although they are also unpretentious and omnivorous breed.
Goldfish, despite the noble name, are actually unpretentious both in terms of food and living conditions. From just one pair of these individuals, the pond will be populated by many goldfish very, very quickly. Imagine a pond teeming with shiny goldfish. You just run out of desires, but you won't run out of fish!
Japanese koi carps turn out to be just as shiny, and it will not be possible to predict the color of the offspring by parents. Another greedy breed. Therefore, spacious and deep reservoirs are respected, the muddy bottom of which can be searched for a long time, looking for food. By the way, they also eat small fish.
So, we take up the construction of the pond
Here we are talking about how to breed fish in a home pond. But first it is worth building the pond itself. After you have decided on the desired dimensions, we proceed to dig the pit. Its bottom must be properly tamped. Then it is advisable to cement it and close it with plastic wrap on top. With proper care, it will last for several years. If this is an expensive option for your wallet, then just cover the bottom of the future pond with a film. Also, as a budget option, consider leaving a lot of unusable tires glued together at the bottom.
If funds allow you, you can buy special coconut or synthetic mats. Algae grow very quickly on their surface and the coastal edge will become reliably masked.
Now that the pit is completed and processed, you can fill it with water. And not immediately to the brim, but first by one third, and better than well or spring water. And the film with such a gradual filling will have time to level off. At the bottom we pour a layer of river sand, where we plant various algae. And now we add water to the end.
In conclusion, we are engaged in landscaping the coast. We add cattail, reeds and willow to the pond landscape. If the reservoir was also planned for breeding crayfish, then it is simply necessary to have stones, broken pots and so on as shelters for them at its bottom.
The microclimate of your pond
So the water is full. But you can’t immediately launch fish there in any case! First you need to let it settle and warm up. You can pour a bucket of water from a natural reservoir to populate the microflora.
A neutral environment with an acidity level of 7 - 8 ph is considered the best conditions. If the acidity drops to 5, then it is urgent to acidify the water with soda or limestone. Therefore, do not forget about measuring acidity in different places of the pond, because it depends on the rate of interaction of substances with the sun.
And before releasing fish into the pond, it is necessary to balance the temperatures in the pond and in the tank where the fish were kept all the time in order to exclude temperature shock for them, which even adults cannot endure.
The best fish food
You were able to learn about what kind of fish to breed in a pond in the country. Now it is worth figuring out what kind of food to use in order for your fish to eat and grow well in the pond. For carp and tench, the question is unprincipled, they will gratefully absorb everything that the owner has given them. Usually they are fed simple compound feed for birds or pigs. If it is presented as a powder, then it will be necessary to mix it with pond water until a porridge is formed.
The rest of the fish respect the mixture of cereals and legumes. It must be scalded before feeding for better swelling. Well, no fish will ever deny itself the pleasure of eating earthworms or some kind of insects. In terms of quantity, the feed may exceed the mass of the fish, but not more than 6 percent.
Usually the fish are fed twice a day, always in the same place. The best place for this is a shallow place where you can put a tray of treats directly into the water and then remove it. This will eliminate the presence of possible food residues in the water, which will quickly spoil the water.
Summing up
Now you know how to breed fish in a dug pond. Who's to say that fish can't be trained? Try feeding them in the same place at the same time and see what happens! And if you also accustom them to the sound of a bell before feeding, then your fish will become like obedient students going to a lesson with a bell.
Such a pond can be used not only for your pleasure, but also as a source of income. After all, you can not only sell surplus farmed fish, but also rent out a fishing pond on an hourly basis. Or maybe you can come up with something else!
It can be used not only for decorative purposes, but also for breeding fish. In a small artificial pond with a depth of 2 m, you can keep more than 200 individuals of carp or crucian carp. You can also populate crayfish in the reservoir.
Moisture resistant coating
If you do not strengthen the walls of the pond, then over time the water will wash away the ground. To prevent landslides and water leakage, the inner surface of the pond is covered with a plastic film that does not allow water to pass through. For a pond 2 m deep, 3.5 m wide and 8 m long, about 50 m 2 of polyethylene film will be needed.
Three cuts of a double sleeve of film 15 m long and 3 m wide must be soldered to obtain the required size of a moisture-resistant coating. Soldering is carried out using a soldering iron for polypropylene pipes, heated to a temperature of 260 ° C, and the rules. A strip of paper is placed under the hot soldering iron. After soldering, two even seams 1 cm wide should be obtained.
Lay the film, soldered in a double layer, in the pit. Over time, the top layer of the coating will become unusable. Double coat will last longer.
A fence can be made around the perimeter so that the animals do not fall into the pit until it is filled with water. In addition, the fence will serve as protection against thieves, and its supports are perfect for installing lighting.
Lighting installation and security
Metal poles 2.5 m high are installed around the entire perimeter of the pond at a distance of 2.5 m - 3 m from each other. Then they are covered with netting. Inside the fence, it is necessary to install an electrical panel with a socket for the aerator and a knife switch.
Two are installed on one of the pillars. One of them should be directed to the pond, and the second - in the opposite direction. You can install a light sensor on the lamps so that they automatically turn on in the evening or on cloudy days.
The aerator and lamps will be powered from a common electrical network with a residential building. To avoid electric shock, a separate RCD of high sensitivity is installed in the house. If the wire breaks, the pump or aerator breaks down, the protective device will stop the electricity supply.
Arrangement and filling of the pond
In order to breed fish, you need to create all the conditions for its comfortable life:
- fill the polyethylene coating at the bottom of the pond with clay and sand;
- make a wintering hole for fish;
- install artificial burrows and masonry;
- lay logs, stones on the bottom, plant algae in the pond, that is, create conditions close to natural.
Logs need to be weighted with weights so that they do not float when the pond is filled with water. The place for luggage is a wooden canopy with several artificial burrows made of plastic pipes or bottles.
The canopy can be raised above the surface of the water and a ladder attached to it. Then you can swim in the pond.
At this stage, you can fill the pond with water by two thirds and put a few fish into it. As a rule, 20% of the maximum number of individuals are populated first. In the pond, designed for 250 individuals, you can put 50 small fish. It is desirable that these be three different types.
Strengthening the shore of the pond and planting algae
For planting plants in a pond, a planter filled with clay and sand is used. Such pots are lowered to a depth of 20-50 cm and fixed with a wire.
When fixing the pots, do not pierce the polyethylene coating. For fasteners, a nylon mesh is used, under which a stainless steel wire is passed.
Higher algae and marsh plants are planted in an artificial pond, such as:
- golden algae;
- cryptophytes;
- calamus marsh.
After the plants are planted, the shore of the pond is strengthened with oak stumps. They are nailed to a nylon mesh. This will further protect the pond from landslides and also provide overflow protection. For aesthetics, the shore can be leveled by pouring sand and clay into the level with the stumps.
Fish food
The fish will grow slowly if you do not choose the right food base for it. Make a fish feeder and refill it regularly. Steamed wheat, millet or barley can be used as feed. As a treat, fish are given earthworms, bloodworms or wheat malt.
Water filtration
To filter water, an inclined tank is made next to the pond, filled with rubble and covered with a fine mesh, for example, an old curtain. This is a bioplato. Water must be supplied to the filter tank and back to the pond through a hose passing through the mesh.
Preparing for winter and liming the pond
The pond needs to be prepared for winter. In order to provide oxygen access for fish, reeds are placed in the water. This plant will not allow the water to freeze, and a natural hole is formed.
In winter, the fish hibernates and does not move. Because of this, it is susceptible to attack by pests. To prevent diseases in the fall, liming the pond is carried out. 6 kg of lime are added to 50 m 3 of water.
Having a pond in the country in which colorful fish swim is a dream of many. But for it to come true, you need to make a little effort.
Consider a few points that will help you properly "start up" the reservoir on the site and make your dream come true.
What reservoirs are suitable for breeding fish
In order for the fish to feel good in the pond, you need to consider a few points:
- the location of the pond;
- its dimensions;
- the presence of plants;
- wintering conditions for fish.
According to all the canons and rules, the pond should be located in the lowest place on your site. Its depth should be at least 1 m, but the width and length depend on personal preferences and capabilities.
Remember that a cramped pond is not suitable for a large flock of fish, it will quickly become contaminated from uneaten food residues. For one fish up to 10 cm long, about 50 liters of water will be needed. Based on these data, you can accurately calculate the maximum number of individuals in the pond. In addition, they are mandatory in the reservoir. This is necessary so that the fish can get enough oxygen.
If you leave the fish in the pond for the winter, then it is necessary to provide a wintering hole with a depth of 1.5 to 2 m. You will also need to constantly provide the inhabitants of the pond with oxygen, making holes in the ice or freezing a bunch of reeds into the ice, which will become a kind of air conduit.
Decorative fish for the pond
For a country pond, river and rainbow trout will do. Such a fish will become a real decoration of your pond. It feeds on small waterfowl inhabitants, as well as various feed mixtures. Care does not require much effort. However, under artificial conditions it does not multiply.
gold fish. This species is an ideal choice for a country pond. As in a home aquarium, and in open decorative reservoirs, this fish feels great and, importantly, does not cause much trouble to its owner. Goldfish are unpretentious in food, and for reproduction does not require certain conditions. Her external qualities are beyond praise.
Decorative japanese koi carp. The aesthetic beauty of this fish, which will definitely become an adornment of your country pond, cannot be underestimated. The variety of colors of koi scales is delightful. However, in order to create acceptable conditions for its maintenance, you will have to work hard.
Koi eat a lot, prefer space and depth. This is a fairly aggressive species that can eat smaller fish. Koi eat mixed foods in large quantities, which is why they are rapidly gaining weight. However, these fish have an undeniable advantage - they quickly get used to people and eventually cease to be afraid of them.
And minnow. These fish are chosen by those who like to watch how small beautiful fish actively move around the pond in flocks. Able to ennoble the pond with its silvery color and make it more attractive.
The downside to breeding minnows is that they need a lot of oxygen. In view of this, their maintenance will require either installing special equipment or planting a pond.
Fish for catching
The most unpretentious fish for breeding in a country pond are considered carp and crucian carp. They almost instantly adapt to standing water and are quite easy to care for. In addition, carp and crucian carp feel great in shallow water bodies, they quickly gain weight, because they spend less effort and energy searching for food.
Carp loves light and sun very much. This fish is practically omnivorous and can be kept in slightly alkaline water. The crucian carp feeds on various vegetation and perfectly tolerates wintering in a pond with an ice hole (it is needed for a regular supply of oxygen).
An unpretentious fish that leads a sedentary lifestyle and can exist for a long time in water bodies with a low oxygen content. In addition, she does not need a deep pond. It also feels fine in a pond up to 1 m deep. However, when breeding tench, you need to remember that this fish gains weight much faster if it has a spacious water surface area. It grows quickly and under favorable conditions develops well and actively gains weight. Can get along with all types of fish, except crucian.
Ideal for a large pond. Due to its increased activity, it constantly attracts attention. These 10-cm fish are undemanding to care for, so they are great for summer cottages. The only negative is that they are very fond of feasting on aquatic plants. Consider this fact when choosing a bleak.
How many fish should be in the pond?
The most important rule when breeding fish in a country pond is to prevent overpopulation. A small reservoir, for example, can accommodate no more than two dozen crucian carp. The average number of fish is calculated as follows: for 1 cubic meter of water - from 10 to 20 palm-sized fish.
Creating a microclimate for fish and settling
Before you let the fish into the pond, you need to create suitable conditions for them. Even if your ornamental pond is fully equipped and ready for the release of fish, take your time. The water in it should settle and warm up.
So that the fish do not experience a temperature shock, they are settled in the pond gradually. First, a container with fish is lowered into the water and kept in it for at least two hours, until the temperature of the water in the pond and the container becomes the same. Only then can the fish be released.
The acidity of the water should be within 7-8 units. At lower values, water is considered acidic. And if the pH level is above 8, then the water contains a lot of alkali. The pH level should be measured regularly, as its values may vary depending on precipitation or exposure to direct ultraviolet rays.
You can measure the acidity level of water using litmus papers or drip testers.
If the acidity level in the reservoir is below normal, it can be increased with the help of slaked lime, baking soda (3-8 g per 100 liters of water), as well as special preparations. In the case when the level of alkali exceeds normal levels, it is necessary to add peat tablets or bags to the water - this will help soften it.
If you lower a bunch of withered grass into the water, then in just a couple of days a reservoir of clean water will turn into a living pond into which you can launch fish.
Fish should be launched into the reservoir when the water in it warms up to 13-15˚С, but at the same time they need to be fed more often.
A couple of buckets of water from a "living reservoir" will also help speed up the process of "revitalizing" the water.
How and what to feed the fish
When launching fish into a garden pond (it doesn’t matter if they are decorative or intended for fishing), think in advance how and what you will feed them. Indeed, in an artificial reservoir, they are unlikely to be able to find their own food on their own.
Since the majority of fish are omnivorous, compound feed intended for domestic animals is perfect for them. Stir dry food in water until a thick dough forms and dip into a pond. Grains of legumes and cereals can also be used as feed. In order to feed the inhabitants of the pond enough, it is necessary to prepare enough food so that its finished mass is 3-5% of the total mass of fish.
You need to feed the fish 1-2 times at the same time a day in the same place. For convenience, you can equip a special table-tray, which is easy to lower into the water.
To ensure that as many fish as possible gather during feeding, they can be taught to a certain call sign, which will notify that the food is already in place and ready to eat. So, some breeders use a bell or whistle to warn the fish about the next meal. Someone is tapping a stone on a stone at the edge of the pond. But no one bothers you to come up with your own signal, understandable only to you and your pets.
Fish swimming in the pond is an amazing and unique sight. If you want your pond to be not only a design element but also part of your hobby, get down to business and start creating it immediately.
What business idea to opt for? Let's try to find an answer to this question. Many of us do not think about how food gets to our dinner table. We are not interested in where and how they were grown or produced, the main thing is the end result. We want to always consume fresh and high-quality products. Live fish has always been and will be in great demand among the population.
It's no secret that many men love to sit with a fishing rod by the pond, relax, fish, and making this hobby their business is a dream for many that can come true if you set a specific goal.
Fish business from scratch
It is possible to make fish farming a business, but before making a final decision, you need to study all the subtleties and pitfalls of this business.
Russia is a great country in which fisheries are highly developed. To be honest, several decades ago our fish farms were among the best in the world. Unfortunately, many of them went bankrupt unable to withstand the competition of foreign companies. Those that still continue to exist are unable to provide the population of the country with the growing needs for live fish. Therefore, fish farming can be a good solution to the issue of supplying your region with these products.
The ideas of growing fish in artificially created reservoirs are not new, but they do not lose their relevance even today.
There are several directions in modern fish farming:
Artificial fish pond
Choosing a suitable site
The site where you can make a fish pond can be located not only in small settlements or outside them, but also in a big city on your own plot of land (if any). If it is not possible to dig a pond or pool, you can make a container from sheet iron.
A reservoir for breeding and raising fish should be suitable for this purpose. The depth of the pond must be at least 150 cm. Its bottom should be free of impurities of peat or silt. Vegetation must be present in the reservoir, but within reasonable limits.
The business will be economically profitable only if the reservoir, in all respects, is suitable not only for keeping fish, but also for its cultivation, selection of caviar and incubation of young animals.
Arranging a fish pond
When creating a pond for breeding fish, you should not focus on its sophistication and decor items. Do not forget that its main goal is to create comfortable conditions for keeping fish.
Consideration should be given to the following when constructing fish ponds: rules and guidelines:
- small ponds will require serious maintenance, and large ponds will cost you a lot. Based on this, it follows that the optimal dimensions are within 30 - 50 square meters. meters;
- one of the sections of the pond should be in the shade. In addition, it is worth knowing that in order for the pond not to be flooded during spring floods, it should not be located in low areas;
- bottom topography is complex, with alternating shallow water with deep water areas, with rapids and ledges of various sizes;
- For breeding different types of fish, a variety of soil is required.
For example, let's take a farm that plans to breed carp. Expenditure part of the business plan:
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