On the ultrasound monitor this week, the mother and the diagnostician will be able to see the baby, who is actively moving, he still has enough space even to make coups over his head and somersaults.

On the ultrasound, you can listen and see how strong and rhythmically the crumbs beat heartily. At this time, it is already possible to determine the sex of the baby with great accuracy.

An erroneous option for diagnosing gender during this period is unlikely, since the genitals are formed and clearly visible, and the baby, who is not yet cramped, does not hide them, as happens in the later stages in the third trimester.

In addition to the size of the fetus, the doctor will take an interest in the state of the placenta, which is already fully formed and performs the entire scope of functions for nourishing and protecting the baby. With the help of ultrasonic waves, its thickness will be measured, the location will be assessed.

Decoding and norm

First of all, the diagnostician will tell you how many babies are growing under the heart of a woman - one, two or three, and will also assess the viability of each of them. Vitality is determined by the presence of a heartbeat and physical activity.

The doctor will also tell you what position the child is in in relation to the exit from the uterus - in the head, pelvic or transverse. You should not worry about the "wrong" location of the baby. The child will change its position many times before the end of the gestation period.

The main dimensions that are calculated on ultrasound are fetometric indicators. These include the dimensions of the head - transverse, which is also called biparental, and longitudinal - fronto-grinding. The doctor also measures the circumference of the head, abdomen and the length of paired bones.

All these indicators are considered important signs of the normal development of the baby, as well as compliance with his gestational age.

Table of norms of fetometry at 18-19 weeks:

In the ultrasound protocol, the doctor also describes the anatomical features of the child. At this time, all internal organs, their presence and proportions are clearly visible.

The structures of the brain, the baby's heart, his stomach, kidneys, lungs, liver, gallbladder, and intestines are subject to careful study. The term already allows you to see malformations, if any. If there are no gross violations, the doctor writes that the internal organs are normal and no signs of developmental pathologies were found.

The thickness of the placenta this week is normally 20-21 mm. It should be at zero maturity with no signs of overgrowth or thickening. Threats of interruption may be indicated by an increased tone of the muscles of the uterine walls, as well as a shortening of the cervix and loose closure of the cervical canal.

Possible problems

The list of possible problems and questions that expectant mothers may have at week 19 is quite wide. We have tried to answer the most common ones.

The parameters of the baby are behind the norm

You should not worry and be nervous if the sizes according to fetometry deviate by no more than two weeks. The reason may lie in late ovulation. Usually, in this state of affairs, a slight lag behind the average size was also noticeable during the first ultrasound in the first trimester.

Sometimes the cause of deviations in size may be intrauterine growth retardation. The woman will definitely be shown to undergo additional diagnostics.

You should not consider each parameter separately, this is the key mistake of all expectant mothers.

19 obstetric week of pregnancy is a period after which a woman's body changes dramatically. The age of the fetus at this time is 17 weeks. This is the time of the so-called hormonal storms that can break and destroy everything that has been created with love and patience over a long period.

The size of the abdomen visually increases, the buttocks and chest become larger. A woman already feels light fetal movements, if there are no movements at the 19th week of pregnancy, you should visit a doctor to diagnose the condition.

What happens at 19 weeks pregnant?

As a result of the growth of the uterus, a woman's posture and gait change. Her body requires a lot of water, so the expectant mother needs to drink up to two liters per day. Lack of fluid can lead to a significant increase in body temperature, which can adversely affect the development of the child.

The fetus at the 19th week of pregnancy is actively growing, its muscles and bones have become stronger, so it can already turn its head 180 degrees and raise its arms above its head. The skin of the child becomes not so transparent, numerous blood vessels are no longer visible through it. But it still remains very wrinkled due to the abundance of skin folds.

The child is quite a lot - up to 20 hours - is in a state of sleep. The rest of the time he is awake, and the woman can feel the active movements of the embryo. Most of them occur in the evening, and the activation of movements can also be seen with external noise.

The 19th week of pregnancy is accompanied by an increase in the production of melanin, which can lead to the appearance of new age spots. This causes further darkening of the nipples and areolas, armpits, vulva, navel to pubic line, and spots on the chest, face, and abdomen.

19th week of pregnancy - changes in a woman's body

The uterus increases even more in size, as not only the fetus grows, but the volume of the mother's abdomen and the volume of amniotic fluid also increase. Its mass is already more than 300 g, and the height of the bottom is 19-20 cm. It can be felt at a distance of one finger below the navel.

The weight of a woman increases by this time by 3.5-6 kg, depending on individual characteristics. It includes the mass of the fetus (200 g), placenta (180 g), amniotic fluid (350 ml), uterus (350 g), as well as increased volumes of blood, lymph fluid, subcutaneous fat and mammary glands.

The increasing size of the fetus at the 19th week of pregnancy and the size of the abdomen causes an increased load on the legs and spinal column, which leads to a change in posture. The lower back arches more forward, and the pelvic bones diverge, which is necessary for bearing the fetus and the upcoming birth. When severe pain occurs, a supporting bandage is prescribed.

Feelings in the nineteenth week

The 19th week of pregnancy is characterized by interesting sensations associated with weak, gentle and light movements of the baby. As the fetus grows, their strength will increase and the number will decrease.

A baby at 19 weeks pregnant is often awake. During the period of physical activity, there are up to 8-10 movements per hour. But the expectant mother will be able to feel them at such a time only in a calm and relaxed state.

A woman may experience weakness, severe dizziness, fatigue, and discomfort in the abdomen for a period of 19 weeks. Such sensations are due to an increase in blood volume and a decrease in hemoglobin. Other symptoms of iron deficiency are difficulty breathing and rapid heartbeat.

DISCHARGE FROM THE REGENITAL TRACT

The 19th obstetric week of pregnancy is accompanied by an increase in vaginal discharge, while they may become more fluid. But changes in consistency, color and smell should not be. Milky, transparent and yellowish discharges are a variant of the norm and should not worry the expectant mother - the fetus will develop normally, in the absence of deviations.

Discharges with an admixture of blood, pus and the appearance of flakes are a reason to consult a gynecologist, as they may indicate infections and inflammatory processes of the external genital organs. Bloody discharge that appears after a doctor's examination may indicate various gynecological diseases and cervical erosion.

ultrasound

The nineteenth week ultrasound scan is performed as part of the second screening examination. The doctor evaluates:

• growth and size of the fetus in the 19th obstetric week of pregnancy;
• heart rate;
• motor activity;
• condition of the placenta;
• dimensions of the nasal bone and collar space;
• the amount of amniotic fluid;
• development of internal organs and brain structure.

After the 19th obstetric week of pregnancy, a child can already be diagnosed with a pathology such as hydrocephalus of the brain, which is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in it. In the presence of a large volume, it presses on the surrounding tissues and departments, which interferes with their growth and proper development. The modern level of development of medicine makes it possible to cure this pathology even before the baby is born.

What happens to the fetus at 19 weeks of gestation?

The fetus grows even more compared to the previous period. Its height is 13-15 cm, and its weight reaches 200 g. It is similar in size to a potato. His body takes on the proportions with which he will be born. The length of the thigh at this time is about 3 cm, and the distance from the knee to the foot is from 2.5 to 3.1 cm.

The child continues to actively accumulate special brown fat, which is localized mainly in the neck and shoulder blades. At the same time, the child's sebaceous glands produce a special lubricant that protects his very thin skin from drying out, the action of opportunistic microorganisms and mechanical damage.

The fetus at 19 weeks drinks a lot of fluid per day and at the same time urinates into the amniotic fluid about 2.5 ml every hour. The amniotic fluid is regularly updated thanks to the work of the placenta and is excreted from the body with the help of the kidneys of the expectant mother, which during pregnancy have the maximum load.

The brain of the child is improved, the closest connection between the central nervous system and muscle fibers is strengthened, due to which the coordination of movements improves, they become less chaotic. Throughout pregnancy, new neurons are constantly being produced in the brain.

The respiratory system improves - bronchi with branches, bronchioles and lungs are formed. They will actively grow until the birth itself. This is what allows the child to take his first breath after birth. Babies who are born prematurely may experience breathing problems due to the underdevelopment of the lungs.

POSSIBLE PROBLEMS

The main problems in the nineteenth week of pregnancy include:

Frozen pregnancy at the nineteenth week, when there is no movement of the baby, is very rare, it usually happens in the first trimester. Symptoms of this condition may be the absence of movements, the discrepancy between the size of the uterus, and other changes.

To prevent miscarriage or premature birth at this stage of pregnancy, it is necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle, listen to what is happening in the stomach, observe moderate physical activity, refuse to take medications, and also limit visits to public places.

WHAT TO PAY ATTENTION TO?

During sleep and rest, you should not lie on your stomach, as this can lead to compression of the uterus and discomfort to the fetus. It is better to sleep on the left or right side, and for support of the stomach and more comfort under the knees, stomach and hands, you can put a special pillow or a folded blanket. This position will ensure normal blood supply and evenly distribute the load on the spine. Today, special pillows have been developed for pregnant women that look like a huge banana. This posture helps to redistribute the load and provides better relaxation of the body.

With the growth of the abdomen, the woman's posture changes, the bones of the pelvis diverge, the lower back arches forward. This often causes severe back pain. The condition can be alleviated with the help of a back support bandage and special exercises. Also in this case, it is recommended to consult with a manual therapist.

Nutrition must be balanced. When compiling a diet, it is important to pay attention to foods with a high content of iron, calcium and proteins. The basis should be cereals, soups, fresh vegetables and fruits, beef and poultry, which will prevent digestive upset and constipation.

From the second trimester, it is useful to go to special classes for pregnant women, which prepare the expectant mother for the upcoming birth. In the classroom, specialists provide useful information and teach breathing techniques that can significantly reduce the pain of childbirth.

In the absence of contraindications, sex is not prohibited, but for convenience it is important to choose the right positions. At the same time, during intimacy, pain and discomfort should not occur.

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Feelings in the nineteenth week of pregnancy

There are no significant changes in the well-being of a woman at the 19th week of pregnancy.

Pain in the lower back, hips, buttocks may become somewhat stronger than before. After all, the uterus continues to grow and squeezes the nerves located behind it more strongly. The weight also continues to increase.

Primiparous women who have not previously felt the movements of the fetus can feel how it pushes inside.

What happens in the nineteenth week of pregnancy

The fetus at the 19th week of pregnancy holds its head straight and begins to turn it to the sides until 1800. The arms have grown so much that the baby can already connect his hands above his head. His skin becomes pink (it used to be red), as the vessels almost do not shine through the formed subcutaneous fat layer. But it remains wrinkled due to the abundance of skin folds.

In the fetal brain, special areas are formed that will be responsible for smell, taste, hearing, sight and touch.

This week, the thyroid gland, parathyroid and sex glands begin to produce hormones (in girls - the ovaries, and in boys - the testicles).

The spleen begins to function in the fetus. It is involved in hematopoiesis along with the bone marrow. The spleen produces lymphocytes and monocytes, which protect the body from foreign substances.

Photos and ultrasound at 19 weeks pregnant

Medical examination of a pregnant woman

Doctors:

• A consultation with an obstetrician-gynecologist is necessary if a pregnant woman has any complaints.

Analyzes:

• The "triple test", if it is not done at 16-18 weeks, must be taken now.

Possible deviations from the norm

• cystitis;
• pyelonephritis;
• placenta previa (complete, partial), low location of the placenta.

1. Choose a school for expectant mothers, where they will help you gain knowledge about pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, tell you how to care for a newborn and feed him. You will be taught how to breathe properly during childbirth, take special positions, and massage yourself. These skills will help reduce pain during contractions.
2. Start wearing maternity clothes. Its cut will allow your tummy not to feel discomfort from being squeezed by tight trousers or skirts.

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19 weeks pregnant - fetal size

Every day, the tummy of a pregnant woman grows, and accordingly, the fetus grows, which will soon be born. Every day does not pass in vain - arms, legs grow, organs develop, nails, teeth and hair appear. It is customary to consider the "growing up" of the baby in weeks. So, mothers, week after week, live in anticipation, controlling development with the help of ultrasound and all kinds of tests.

Embryo at 19 weeks

Let's find out together what a 19 week embryo can do, what it has formed, what size and weight the fetus is at 19 weeks. As a rule, in the second trimester, at 14-26 weeks, it is recommended to undergo an ultrasound of the fetus. An ultrasound at the 19th week of pregnancy shows that the location of the fetus is not fixed, as it often changes its position, and this is quite well felt by the woman.

19 weeks pregnant - fetal size

The size of the baby at 19 weeks continues to increase. Here are the average values ​​​​of fetometry (size) of the fetus at 19 weeks with ultrasound in the norm:

• biparietal size (BDP 19 weeks) is 41-49 mm;
• fronto-occipital size (LZ) is 53-63 mm;
• the circumference of the fetal head (OG) is 142-174 mm;
• fetal abdominal circumference (OJ) is 114-154 mm.

At 19 weeks of gestation, the average weight of the fetus is 250 g, the coccyx-parietal size is about 15 cm.

What fetus is at 19 weeks?

At this age, the fetus has already formed the time of sleep and wakefulness, and they coincide with the regimen of the newborn - 18 hours of sleep are replaced by 6 hours of wakefulness. His jaws are formed, the rudiments of milk and permanent teeth appear. On ultrasound, you can see how the child sticks out his tongue and opens his mouth. By this time, the child is already confidently raising his head and can turn it around. The fingers on the hands actively grab the legs, the umbilical cord - this is how the child gets to know his habitat. The limbs of the fetus are normally proportional, at this time the proportions between the length of the leg and thigh are formed

belly size at 19 weeks pregnant

At 19-20 weeks, the bottom of the uterus is located two transverse fingers below the navel. It continues to grow and rise higher, the weight of the uterus at week 19 is about 320 g. It can be felt at a level of 1.3 cm below the navel. At this time, the tummy has already noticeably grown; it can be seen with the naked eye, even if the pregnant woman is in clothes. The size of the abdomen at week 19 is very actively increasing, by almost 5 cm per week.

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19 weeks pregnant

Feel

Your condition

your child

your tummy

Analyzes and examinations

Possible complaints and problems

dangers

Term

^ 19 weeks pregnant corresponds to 17 weeks of your baby's life. This is the edge before the equator, the countdown will begin soon.

Feel

^ By this point, you have most likely already felt the first movements of your baby. If this has not happened yet, you should not worry, you may have to wait a little longer.

This period is the time when you start to feel very plump, but this is only the beginning. You could add 3-6 kg in the first months, but by the end of the term you will gain another 10-11 kg. Now your forms are rapidly changing, you feel how your buttocks and chest are getting fat, and your tummy has almost reached the navel and is now clearly visible. The hair became thick and shiny, and the skin is very sensitive. You should not sunbathe now, it will end with age spots, and you should not experiment with new cosmetics, an allergic reaction is quite possible. There may be a feeling of itching of the skin on the abdomen. Attention, this is the threat of stretch marks! Stretch marks are easier to prevent than to treat later. Therefore, urgently to the pharmacy for special skin care products, skin massage and moisturizers are now better than laser resurfacing and other manipulations after childbirth.

In general, all the sensations by this time can be described in one phrase - "I feel very pregnant." However, your whole life and even sex should not have changed much. You still have to go to work, fulfill all your obligations and endure normal workloads, like all colleagues in the shop.

Your condition

^ It's time for the inconvenience associated with a growing tummy. Now you will definitely not be able to lie on it, moreover, difficulties will arise when sitting. It is recommended to sleep on the left side. For more comfort, you can put a pillow under the knee and thigh of the upper leg, half-bent at all joints. Now you can buy special pillows for expectant mothers, which will come in handy after childbirth, as they make it easier to choose a position for feeding a baby.

This period may be marked by the appearance of rather strong, sharp dull pains in the side on the right or left (usually on the right) with an unsuccessful movement. They appear due to stretching of the uterine ligaments, and are not dangerous. However, they mean only one thing - you need a prenatal bandage. It will also help prevent stretch marks.

You may be concerned about the increase in whites. Now the discharge is so abundant due to the fact that you have a very rapid renewal of the epithelium in the vagina and a high level of hormones.

Sweating, soreness and bleeding of the gums may disturb, caries can become a problem (visit the dentist as planned).

Complaints of dizziness and headaches are frequent, unstable, more often still low blood pressure may disturb.

Yours should have increased by at least 3.5 kg, and someone managed to gain all 6 kg. This largely depends on the severity of weight loss at the beginning due to early toxicosis. In any case, nutrition is now of great importance, because if you do not eat right, you risk gaining excess weight, while at the same time not providing the child with the necessary nutrients.

your child

^ Now the baby weighs about 300 grams and has a height of about 25 cm. His skin is still wrinkled, but not so thin and red. Natural folds are protected by a cheese-like lubricant, brown fat began to be deposited between the shoulder blades and on the tummy - the most valuable source of energy in the first days after childbirth.

The baby has become more proportionate, although he is still quite thin, his skin is covered with lanugo - a thin fluff, the remnants of which in many children can be seen on the shoulders and back after birth. Lanugo's are designed to hold in place the cheesy lubricant that covers the baby's body.

The child's nervous system is developing rapidly. This week he can already hear perfectly, and his eyes are starting to open slightly. At this time, babies have amazing facial expressions, they have all the emotional reactions - children smile, frown and frown.

The movements of the crumbs are coordinated: he can suck his fingers, swallows amniotic fluid and even hiccups.

The kidneys of the child are included in the work, and actively excrete urine. The development of the fetus has reached the stage when almost all of its organs are not only formed, but also begin to work. The glands of internal secretion are functioning, the intestines are working, the immune system has begun to function.

The structure of the lungs is becoming more complex, and very soon they will complete all stages of formation. The fetus still has no chance of survival if suddenly born, and is very vulnerable. Harmful effects lead to the development of pathology of the central nervous system, you need to take care of yourself.

your tummy

^ You may begin to experience discomfort due to the fact that the uterus makes it somewhat difficult for other organs to work. For example, your breathing is rearranged, you breathe due to the movements of the chest, and not the diaphragm (the so-called upper breathing), and the chest is forced to become wider. There is no shortness of breath yet, but very soon it will appear when the uterus rises even more.

The abdomen is already clearly rounded, the height of the fundus of the uterus is only a couple of centimeters below the navel. True, during the first pregnancy there may be a small belly, because the abdominal muscles are strong, but the anterior abdominal wall stretched by previous births is the reason for a more noticeable tummy during repeated births. You probably already feel the movements of the fetus, while these shocks are still weak, but very soon their sweetness will increase.

Analyzes and examinations

^ The terms of the second screening are coming to an end, when a second ultrasound and various tests are needed. If you did not have time to pass a triple test, biochemical screening of the second trimester before this time - hurry up.

An ultrasound in the fifth month is an amazing event, because now you can definitely find out the sex of the child. Just right now, the baby is placed on the screen entirely. Expectant mothers and fathers have a unique opportunity to see their unborn child in full growth.

The development of the child at this time is individual, therefore it is impossible to name the exact weight and height of the baby. On average now, children weigh between 270 and 350 grams.

Possible complaints and problems

^ If your lower back hurts, it's not scary. The problem can be solved with the help of a fitball and wearing a prenatal bandage. It is much worse if edema appears, changes in urine tests (a lot of leukocytes in gestational pyelonephritis or protein in late gestosis of pregnant women).

dangers

^ The threat of termination of pregnancy still exists. A missed pregnancy at this time is accompanied by bleeding and pain in the abdomen. Therefore, if the stomach hurts and pulls, any unusual discharge, temperature, unmotivated weakness, dizziness appear - be sure to consult a gynecologist.

Now a cold is not the only reason for an increase in body temperature. The cause of this disease can also be pyelonephritis, which occurs in many women during these periods due to the fact that the uterus compresses the ureters, disrupting the outflow of urine. For prevention, it is useful to periodically take a knee-elbow position (this improves the outflow of urine) and monitor how often you visit the toilet. Stagnation of urine is the main cause of this complication.

Twins

^ Now twins feel like a double burden. Your tummy rises above the navel, and delivers a fair amount of discomfort.

Pay special attention to skin care, do not neglect wearing a prenatal bandage, as there is a high risk of stretch marks. Increased risk of anemia and other complications.

Are there any deviations from the norm on the triple test? This is normal, there are two kids, and this is the only reason. Do not worry, the gynecologist at the reception will explain everything to you. The level of human chorionic gonadotropin is increased in all women bearing twins.

Video

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• Uterus
• Stomach
• Feelings (movements)
• Allocations
• Frozen pregnancy
• Analyzes
• Food

19 weeks pregnant - how many months?

Your fifth month of pregnancy continues. Four and a half is already over, and now you are entering the third week of the fifth month - the nineteenth. How is your baby?

Fetus

The fetus at the 19th week of pregnancy makes a big leap in its development. Now his brain is actively growing and developing, millions of neurons take their places, establishing a connection with each other. Now the “actions” of the baby will be more meaningful, so to speak. That is, there will be coordination of movements, they are no longer as chaotic as before.

Other children's organs do not slow down in development. The lungs, bronchioles, and bronchi form the respiratory system, which will be perfected right up to the birth itself. At week 19, the bronchial tree begins to take shape.

The baby's sebaceous glands are actively working: they produce a white-gray substance that covers the baby's body, accumulating in the skin folds. This original lubricant will remain until birth: it will protect the fetus from the effects of amniotic fluid and pathogenic microorganisms, since it has a bactericidal property.

The skin of the little one also continues to be covered with lanugo fluff. These hairs are visible even on the baby's face, which sometimes persists right up to the birth itself. Don't worry, they will disappear later, so the baby won't be fluffy all the time.

At the 19th week of pregnancy, the baby already confidently raises its head and can turn it around. The neck is already strong enough and rotates 180 degrees. The size of the crumbs continues to increase: it already weighs an average of 250 g, the coccyx-parietal size is more than 15 cm.

Uterus

The uterus does not lag behind the fetus and continues to grow. At week 19, she weighs 320 g, continues to increase in size and rise higher. You can feel the uterus at 1.3 cm below the navel.

The growth of the uterus leads not only to an increase in the tummy, but also to the appearance of various pains. However, these sensations are not dangerous.

Pain at 19 weeks pregnant

We are talking about pain in the abdomen associated with the tension of the muscles that hold the uterus. These muscles are constantly becoming thicker and stronger, but with sudden movements, a woman can feel their tension. In addition, by the end of the 19th week and beyond, you will begin to feel the pressure of the uterus on the navel - from the inside. This is a very unpleasant and even annoying sensation, but when the uterus overcomes this segment of the path, it will disappear, be patient.

The growing weight and size of the uterus puts pressure on the pelvis and lower back, where pain can also occur. In addition, the bones begin to diverge very slowly, expanding the birth canal through which the child will advance. These processes are also associated with pain in the bones (particularly in the hips).

Pain in the legs and back is the result of prolonged standing or sitting in an uncomfortable position. If you have a sedentary job, then try to walk at least 1-2 times per hour. Also, do not sit on chairs and couches without a back, do not cross your legs, do not wear high heels.

Stomach

Abdominal pain may indicate the possibility of termination of pregnancy. If they are pronounced, are cramping in nature, if the lower abdomen really hurts and pulls hard, and if these pains are accompanied by spotting, then you need to tell the doctor about it.

The belly at the 19th week of pregnancy should have grown noticeably. Most likely, you can no longer sleep on your stomach, and you don’t need to: in this position, the uterus is compressed, and this is undesirable and unpleasant. It is also not recommended to sleep on your back so that the uterus does not compress the vena cava with its weight, blocking the access of blood and oxygen to the fetus.

Sensations (movement) at 19 weeks pregnant

The female body begins to gradually prepare for the upcoming birth and breastfeeding. Colostrum can sometimes be secreted from the mammary glands. Nothing special should be done, just wipe the nipples with a clean soft cloth.

At the 19th week of pregnancy, the level of hemoglobin in the blood may be lowered due to an increase in its volume. In this regard, the woman feels weakness, fatigue, dizziness. Meanwhile, the pulse may increase, breathing difficulties appear: deep breaths and exhalations are sometimes difficult. At such moments, try to breathe shallowly, like a dog.

In the second trimester, sweating increases and urination becomes more frequent - all these are physiological processes that do not require treatment. But the appearance of stretch marks, although quite natural, is very undesirable. Be sure to carry out the prevention of stretch marks.

Listen to your tummy. If by week 19 you have not yet felt the movements of the fetus, then you may feel the first movements right now. If you have already got to know your baby better, then still wait for new shocks. Over time, they will become more frequent and active.

Allocations

This period is also characterized by an increase in vaginal discharge. They become liquid and plentiful, but do not change their color and smell. Any other discharge is considered pathological and requires an appointment with a gynecologist. These include yellow, green, gray, red, brown, cheesy, heterogeneous, foamy, pungent-smelling discharge. They are a sign of infectious diseases that require special treatment. During pregnancy, thrush most often becomes inflamed, which must certainly be cured before childbirth.

Sex

The second trimester is time for yourself. If you were planning a trip, travel or visits to loved ones, then this is the best time to make them. Only poor health and threats of abortion, in which such activity is contraindicated, can interfere. Otherwise, continue to walk and move a lot, attend pregnancy fitness, have sex with your beloved husband. Intimacy will benefit the whole family! You should not deny yourself this pleasure, especially now, in one of the calmest weeks in the entire period of pregnancy.

Frozen pregnancy

And yet, always listen to your body. Do not disregard the slightest ailments, suspicious symptoms and changes. Unfortunately, it happens that in some women the fetus freezes in utero. Most often this occurs in the first trimester and ends in spontaneous abortion. However, miscarriage does not always occur, and a woman can walk with a dead fetus for several weeks - this is very dangerous.

A doctor can identify a non-developing pregnancy at the next examination or during an ultrasound scan: the size of the uterus does not correspond to the expected period, there are no heartbeats and movements of the child. However, a frozen pregnancy at 19 weeks is rare. However, you should not neglect planned visits to the doctor.

Tests at 19 weeks pregnant

In order to control the condition of the fetus and the course of pregnancy, the doctor regularly prescribes a number of tests for his ward and sends them for examinations. At the 19th week of pregnancy, it is worth checking the level of hemoglobin in the blood, blood sugar, urine for protein.

If necessary, a woman may also be offered to take an analysis for hormones, in particular for progesterone, the level of which increases during pregnancy for its preservation and successful development.

If by this time you have not yet passed the screening of the second trimester (but plan to do it), then you need to hurry - it is most informative before the 20th week of pregnancy.

The second screening, or triple test, is a biochemical blood test for hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) and free (unconjugated) estriol. This test allows you to determine the level of certain markers in the blood of a pregnant woman, and based on these studies, as well as additional data (weight and age of the expectant mother, number of fetuses, etc.), classify her as a group of increased or reduced risk of developing chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus (in particular , Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome and neural tube defect). All indicators can and should be evaluated only as a whole! Individually, they have no diagnostic value.

ultrasound

In addition to biochemical blood tests, the second screening also includes an ultrasound scan, which will definitely look at the thickness of the collar zone of the fetus and the nasal bone. The uzist should assess the child's heartbeat, his physical activity, diagnose the absence of pathologies incompatible with life, examine the uterine myometrium, the size of the uterus and fetus, and the condition of the amniotic fluid. At the request of the parents (and, of course, the child himself), the sex of the baby can be determined. You may be lucky and you will find the cub playing: by this time, surprisingly, the fetus has already developed a regimen similar to that of a newborn (he sleeps 18 hours a day, and is awake the rest of the time).

Food

In order for the baby to develop as best as possible, you must eat properly and fully. The diet should be balanced with a predominance of protein foods. Eat lean boiled beef, nuts, legumes (if there are no gas problems).

It is better to cook dishes in ways that exclude frying and the use of a large amount of fat. Also exclude or at least limit spicy, smoked, artificial foods, keep salty, sweet and starchy foods under control.

Be sure to include in your diet foods rich in iron and calcium: dried apricots, figs, persimmons, blueberries, tomato juice, buckwheat and oatmeal, beef and rabbit meat, tongue, eggs, cheese, green vegetables and fruits, leafy greens.

Eat fractionally, in small portions, do not starve. However, it is also very important not to overeat: this will prevent the development of many possible problems.

Weight at 19 weeks pregnant

At least once a week at about the same time in the same clothes (or not at all), it is recommended to weigh yourself in order to control your weight gain. In the second trimester, the weekly increase should normally be 250-300 g. From the start of pregnancy, you were supposed to gain from 3.6 kg to 6.3 kg. However, normally these data may differ on an individual basis. Much depends on the woman's weight before pregnancy, her age, health status, pregnancy and other factors. Only the gynecologist leading the pregnancy can correctly assess your increase.

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bpm

Fetal development

The baby is getting stronger and growing. The brain does not stop its development even for a minute. At the moment, the areas responsible for the 5 senses (vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch) are being brought to perfection in the brain. New neurons are formed, the task of which is to provide communication between the muscles and the brain. The movements of the baby become more conscious.

This is what your baby looks like at 19 weeks

The sebaceous glands of the fetus actively produce the original lubricant that protects the delicate skin from regular exposure to amniotic fluid. It is she who will ensure easy passage through the birth canal during childbirth, and also protect against microorganisms.

At the nineteenth week of pregnancy, the formation of the respiratory system takes place. The lungs and bronchi actively grow and develop, the bronchial tree begins its formation.

The skin of the baby is covered with lanugo (vellus hairs), which will cover the whole body, even the ears.

The placenta also fully performs its functions, its thickness is an important indicator of its condition. As pregnancy progresses, the thickness of the placenta increases, the growth of the placenta will stop only by 36-37 weeks of pregnancy.

The volume of amniotic fluid also increases, and by the 19th week of pregnancy it will reach 500 milliliters. Your baby is the main source of amniotic fluid. The volume of amniotic fluid depends on production (alveolar fluid and urine) and fluid excretion (fluid swallowed by the fetus).

Ultrasound at 19 weeks pregnant

If you are carrying a girl, then approximately 6 million embryonic eggs have already been formed in her ovaries, and by birth their number will be more than 1 million. Normally, in girls with ultrasound, the ovaries are not visualized. This ovarian reserve will give rise to approximately 400 mature follicles over the course of your daughter's reproductive life, which in turn will ensure normal menstruation and the possibility of pregnancy and childbirth.

On ultrasound at the nineteenth week, the jaws are clearly visible, you can see how your baby opens his mouth, sticks out his tongue.

Your baby's thumbs have not yet fully formed, but he actively grabs absolutely everything that comes to hand.

With an ultrasound examination of the fetus at 19 weeks of gestation, the fetus can be both in a state of sleep and in a state of wakefulness. During this period, the crumbs form a regimen, like in newborn babies, they do not sleep for 6 hours and sleep for 18 hours.

At the nineteenth week of pregnancy, an ultrasound examination excludes the presence of such pathologies of the central nervous system as fetal hydrocephalus and spina bifida, this is a defect that is associated with the opening of bone arches in the spine, as a result of which the spinal cord comes out, and hernias form.

Fetal dimensions on ultrasound at 19 weeks gestation:

• biparietal size: 49 - 49 mm.
• fronto-occipital size: 53 - 63 mm.
• head circumference: 142 - 174 mm.
• abdominal circumference: 114 - 154 mm.
• femur: 26 - 34 mm.
• lower leg bones: 23 -31 mm.
• humerus: 23 - 31 mm.
• forearm bones: 20 26 mm.

At the 19th week of pregnancy, an ultrasound examination necessarily assesses the structure of the fetus, examines the placenta (its structure, location, thickness and exit point of the umbilical cord), evaluates the myometrium (the muscular layer of the uterus) and the presence of increased tone and neoplasms, the cervix for the presence of isthmic-cervical insufficiency and threat of premature birth, ovaries.

What happens in your body at 19 weeks?

The body of the expectant mother continues to undergo changes. Gradually, the hip joints relax and diverge, this is necessary to facilitate the passage of the fetus during childbirth. As a result, pain in the lower back and back may increase.

Due to the fact that around the 19th week of pregnancy in pregnant women the level of hemoglobin in the blood drops, the doctor may recommend iron supplements.

The breasts increase in size, it prepares for the upcoming breastfeeding, the halos darken, but do not worry, some time after the birth, all these changes will pass.

How do you feel at week 19

The nineteenth week of pregnancy is already a serious period, almost half the way has been passed, and even those around you notice this.

The abdomen has increased enough in size, as a result of which a feeling of discomfort may appear in the navel area, this enlarged uterus presses it from the inside.

Some future mothers may observe a protrusion of the navel, you should not worry about this, after childbirth, this phenomenon will pass.

A large enough tummy makes it difficult to sleep on your stomach, which at first can bring discomfort, but you will soon learn to sleep on your side. Small pillows placed under the abdomen and between the knees will help ease the pain.

A more unpleasant phenomenon is calf cramps, which are mostly disturbing at night. This is due to the increased load on the legs. But there is another reason, namely, an insufficient amount of calcium in the body, so calcium-containing foods and preparations must be included in the diet.

In expectant mothers at the 19th week of pregnancy, a decrease in blood pressure may be observed, this is due to the work of progesterone, which weakens the peripheral vessels. Quite often there is a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood, which is associated with an increase in blood volume.

A low level of hemoglobin can provoke slight dizziness, fatigue, weakness. Therefore, avoid sharp rises and turns of the body.

Perhaps there will be difficulties with breathing, inhalation and exhalation are difficult. If so, try to breathe shallowly.

At the nineteenth week of pregnancy, an increase in heart rate, an increase in secretions, increased sweating, and the release of colostrum are possible.

Discharge from the genital tract

At the 19th week of pregnancy, an increase in vaginal discharge is possible, but they should be light, transparent, have no unpleasant odor, and have a uniform consistency.

The presence of atypical, purulent, gray-green, cheesy discharge, accompanied by an unpleasant odor and discomfort in the form of itching, should alert you, as they indicate the addition of a sexual infection. In such cases, you must immediately inform your doctor about this, after the examination, he will prescribe the necessary treatment for you.

Bloody discharge should also alert, especially those that are accompanied by pulling pains in the abdomen. In the presence of such secretions, you should immediately seek medical help.

Photo of tummies at 19 weeks

Examinations at 19 weeks

The examination is carried out according to indications.

Risks at 19 weeks

Due to the fact that immunity is reduced, colds and viral diseases are possible. In the event of viral diseases, for example, acute respiratory infections, at the initial stages of its development, you can drink tea with raspberries or honey. It is better to stop taking medicines.

If the temperature rises above 37 degrees, it is better to seek medical help.

Important at 19 weeks

Watch out for weight gain, as extra pounds put an additional burden on the spine, and, accordingly, the occurrence of back pain. Avoid eating sweets in large quantities.

Avoid prolonged standing, walking long distances, and prolonged sitting. If you work, then every 1.5 - 2 hours get up from your workplace and warm up a little.

If necessary, use a bandage for pregnant women, it will support the stomach, and reduce the load on the lumbar region.

Nutrition at 19 weeks

Nutrition should be monitored, it should not be high-calorie, but balanced and correct. At the moment, the important role is played not by quantity, but by quality. Special attention should be paid to the drinking regimen and the intake of iron-containing foods and preparations. Don't forget calcium supplements.

Try to eat as many fresh vegetables and fruits as possible, as well as steamed food.

Mode

For a night's sleep, allocate at least 10 hours, if possible, arrange an afternoon nap.

It is better to refuse long walks, as this will create a load on the spine.

Otherwise, the regimen is no different from other weeks of pregnancy.

Your pregnancy calendar

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19 weeks of pregnancy - sensations, fetal development, photo, ultrasound, video

Reviews on the forums:

We are in week 19. I feel great. I don't feel any fluctuations yet, but I'm looking forward to them.

Mila:

I feel great. I was looking forward to the first movements, and when the baby moved for the first time, I did not immediately understand that this had happened. It felt like soap bubbles were jumping in my stomach.

Marina:

Back hurts a little. In a few days we are going for an ultrasound, I hope we will find out who will be with us.

I'm a little worried. I am already 19 weeks old, but my tummy is not growing and I do not feel any movement.

Zhenya:

This is the start of week 19. A week ago, I began to feel my baby. It's just great, I'm so happy.

What happens in the body at the 19th week?

• At this time, you began to experience some inconvenience associated with the growth of the abdomen. Now you won't be able to lie on your stomach at night, besides, now it is quite difficult for you to get into a comfortable position for sleeping. Many doctors recommend sleeping on your left side with a pillow under your leg and thigh;
• On the 19th week with an unsuccessful movement, severe pain may appear in the side, most often in the right. When you change position, they quickly pass. Their cause is the stretching of the ligaments of the uterus. Such pains do not pose a danger to the baby, not to the mother. Whatever they were, use a prenatal bandage which will also help you prevent stretch marks;
• At this time, the woman leucorrhoea may increase, this is due to the very rapid renewal of the epithelium in the vagina and the high level of hormones. Also, a woman may begin to be disturbed by sweating, bleeding and soreness of the gums, caries. So make sure to visit your dentist regularly. Very often, women during this period complain of malaise, dizziness, headaches and low blood pressure;
• Your total weight has already increased by about 3 kg, and maybe more. This is due to the fact that in the early lines, due to early toxicosis, you lost a little weight. Be that as it may, from now on nutrition plays a very important role for you, because if you eat incorrectly, you risk gaining excess weight. And also do not forget that you need to provide your baby with all the necessary substances.

Fetal development at 19 weeks

This is the 17th week of your baby's life. Now he weighs about 300g, and his height is 25 cm.

At this stage, your child's systems and organs are at this stage of development:

• The baby's skin is still wrinkled, but no longer so red and thin.. All its folds are protected by a cheese-like lubricant. Gradually, subcutaneous fatty tissue begins to form, which will become a very valuable source of energy in the first days after birth. First of all, subcutaneous fat is deposited in the neck, kidneys and chest;
• The central nervous system of the child is actively developing and, between nerve cells, numerous connections appear, the cerebral cortex grows. Due to this, the reflex activity of the child becomes more complex. He moves his arms and legs, sucks, swallows, blinks, winces, grimace, opens his mouth and searches. The baby reacts to loud sounds, shudders with a sudden shout or noise, and calms down when a calm melody sounds or in silence;
• Your baby's digestive system is getting better every day.. In the intestine, the original feces begin to accumulate - myconium, which consists of peeling intestinal cells, dead cells of the skin epithelium, bile, which get there along with the ingestion of amniotic fluid;
• Kid's kidneys start working, they actively excrete his urine;
• The development of the lungs of the fetus is nearing completion.

In general, almost all the organs and systems of the baby have already formed and began to work. But still, the child has no chance of survival if he decides to be born, because he is very vulnerable. A young mother needs to carefully monitor her health, because harmful effects on the child's body can cause the development of pathologies.

Ultrasound at the 19th week, photo of the fetus, photo of the mother's abdomen

Almost all women undergo ultrasound at week 19, because a second screening is done on this line. This is one of the most exciting examinations in the second trimester of pregnancy, because the size of the fetus still allows it to fit entirely on the monitor screen.

Also at this time, the doctor can tell you the exact gender of the child.

Ultrasound 19 weeks

Photo of the fetus, ultrasound at the 19th week

This is how the belly of the future mother looks at a period of 19 weeks

Photo of the fetus at the 19th obstetric week

Video: What happens at the nineteenth week of pregnancy?

Video: Ultrasound at 19 weeks

• At this time, many women are worried about back pain, so doctors recommend starting wear a prenatal bandage. They are of two types: bandage shorts and bandage belt. The first must be worn only lying down, it fixes not only the stomach, but also the uterus. The bandage belt supports the stomach, it can be worn standing, lying down, and sitting. When using any bandage, it is necessary to take a half-hour break every three hours;
• Also on the 19th week, it is often difficult for a woman to find a comfortable sleeping position. It is recommended to sleep on the left side and what would be more convenient buy a special pillow for pregnant women, which will later come in handy for you for feeding;
• And of course do not forget about proper nutrition, because now it depends on whether your baby will receive all the necessary trace elements.

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19th week of pregnancy: description, photo, video, ultrasound, belly, no movement - Babyblog.ru

On term 19 weeks pregnant most women already feel movements baby. Someone quite clearly hears every movement, while someone only guesses the first “fluttering of butterflies”. The weight of the expectant mother is slowly increasing, the hips are becoming wider.

The baby is growing, gaining weight, more and more he looks like a little man. Pregnancy is approaching its equator, and this is good news.

Your baby is as big as

What happens at 19 weeks pregnant

It's getting harder and harder to choose a sleeping position. It is absolutely impossible to sleep on the stomach, and it is uncomfortable. Sleeping on the back of a future mother is also contraindicated: the uterus can compress the vena cava, which is unsafe. So all that remains is the pose on the side with a slightly bent leg. By the way, you can put a pillow under your feet.

As the uterus grows, this may be accompanied by some painful sensations in the pelvis and lower back. Slowly, the bones begin to disperse, it is not always completely painless. But only cramping pain in the lower abdomen should cause anxiety in the expectant mother, and mild soreness is the norm.

Do not sit in one position for a long time, chairs with a back are now your "friends". Do not sit cross-legged, and definitely avoid high-heeled shoes.

Ultrasound pictures at 19 weeks

see all pictures

fetus at 19 weeks pregnant

The baby's brain is growing and actively developing. This also affects the fact that the movements fetus become coordinated, there is less of the former randomness in it.

19 week- the time of registration of the bronchial tree of the baby, his respiratory system is improving. The sebaceous glands of the fetus also work painstakingly, if I may say so: they produce a white-gray lubricant that protects fetus from exposure to amniotic fluid and pathogenic microorganisms.

Fetal development at 19 weeks gestation happens quite rapidly: the baby's neck has grown stronger, it can already turn 180 degrees. From coccyx to crown fetal size at 19 weeks pregnant He is 15 cm tall and weighs 200 g.

Baby is signaling

Now amazing things like tactile feeling your baby and psychological attachment to them. He gives you signals in the form of the first movements, and you increasingly feel the real presence of the baby.

The psychological mood of the mother during this period usually does not cause unrest. Yes, she can get a little tired, loads are hard for her, one tedious type of action is simply contraindicated. Love yourself and the baby, rest - when rest is necessary, and be active - if the state favors it.

And this is what the tummies look like at 19 weeks

pictures of all tummies

The basis of the menu - cereals and beef

Now in your menu should not be fried and fatty foods. Spicy, smoked foods, foods with unnatural additives should also be minimized. And now pickles and sweets are under strict control.

But foods with a high content of calcium and iron, on the contrary, should be “registered” in your daily diet. And this means that buckwheat, oatmeal, dried apricots, blueberries, tomato juice, beef are now on the list of your gastronomic preferences.

Eat fractionally, often, but do not have any snacks at night.

Ultrasound at 19 weeks pregnant

The time has come to check the level of sugar and hemoglobin in the blood, to pass a urine test for protein. If necessary, the doctor will send the pregnant woman to be tested for progesterone levels.

Already on 19 weeks pregnant a second obligatory ultrasound is possible. The doctor will check the baby's heartbeat, evaluate the motor activity of the fetus, and diagnose pathologies. The size of the uterus and baby will also be noted, the condition of the amniotic fluid will be assessed.

Feelings at 19 weeks pregnant

A rare mother manages to hide her position. And even if no age spots on the face, enlarged nose and lips do not give you away, then rounded belly at 19 weeks pregnant almost impossible to hide. Yes, and the weight gained also speaks in favor of your special condition.

Due to the growth of the uterus, the woman's gait also changes. And it's time for a few months to forget about the existence of heels.

We continue to use the cream for stretch marks, we also take care of the skin, hair, nails. If you have problems with your teeth, go to the doctor. At a later date, it will be difficult for you to sit in the dental chair for a long time.

Recordings at 19 weeks pregnant

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19-20 weeks of pregnancy

Feelings at 19-20 weeks pregnant

At this time, the expectant mother not only emotionally feels differently, but also physically, since significant changes have already taken place in her body.

Among them:

• Increase in cardiac output
• Increase in blood pressure
• An increase in the volume of circulating blood, on average, by 400-500 ml, and by the end of gestation it will reach approximately 1000 ml

There may also be significant changes in the composition of the blood - a low level of hemoglobin or an increased level of leukocytes, which is caused by the development of the fetus, so you should not focus on this special attention, unless of course you feel good.

The uterus during this period is already at the level of the navel and rises a centimeter every week, so the expectant mother may suffer from heartburn and slight shortness of breath.

A white or light yellow discharge, called leucorrhoea, may appear. This is a natural phenomenon that causes an increase in blood flow to the pelvis.

If they turn yellow or green, acquire an unpleasant odor, and are accompanied by burning or itching, you should consult a doctor. It may turn out that an inflammatory process has arisen as a result of an infection.

During this period, pregnant women are characterized by varicose veins caused by the pressure of the uterus on the vena cava, increased blood circulation and weight gain. With the growth of the uterus, pain in the lumbar region may appear. This indicates that the bones began to disperse.

All these sensations are completely natural and are considered normal.

Analyzes and examinations at 19-20 weeks of pregnancy

As for the baby, at the 19-20th week of pregnancy, he is actively growing and developing. Its weight is approximately 300-350 grams and its length is on average 25 cm, it often reminds its mother of itself. The baby has already learned to suck and began to swallow amniotic fluid. At this time, the child's eyes begin to open slightly.

19-20 weeks - the time of the second biochemical screening. At the same time, a routine urine and blood test is also given to determine the level of sugar in the blood. Starting from the 20th week, the doctor must be visited twice a month.

The second screening at this time is not appointed by chance. It is at this time that the so-called frozen pregnancy is most often observed, which most women determine themselves. The main symptom is the absence of movement.

The fetus may die due to hormonal failure or exposure to some negative factor. The doctor diagnoses a frozen pregnancy by the absence of a heartbeat or by means of an ultrasound examination. If the diagnosis is confirmed, the woman goes to the hospital, the fetus is removed.

It should be borne in mind that for a period of 19-20 weeks, the baby is able to capture all external sounds, and therefore it should be protected from unnecessary negative emotional outbursts and stress.

Pain at 19-20 weeks of gestation

But not every pregnant woman can boast of ideal indicators, many at this stage of pregnancy experience terrible back pain, weakness, painful and frequent urination.

This ailment is due to the fact that the uterus, pressing down on the bladder and the mouth of the ureters, causes a violation of the passage of urine. Stagnation of urine can cause the development of an infection leading to pyelonephritis of pregnant women.

If you suspect this disease, you should consult a doctor, as it is dangerous not only for the health of the mother, but also for the further full development of the fetus.

During pregnancy, the muscles that hold the uterus become stronger (thick), so there may be pain in the abdomen with too sudden movements. Another unpleasant sensation is pressure from inside the uterus on the navel. But it will pass as soon as the uterus rises even higher.

Due to an increase in body weight and a shift in the center of gravity, pressure appears on the lower back and pelvic area, which can also cause a sensation of pain. In addition, the bones of the small pelvis begin to diverge, this also does not always go painlessly.

Another cause of pain in the lumbar region is the constant standing or sitting in an uncomfortable position. When sedentary, you need to do a warm-up every hour. Pain may increase if a woman wears heavy or high-heeled shoes.

During this time, heavy objects should not be lifted or carried. If it is still necessary, then you need to lift something heavy by squatting, using a backpack or distributing the weight on both hands. It's time to give up high heels at 19-20 weeks. Shoes should be comfortable and stable.

Another problem is leg cramps. Both pain and cramps can be prevented by resting your legs more often, doing special exercises and massage, and lying down more often with your legs stretched out. During this period, it's time to start using a prenatal bandage - it can make life much easier.

The middle of pregnancy is approaching, a woman can already safely say that almost half of this long and interesting journey has been successfully completed. The 19th week of pregnancy has begun. This is a rather interesting and eventful week, which, perhaps, will be remembered for a lifetime, because right now the contact between mother and baby is being established - now they can feel each other. We will tell you more about what else is happening at this time.

How many months is this?

According to the usual calendar calculation is the middle of the fifth month. But according to obstetric standards, pregnancy is considered not calendar months, but lunar months, each of them has exactly 28 days. The first obstetric week is already when the baby is not yet there and the mother's body is still preparing for ovulation and the subsequent fertilization of the released egg. When conception takes place, the third obstetric week will begin. The 19th week of pregnancy is the end of the fifth obstetric month, only a week and six days separate the woman from the "equator" of pregnancy - its middle.

If a woman is at the nineteenth week, this means that the 17th week has gone from the moment of conception and 15 weeks have passed since the day the menstruation was delayed, which did not “come” to the great joy of all household members.

Now the woman is in the second trimester. The gestational age allows her to enjoy her position without experiencing heaviness or fatigue. All these unpleasant "companions" will come a little later.

Feelings of the expectant mother

It is still a long time before going on maternity leave, and now the woman’s daily life is not much different from the previous one: she still goes to work, studies, does her usual household chores, meets friends.

The physical condition completely allows her to do this, because so far the most calm and easy period of pregnancy is going on. However, big changes have already taken place in the worldview of a pregnant woman - the understanding that another person will soon be born, for whom she is responsible, makes a woman more thoughtful, measured, serious. At week 19, sensations can be very different, we will consider only some of them.

perturbations

Future mothers are waiting for this moment as a real miracle. In the current week, the movements of the baby are already felt by all women whose pregnancy is not the first, but the second or third. Small tremors are also clearly felt by women who are expecting the appearance of twins or triplets. Only those who bear the firstborn can stay in anticipation. The absence of movements should not frighten such a pregnant woman; normally, during the first pregnancy, they begin to be felt around the 20th week.

In women, the question often arises why one is already feeling movements, while the other has “silence” in the tummy for the same period. It is quite difficult to answer it unambiguously, the movements are very individual. When they start depends not only and not so much on the duration of pregnancy, but on the physique of the pregnant woman, her sensitivity, and the place of attachment of the placenta.

If the "baby place" is located along the front wall, the woman will feel the movements a little later than a pregnant woman with a placenta along the back wall of the uterus.

Women who lead a more active lifestyle, move a lot, work, study, feel movements later, because during the day they have no time to focus on the sensations in the stomach. And ladies who can afford to relax, rest, lie down during the day usually declare the appearance of new sensations earlier.

Some pregnant women who are worried about the lack of movement do not realize that there is actually movement already. Recognizing the first subtle movements of the crumbs can be difficult, especially if the pregnancy is the first.

Often, the expectant mother perceives them as fermentation of gases or intestinal motility, and only when the baby grows up a little, increases in size, they begin to understand that these were not gases at all. Usually, such future mothers find it difficult to accurately answer the question of their doctor about the date of the first movements.

belly growth

At week 19, there are practically no pregnant women who would not have a growing belly. Even overweight women, in whom roundness begins to be visualized later, are now already walking with a protruding belly. Ordinary clothes have become uncomfortable, now women are trying to change their wardrobe to more spacious things that do not constrain movements.

By the asymmetry of the abdomen in the supine position, a woman can already guess in which part of the abdominal cavity the baby is currently located.

The tummy, resembling a ball, is the object of increased attention from others. And there are always those who want to touch it. It is clear that this gives expectant mothers discomfort.

There is no need to be embarrassed to immediately indicate your position in communicating with such people - only a categorical ban on touching strangers on the stomach can stop these attempts and restore peace of mind to the expectant mother.

Now the grown uterus does not allow you to lie on your stomach, it is also unpleasant to lie on your back, because the uterus compresses the vena cava, which can cause the woman to feel dizzy. At week 19, you can wear a special prenatal bandage that will ease the load on the back, legs and waist.

appetite and sleep

Women who are at the 19th week of pregnancy usually do not complain about the lack of appetite. I want to eat, and almost constantly. In such conditions, it is important not to lose vigilance and not “eat” extra pounds. It is important to control both the quantity and quality of food, as well as to avoid foods that are undesirable during pregnancy.

Sleep in general can be disturbed. But not because of hormones, as it was in the first trimester of pregnancy, but because of physical inconvenience - a woman constantly has to choose a comfortable position for relaxation. The choice is now small - only the right and left side, at the time of the coup, spontaneous awakenings are possible.

You can improve your sleep with the help of special pillows for pregnant women, which give support to the stomach and upper leg. If there is no such pillow, you can replace it with three small pillows that are placed under the stomach, knee of the upper leg and under the pelvis (if necessary).

Mood and emotions

A woman at the 19th week of pregnancy is an image that is popular in jokes, since folk rumor adds up legends about the forgetfulness and absent-mindedness of expectant mothers at this time. They somewhat exaggerate the scale of what is happening, but on the whole it is noticed correctly - the woman is now really in a kind of euphoria.

Its inhibition is due to the effect of hormones on the brain and nervous system - with the help of such a protective mechanism, the body reduces the load on the psyche and emotional sphere of the expectant mother so that her experiences and strong emotions do not harm the developing baby.

In general, the pregnant woman becomes more calm, peaceful. Now there are no strong worries about possible threats and risks. If the movements are already felt, then it becomes easier for the mother to communicate with her baby, she becomes more sentimental, sensitive.

A woman at this time usually does not yet really need physical help, but she is in dire need of moral support, love and understanding at any stage of pregnancy.

pain

At week 19, some women begin to feel that their pubic bone hurts when they change their body position. The pelvic bones soften, begin to disperse - this is how the body gradually begins to prepare for the upcoming birth. If the pains are not strong, do not interfere with walking, sitting, then there is nothing wrong with this phenomenon. If the pubic bone is very disturbing, you should tell the doctor about it: perhaps symphysitis begins.

Most often, in the current period, women complain that their back and lower back hurt. Such pains, if they do not proceed sharply, intensely, cramping, but are episodic, unexpressed, are quite natural - the growing uterus causes stretching and compaction of the ligamentous apparatus. This is associated with tingling in the uterus, and small "lumbago" in the lower abdomen. Pulls the lower back and due to a change in the center of gravity, as well as due to increased weight.

The head at 19 weeks rarely hurts. At the very beginning of pregnancy, headaches were caused by the hormone progesterone, which was produced in large quantities. Now headaches that last long and happen often can be more dangerous symptoms: high blood pressure, vascular problems are just some of the possible causes. Therefore, you should definitely consult with your doctor.

Allocations

The discharge from the current week should be monitored constantly. This good habit in the third trimester will serve you well. Panty liners will help a woman accurately identify any changes. Normally, discharge at week 19 becomes slightly larger than before. But their consistency, color and smell should not change.

The norm is a light, white, slightly yellowish discharge, odorless or having a slight sour smell. If the color of the vaginal secret has changed, an unpleasant odor has appeared, you should definitely visit a doctor without waiting for the date of the scheduled appointment.

Blood discharge, pink, brown, both abundant and scanty, may be a sign of an incipient miscarriage. Brown weak "daub", especially after sex, may indicate that a woman has cervical erosion.

Dark gray, brown, green discharge is a sign of a bacterial infection of the genital tract. Usually, such discharge has an unpleasant smell, reminiscent of fish, and is also accompanied by itching or frequent painful urination.

White discharge against the background of itching, resembling cottage cheese in consistency, is a sign of thrush. This ailment often accompanies a woman throughout pregnancy, from time to time declaring itself an exacerbation.

Watery discharge, reminiscent of the effects of urinary incontinence, may indicate leakage or discharge of amniotic fluid. When such secretions appear, you should immediately call an ambulance.

It is absolutely not necessary for a woman to know all the features of the vaginal secret, it is enough just to follow the rules of hygiene and always inspect her daily pad before changing it.

Toxicosis

Toxicosis at week 19 is not typical. However, we are talking only about toxicosis already familiar to women - with nausea and intolerance to odors and certain foods. Right now, another toxicosis can begin, late, which in medicine is called "preeclampsia". Recognizing it is much more difficult.

Weight gain in excess of the norm, if a woman tries to eat right and follows all the recommendations, may be a sign of internal edema - a dangerous dropsy of pregnant women. Visible swelling can now appear on the face, on the hands, on the legs. The first alarming symptoms are difficulties with removing the rings from the fingers, as well as characteristic prints from the rubber band of socks on the ankles.

If at week 19 such signs appear, the woman should definitely inform her doctor about this. A pregnancy complicated in this way can result in premature birth, placental abruption, intrauterine death of the baby, fetal hypoxia, and complications in childbirth. A pregnant woman with preeclampsia needs special medical supervision.

Changes in the body

At week 19, a woman may first feel tingling in the navel. This is a completely normal phenomenon associated with stretching of the skin of the abdomen. Soon this unpleasant feeling will pass. Other physiological changes include the following.

Uterine dimensions

The uterus has grown noticeably. Now the line of its bottom (its upper part) is only a centimeter below the navel. The height of the fundus of the uterus now ranges from 17 to 21 centimeters, most often - 18-19 centimeters. The uterus is located in the abdominal cavity, gradually "pushing back" the internal organs.

The length of the cervix is ​​40-45 mm, a shorter cervix can be a serious complication of pregnancy. Shortening it at this time is regarded as isthmic-cervical insufficiency, which is a threat of miscarriage.

Over the entire period of bearing a baby, a woman's uterus increases by about 500 times, and the basis of its growth is yet to come. Starting this week, the measurement of the standing height of the fundus of the uterus will be carried out at each scheduled appointment with an obstetrician-gynecologist. The received data of the VSDMS are entered into the exchange card of the expectant mother.

Weight gain

By this week, without exception, all women state that they have noticeably recovered, put on weight. But the increase itself will be different. The increase in body weight now is not only a consequence of the good appetite of the expectant mother, but also a physiologically determined situation - under the influence of progesterone, fat reserves were deposited during the first trimester, and now the amount of blood has increased, the placenta is developing.

How much a woman will add by week 19 depends on her initial weight. If she was thin before giving birth, now she will normally see + 5.6 kilograms on the scales. Women with normal weight or slightly overweight before pregnancy should now add no more than 4.9 kilograms. Expectant mothers who have been diagnosed with obesity should not now add more than 2.6 kilograms.

If the increase significantly exceeds these norms, the doctor will definitely prescribe additional tests to find out if the woman has internal edema, preeclampsia. A universal diet for pregnant women will also be prescribed, which will help bring the weight in accordance with the norms.

It is advisable for a woman to weigh herself not only at the reception once a month, but also every week at home. To do this, it is best to carry out weighing on the same day in the morning after visiting the toilet: the results will be more reliable.

Breast

The mammary glands of many pregnant women have increased by more than two sizes. Now they do not hurt as much as they did in the first third of pregnancy, but the nipples continue to be more dense and sensitive than before pregnancy. The areola could darken, and small bumps, so-called Montgomery's nodules, could appear on and around the nipples.

This week, a woman may begin to be disturbed by itching in the lower part of the mammary glands and on the sides - this is stretching of the skin. If the right measures are not taken now, ugly and difficult-to-remove stretch marks on the chest may remain. To prevent their occurrence, a woman can now start using emollient moisturizing hypoallergenic creams, as well as start wearing a “correct” bra that securely supports her breasts with fixing cups and wide straps.

Many women who are carrying their second or third baby already have thick, white or yellowish colostrum coming out of their nipples. In primiparous women, it may not yet be.

Hair and skin

The hair of a woman at the 19th week of pregnancy becomes thicker and silkier. The skin of a woman acquires an unprecedented sensitivity, which is why it is not recommended to experiment with new cosmetics. It is better to refrain from excessive use of old proven means without urgent need. Contact allergy is one of the most common complaints among women who are on this term.

A pregnant woman is now not recommended to visit the bathhouse, sauna, solarium. Any thermal effect on the skin in particular and on the whole organism as a whole is dangerous.

If the middle of pregnancy falls on a hot summer, you should protect your skin from excessive exposure to sunlight so as not to provoke excessive pigmentation. If the period falls at the height of winter, the skin should be protected from exposure to cold winds.

Dyspnea

At 18-19 obstetric weeks, a woman may begin to feel quite pronounced shortness of breath. Even small physical activity, habitual household chores, a short walk at a brisk pace can cause feelings of lack of air, dizziness. There are two reasons for the occurrence of this phenomenon at this time.

• Increased amount of circulating blood, and, accordingly, the load on all organs, including the lungs of women, increased in the frame proportion (by more than 40%).
• Contributes to the development of shortness of breath growing uterus, which is already beginning to “support” the diaphragm. If shortness of breath often torments, you should discuss this issue with your doctor, he can recommend breathing exercises and, if necessary, examine the respiratory organs of a pregnant woman for possible pathologies. Infrequent attacks of shortness of breath do not need treatment, a woman just needs to learn how to measure her strength, avoid physical overload, try to walk slowly, measuredly.

Baby development

The intensive growth of the fetus has ended, now the baby will grow at a more relaxed pace and gain weight every day. At week 19, its size is comparable to a very large potato tuber. The height of the baby is 22-25 centimeters, and the weight is almost 300 grams.

For 17 embryonic weeks, the baby went through several stages of development - it was a set of cells, an embryo, now it is considered a fetus, the fetal period of intrauterine development is underway.

Appearance

The skin of the crumbs gradually ceases to be wrinkled and red. This is due to the fact that the formation of subcutaneous fat has already begun, which gradually accumulates, smoothes the “wrinkles” and separates the thin layers of the skin from the circulatory network, due to which the same red color was present.

Every day the baby becomes more and more pretty, the first roundness begins to appear in it. Subcutaneous fat is primarily deposited on the neck, in the area of ​​​​the shoulder blades, on the chest and lower back. In the first days after the baby is born, this fat will help maintain body temperature, and will also be an important source of energy for the new little man.

The thinness of your baby is still present now, the arms and legs look very thin, the tummy is also far from the generally accepted ideas about the appearance of the little ones. But the head began to acquire normal proportions, gradually slowing down in growth against the background of the rest of the body growing faster.

At the beginning of pregnancy, the head was the largest part of the body in the embryo, now it is only about a third of the body area, and by the time of birth it will be only one fifth. The baby's face is now unique. It is not like the faces of other babies, because in it now all hereditary traits are manifested in all their glory- big nose or snub-nosed “button”, lips “bow” or wide, eye shape, chin shape, forehead height.

The profile of the baby is clearly visible on ultrasound, and observant future parents are already beginning to guess who the baby looks like.

The whole body of the baby is covered with thin light hairs - lanugo. This is how the first hair follicles begin to function. These hairs are temporary, they will fall out closer to childbirth. Sometimes babies are born with lanugo that has not completely disappeared, and vellus hair disappears gradually over several weeks after birth. In addition to the hairline, the skin of the baby is densely covered with a cheese-like lubricant. This makes the skin more protected from the effects of the aquatic environment in which it is located.

The appearance of the crumbs is formed to the smallest detail: there are eyelashes and eyebrows, tiny feet grow on the fingers and toes, on the fingertips there is a unique individual identification feature - a pattern that forms a fingerprint. The baby has joints, a fairly mobile neck, all the ribs are formed, and the chest has acquired clear shapes.

Internal organs

A real labor "feat" at the current gestational age is performed by a tiny heart - it pumps 23-24 liters of blood per day, completely covering the needs of the child's body for blood supply.

The baby's heart rate is almost twice the heart rate of his mother. Normal heart rate this week is 150-170 beats per minute. All divisions are formed in the heart. Completed and the formation of all blood vessels.

The development of the digestive system continues. Now the original feces - meconium - are deposited in the intestines of the crumbs. In fact, meconium is dead epithelial cells that the baby can swallow along with the amniotic fluid. The rich black-green color of meconium is given by bile, which is produced by the gallbladder and partially enters the intestines.

Functioning stomach, pancreas. The liver successfully combines two "works" - it participates in the process of hematopoiesis and helps the digestive organs.

The lungs and bronchi of the crumbs are formed, but not completely. In the lungs, the accumulation of surfactant has not yet begun. Without this essential substance, the baby's alveoli will stick together when trying to breathe, and he will not be able to survive. The required amount of surfactant usually accumulates by the end of the second trimester. The kidneys are actively working, producing urine, the baby empties the bladder about once an hour.

Despite the fact that all organs are fully formed, the baby, who will be born at week 19, will not be able to survive on his own. Medicine is powerless in helping such crumbs, so the expectant mother needs to monitor her health and avoid situations that are dangerous and risky for the baby's life.

Nervous system

It is the nervous system that is currently undergoing the most intense changes. Every minute more and more new neural connections are formed and laid in it. The brain, in which the gray matter, the so-called cortex, is now actively growing, has already begun to establish control over the movements of the crumbs.

Now the baby can quite consciously send a fist into her mouth, reach for the umbilical cord, try to grab her leg, and also knock on the wall of the uterus. It is these touches that a woman feels as movements.

Reflex skills are developed quite well: sucking and swallowing reflexes were formed among the first. The kid knows how to grab, clench his fists, and also has a rudimentary self-preservation instinct: when he feels a threat from the outside (loud sounds, a sharp change in the position of the pregnant woman’s body), the baby is “scared” and tries to shrink more compactly.

If the legs accidentally touch the walls of the uterus, the baby briskly pushes off - this reflex will later help him master vertical walking. The skin, due to the developed network of nerve endings, is very sensitive. The brain already receives and “processes” information from them.

sense organs

The baby from this week begins to hear. And this is the main event that radically changes the worldview for him. At week 19, the formation of the auditory ossicles is completed, the vibration of which allows the structures of the auditory analyzers to capture the difference in sounds.

Until this time, the baby heard, but only the vibration that was created by the mother's voice, the loud sounds of the parents' alarm clock, the barking of the dog next to the expectant mother. Now a whole new world of full-fledged sounds opens up for him. He will gradually comprehend them.

Now he will begin to listen to what surrounds him: he is interested in the beat of his mother's heart, her breathing, the work of her intestines and the noise of blood flow. Almost immediately, he will pick up the mother's voice, because he already knows it on a vibrational level. Every day the range of perceived sound information will become wider, and the baby will gradually begin to pick up various sounds from the outside.

Now more than ever it is important to talk to the child, read fairy tales to him, sing songs. By the way, the lullabies that the mother will now sing to the baby will be recognized by them immediately after birth.

The baby will begin to open its eyes in about 2 months. In the meantime, the retina has become more sensitive, which allows the baby to distinguish light from darkness through tightly closed eyelids. The baby's eyes began to make quick movements to the right and left. Supporters of physiology say that this is due to the development of the muscular system of the organs of vision, and supporters of metaphysics claim that the baby has already begun to dream.

A tiny man in the mother's womb has well-developed tactile sensations, he distinguishes the nuances of the taste of amniotic fluid. If the mother eats sweets, the baby will begin to swallow the amniotic fluid with great enthusiasm, if the mother's menu had garlic or onions, the baby will make hilarious grimaces of discontent, wince when swallowing water. Even these little kids love sweets.

Determination of the sex of the child

The external genital organs are fully formed and no longer cause doubts. Boys look like boys and girls look like girls. Right now, the most opportune moment has come to determine the sex of the baby on an ultrasound scan. A little later, the child will be too large, he will take a compact pose, covering intimate places with his hands and umbilical cord. That's why sex determination in the third trimester is not considered accurate.

At the beginning of pregnancy, the genitals were almost identical, too small, and the probability of error was also high. Now the review is ideal in order to finally find out who to expect - a son or a daughter.

In the body of boys, an important stage is now beginning - the testicles, which were formed and grew in the abdominal cavity, begin to gradually descend, first into the small pelvis, and a little later - into the scrotum. In girls, the sex glands have long taken their rightful place in the pelvis: the ovaries, uterus, tubes - everything is where it should be.

Sex hormones are produced so far only in the body of future men. Little girls are still forced to be content with the concentration of maternal hormones that come to them with their mother's blood.

Your child on ultrasound

The vast majority of pregnant women visit an ultrasound examination this week. It is considered mandatory, since the second prenatal screening study falls within this period. Mom will be able to see and appreciate what impressive results her baby has managed to achieve.

The main size, which made it possible to draw conclusions about the growth rate of the baby in the first trimester - the coccygeal-parietal - is no longer measured, because the baby as a whole no longer fits into the visibility zone of the ultrasound scanner. KTP is not defined.

But the dimensions of individual parts of the body are perfectly visible, by which doctors judge the proportionality of the baby's body and its development. Such dimensions are called fetometric indicators.

Normally, for the 19th week, the following values ​​\u200b\u200bare characteristic:

BPR - transverse (biparental) head size, and LZR - fronto-occipital (longitudinal). Each individually and both together serve as the main marker for matching the size of the baby to the gestational age. The lengths of paired bones are also an indication of the duration of pregnancy and can tell a diagnostician a lot about the development of the child. The thickness of the placenta is now in the range of 20-21 mm, the umbilical cord has a diameter of about 2 centimeters and three vessels in the cut.

Possible risks and dangers of 19 weeks

The main danger of this week is reduced immunity. From the very first hours after the completed conception, the hormone progesterone suppresses it. Such immunosuppression is necessary so that the woman's immunity does not perceive the embryo as a foreign object and does not deal with it.

By the 18-19th week of pregnancy, immunity is suppressed to a critical level. There is practically no threat of miscarriage, non-developing pregnancy, but there is a high probability of getting ARVI, flu, catching a cold, catching a sore throat or bronchitis.

The consequences of a cold will no longer be as devastating for the baby as they could be in the embryonic period of its development, because the baby has grown stronger, his own immunity has already begun to form.

A much more serious threat is posed by improper treatment. That is why a woman at the first sign of a disease: cough, runny nose, high temperature should call a doctor and get competent recommendations for the treatment of a particular ailment.

Women at 18-19 obstetric weeks often complain of heartburn, diarrhea or constipation. Significant difficulties with digestion are possible due to mechanical compression of the abdominal organs by the growing uterus, as well as due to a woman’s violation of the principles of healthy and proper nutrition during pregnancy.

Colitis, ulcers, gastritis can worsen even when there is a history of such ailments, previously a woman has already had problems with the health of the digestive organs, because pregnancy in itself increases the load on all organs.

Treatment during the second trimester is often done with antibiotics such as Flemoxin. The potential benefits of taking such funds at this time outweigh the risks. A decrease in immunity at week 19 can cause cystitis, pyelonephritis and other problems with the urinary system. The woman's body becomes vulnerable to viruses and bacteria.

If characteristic symptoms appear - frequent urination, cramps, pain in the lower abdomen, heaviness in the lower back, a woman should immediately inform her doctor about this and take urine and blood tests.

Frequent constipation and a sedentary lifestyle can cause an unpleasant and very painful disease - hemorrhoids. They suffer from about 40% of pregnant women at this time. This condition also requires medical advice and the appointment of medications that, without harm to the health of the baby, can save a woman from a delicate illness.

In general, the expectant mother should be very attentive now to her well-being. The muscular walls of the uterus should normally remain relaxed, and the arrival of the uterus in tone is also a reason for an unscheduled meeting with the doctor.

Women can already determine the tone on their own - the stomach “turns to stone”, the upper border of the uterus begins to clearly appear just below the navel. A pregnant woman at week 19 feels the uterus almost constantly, it is impossible to miss changes in her tone.

Analyzes and examinations

This week, expectant mothers are undergoing a second prenatal screening. A blood sample for analysis, which is called a "triple test" by week 19 is usually already passed. If this was not done 7-10 days ago, then a woman is often given a referral to the laboratory right now.

In the blood of the expectant mother, the concentration of three components is determined - hCG, free estriol and alpha-fetoprotein. Their increase or decrease relative to the norm may indirectly indicate defects in the neural tube of the fetus, the presence of chromosomal abnormalities in the baby - Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, Turner syndrome and a number of other gross pathologies.

Unlike the screening of the first trimester, the second screening does not necessarily take place on the same day: a week or more can pass between blood donation and a visit to the ultrasound room. But the data of the laboratory examination and the protocol of the ultrasound diagnostician are still evaluated by a special computer program as a whole.

In addition to screening studies, at week 19, a woman who is scheduled to receive an appointment must pass a general urine test and a general blood test. Now is the time to check how the kidneys work, whether sugar in the urine and blood is elevated, and whether the woman has anemia. Low hemoglobin at this time is detected in about 20% of pregnant women.

Compliance with the basic recommendations depends on how easy the future pregnancy will be. Ahead is her most difficult period, the third trimester. A woman needs to gain strength, prepare for the upcoming birth in advance.

Do not forget about daily walks. They will help a woman saturate her blood with oxygen, which means that the baby will receive more of it. It is good to take oxygen cocktails.

Now it is important to monitor your weight, it is advisable to keep a diary where a woman can write down her feelings, weight, menu. This notebook will help the attending physician to understand in more detail what is happening to the expectant mother and why.

Sex

If there are no contraindications, sex at week 19 is quite possible. Orgasm has a positive effect on the blood circulation of the uterus, on the mood and emotional state of the pregnant woman. She still does not feel awkward, at week 19 her libido rises, sexual sensations intensify.

Spouses should not forget about safety rules: positions should now be chosen such that there is no deep penetration, so that mechanical pressure is not exerted on the woman's tummy. For this reason, the cowgirl and missionary positions are no longer suitable.

From anal sex, from the use of sex toys and lubricant gels, it is better to refuse now. This can cause significant harm to the health of the expectant mother. In general, the stomach is not yet very restrictive and embarrassing for the spouses.

If after sex a woman notices unusual discharge of a strange color or consistency, she should definitely consult a doctor.

Food

The nutrition of the expectant mother should be balanced, she should receive daily proteins, slow carbohydrates and fats in an amount covering the daily requirement. Eating should be at least 5-6 times a day, it is better to reduce the volume of servings. "Merilom" can be the palms of a pregnant woman - on a woman’s plate there should be a portion, comparable in volume to the volume of the palms, folded in a “boat”.

Now it is better to give up fatty pork and lamb, fat, fatty fish. It is best to replace them with beef, rabbit, turkey meat and chicken. You should not eat sausage and sausages, smoked meats, spicy, salty and fried foods. A large amount of sugar and sparkling water will not benefit.

Be sure to include raw vegetables and fruits in the menu at this time: fiber will help to avoid constipation and hemorrhoids. For the prevention and treatment of anemia, it is recommended to eat foods high in iron - buckwheat porridge, beef liver, blueberries and strawberries, dried mushrooms and fresh apples.

Dairy products, spinach and fresh herbs, pistachios, peanuts, and some types of sea fish will help to avoid problems with hypocalcemia and provide the baby with the necessary amount of calcium that he now needs for bone growth. Do not forget about the required amount of drinking water - a woman should drink about one and a half liters per day.

If there are swelling, the amount of water is discussed with the doctor. The amount of salt for all pregnant women, without exception, is recommended to be reduced to 5 grams per day.

Gymnastics

You need to do gymnastics for pregnant women daily. A set of simple and unpretentious exercises that do not require outstanding physical data from a woman will help prepare all muscle groups for the upcoming birth and facilitate the recovery process after them. Exercises associated with sharp turns of the body, tilts should be avoided - due to changes in blood pressure, which are characteristic of the current gestational age, dizziness and loss of consciousness may occur.

You can also start training your pelvic muscles with a set of Kegel exercises. This will help strengthen the walls of the vagina and pelvic ligaments before the upcoming birth, and will also significantly improve the quality of the sexual life of both partners.

Invasive diagnostics - is it necessary to do it?

If the second screening shows worrisome or questionable results, the woman is usually advised to visit a geneticist and get a referral for an invasive diagnosis. Cordocentesis or amniocentesis are very informative methods in order to get an answer to the main question - is the baby healthy.

But they are deservedly considered quite traumatic and dangerous: a puncture of the abdominal wall, with the help of which amniotic fluid or a sample of umbilical cord blood is taken by inserting a needle into the uterine cavity, can cause infection of the membranes and death of the fetus.

To play it safe, a woman can do a non-invasive test. Now NIPT is available in medical genetic centers, however, its cost is high - several tens of thousands of rubles. This is a completely safe technique. A woman takes blood from a vein, finds fetal blood cells in it, extracts DNA and concludes that the baby has developmental abnormalities. There is an alternative.

True, if NIPT shows that the baby is sick, you will still have to do an invasive material sampling, because so far a DNA test on maternal blood is not accepted as a basis for terminating a pregnancy at a later stage for medical reasons if the woman is not ready for the birth of a “special” baby.

The 18-19th week of pregnancy becomes the most touching and pleasant period during the bearing of a child, because it is at this interval that you begin to feel the development of the fetus and even the first movements. Some women embrace such sensations a little earlier. This mainly applies to girls of thin build, but often this falls on the specified period.

Main characterizing points

At this stage of the development of the baby, you can observe the following phenomena:

1. At the nineteenth week, the body length of the fetus already reaches 22-25 cm, and the weight is 300 g.
2. The body takes on the correct shape, the head is already beginning to correspond to the size of the child's body.
3. The phalanges of the fingers have formed, the limbs are evenly developed and have the correct length ratios.
4. The baby's muscular system is well developed, thanks to which the woman feels the movements of the fetus, they are not yet so sharp and strong, but more like light movements.
5. The reproductive system is almost formed, the testicles in boys are still on their way to the scrotum and are still in the abdominal cavity. Despite this, the male fetus already has testes, seminal vesicles, a penis, and a prostate. And girls have a well-formed system in the form of labia, vagina, uterus, clitoris, fallopian tubes and ovaries.
6. The placenta works at full power, enriching the child with the useful substances he needs.
7. On ultrasound, you will already clearly see the sex of the child, if until now it was unknown to you, the bones of the skull and the diametrical strip dividing it into the right and left hemisphere are clearly visible.
8. By this time, the child's heart is fully formed, even his two chambers can be seen on the ultrasound pictures.
9. At the 19th week of pregnancy, the central nervous system of the fetus develops at an intense speed, a connection is established between its cells and the growth of the cerebral cortex. It is these changes that cause him to reflex abilities, such as thumb sucking, hiccups, opening his mouth, blinking, moving his arms and legs. The child has already formed a reaction to light and sound, he can be frightened by loud music and calm down by a calm melody, turns around when light appears.
10. The stomach is already filled with amniotic fluid, from which the baby receives all the substances necessary for normal life and growth. In the intestines, the original feces accumulate, consisting of elements that appeared after the processing of amniotic fluid.

Fat begins to accumulate under the skin, due to which the skin straightens out, it no longer looks wrinkled, as it used to, but gradually acquires the necessary appearance with a natural color and without wrinkles.

It takes eighteen weeks before the immune system begins to form.

The baby's body can already produce substances such as immunoglobulin and interferon, which help protect against viruses and infections.

At the 18-19th week of pregnancy, the baby more and more often reminds of himself, his organs and systems gradually move to the final stages of formation, he becomes an independent organism that is preparing for birth.

On ultrasound, you can clearly see the nose, lips, and even a smile. Many organs are so formed that it is possible to examine them for the presence of defects in order to take the necessary measures in time for further normal development and a safe birth.

Pregnancy for a woman at 18-19 weeks: what's new?

At the 18-19th week of pregnancy, certain changes also occur in the woman's body. In addition to the fact that she already feels a new life in herself, her organs and systems begin to work a little differently.

At this stage of bearing a child, a woman gains about 500 g weekly. This phenomenon occurs due to an increase in the uterus, the growth of amniotic fluid. But the main reason is the development of the child, which at this time is very intensive, because already at the 18th week, subcutaneous fat begins to accumulate in him.

Due to the significant growth of the uterus, the muscles in the abdomen and lower on the sides begin to stretch, which can sometimes lead to pulling and stabbing pains, especially with sudden movements. In this case, you should not worry - this is a normal natural process, which will soon pass and will not remind of itself. One has only to know that if the discomfort does not go away for a long time and the pain becomes acute, as well as bloody discharge from the genitals, then you need to urgently go to the hospital, as this may be a threat of miscarriage.

During this period, there is an increase in vaginal discharge. This is a normal process - this is how the protective function of the body reacts to the penetration of various infections and microbes into the genitourinary system. The discharge should be either slightly milky or light gray with a slight sour smell. There should not be any other impurities, for example, in the form of blood or pus clots.

In addition, the placenta is sufficiently formed and has a thickness of about 22 mm. At the 19th week of pregnancy, it has an effect on the woman's body, lowers the tone of the uterus, when necessary, maintains pressure, and regulates the tightness of the cervical canal. Basically, her activities are completely aimed at maintaining the successful bearing of a child.

Particular attention should be paid to weight gain - in just 19 weeks of pregnancy, you should become heavier by about 4-6 kg. If the rate is exaggerated, you need to pay attention to your diet, as overeating can lead to late preeclampsia and edema, which in the last trimester will bring a lot of problems to both you and your child.

Try to eat more plant foods, reduce salt intake to 5-7 g per day, and liquids to 1.2-1.5 liters. It is fatty, salty and smoked foods that provoke fluid stagnation in the body.

Keep in mind that due to the growth of the uterus and the child, there is a large load on the spine and internal organs. To relieve pain and discomfort, it is worth doing physical exercises for pregnant women, yoga and taking at least 5 times a day for 5-7 minutes a knee-elbow pose to relieve stress from clamped systems and organs. So you save yourself from early constipation, hemorrhoids, heartburn and oxygen starvation of the child.

Additional features

18-19 weeks of pregnancy is also characterized by the possible occurrence of convulsions, which is associated with the intensive growth of the child. The need for calcium increases, so include more dairy products, sesame seeds and almonds in your diet - they are most saturated with this element.

Because of the growing belly, which is hard to hide from prying eyes, it is worth choosing a comfortable sleeping position that will suit you and not harm the child. It becomes physically impossible to sleep on your stomach, and lying on your back, you squeeze the vena cava, and the baby in the womb does not receive the right dose of oxygen, which can lead to oxygen starvation and improper development of systems and organs.

In the third trimester of pregnancy, you need to be especially attentive to yourself and to the life that is emerging inside you. A good rest, a healthy diet, the necessary ultrasound, tests, examinations and a visit to the doctor should be in the first place. No heavy physical exertion, stressful situations and a sedentary lifestyle. The child needs oxygen, so walk more often, take the necessary vitamins and minerals, eat more fruits and vegetables.

Sleep should last at least 8 hours.

Eliminate the use of alcohol, carbonated drinks and junk food. Everything should be only fresh and natural. Watch your weight to prevent late preeclampsia.