Description
Attention!The cost of the analysis is indicated for each individual localization.
Sowing on mycoplasma and ureaplasma is a microbiological study that allows you to identify pathogenic microbes in the biomaterial, which are one of the most common pathogens of urogenital infections. The analysis can both refute and confirm infection with mycoplasma and ureaplasma, as well as determine the sensitivity of these microorganisms to antibiotics in order to select the most effective treatment strategy and evaluate its effectiveness. The study may be prescribed to determine the causes of inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system, which are chronic, as well as during the differential diagnosis of diseases that have similar symptoms. It is also part of the preventive examination. Indications for analysis are signs of mycoplasma or ureaplasma infection, in particular, symptoms of the inflammatory process of the genitourinary system and casual sex. The study can be prescribed to spouses when planning a pregnancy, as well as to women in the event of an ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage, in diagnosing the causes of infertility. Also, the analysis is a means of monitoring the effectiveness of ongoing antibiotic therapy.
LHC sowing on ureaplasma is one of the types of quantitative microbiological research that reveals the amount of one of the most common pathogens of the urogenital tract in samples of biological material from patients.
LHC sowing on ureaplasma and mycoplasma can refute or confirm the presence of a disease in the body, as well as determine the level of sensitivity of these microorganisms to antibiotics. This allows the doctor to choose the most effective method of treatment for the patient.
Sowing on ureaplasma urealiticum is also prescribed to clarify the causes of the development of inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system in the body in a chronic form, as well as to diagnose diseases with similar symptoms.
Indications for the delivery of crops for mycoplasma genitalium, ureaplasma urealiticum and parvum
The main reasons for undergoing such a bacteriological examination are:
- promiscuity, the safety of which you are not sure;
- inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system in acute or chronic form;
- pregnancy planning;
- the need to diagnose the causes of infertility in men and women.
Normally, one day before taking a sample of biological material for ureaplasma, sowing in our center should be refrained from sexual intercourse, as well as from undergoing colposcopy or ultrasound of the cervical canal using a vaginal sensor.
Before passing urine, it is undesirable to urinate for 2-3 hours. The restriction on the delivery of a cultural smear of the urethra for Mycoplasma hominis is valid during menstruation. You can find out the price of sowing for ureaplasma with the determination of the titer from our employees at the phone number indicated on the center's website.
Preparation rules
GENERAL RULES OF PREPARATION FOR THE STUDY OF UROGENITAL SMARS IN WOMEN
A day before taking the biomaterial, refrain from sexual intercourse. Studies can be carried out before or not earlier than one day after manual examination, colposcopy, ultrasound examination using a vaginal probe.
It is recommended not to urinate for 2-3 hours before receiving the biomaterial from the urethra. The study of the detachable urogenital tract is not carried out during menstruation. Re-examination is possible no earlier than a week later.
GENERAL RULES OF PREPARATION FOR THE STUDY OF UROGENITAL SMABS IN MEN
It is necessary to refrain from sexual intercourse for 2-3 days before the study. It is recommended not to urinate for 2-3 hours before the examination. Re-examination is possible no earlier than a week later.
Doctors still prescribe a less modern bacterial culture for mycoplasma and ureaplasma. What is its advantage and how is this analysis carried out?
Types of ureaplasma in women and men
Ureaplasma (Ureaplasma) belongs to the class Mollicutes and is currently represented by 14 species. Initially, this organism was attributed to mycoplasmas and only relatively recently began to be isolated into an independent class.
Most of them do not pose any threat to humans.
There are only two exceptions:
- Ureaplasma parvum It is more common in men and rare in women. Can lead to the development of inflammation of the genital organs.
- or Ureaplasma T960- occurs most often in women, although it can also occur in men. By itself, the disease rarely causes, but it can provoke the development of complications of other sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia or trichomoniasis.
All ureaplasmas are opportunistic bacterial species. That is, normally they can be in 50-80% of healthy men and women. However, if immunity and the balance of normal microflora are disturbed, they can provoke the occurrence of pathologies.
What is ureaplasmosis?
Where does ureaplasma come from in women and men?
They are capable of entering the vagina and urethra during any sexual contact with a carrier of the microorganism. However, due to the fact that these bacteria live there and are normal, they do not belong to sexual infections. But where does ureaplasmosis come from then?
This diagnosis can be made in three cases:
- When all symptoms of inflammation are present, however, in addition to ureaplasma, no other types of pathogens were found in a woman's or a man's smear.
- During the preparation or course of pregnancy when the analysis detects the number of bacteria more than 10 4 CFU / ml. In this case, the diagnosis - ureaplasmosis can be made even in the absence of clinical symptoms.
- When ureaplasma is found in the seminal fluid of men with a comprehensive examination for infertility.
In all these cases, the patient needs treatment.
In other situations, especially in the absence of symptoms of inflammation and complaints from the patient, treatment is not carried out.
Sowing on ureaplasma: why is it done?
What is ureaplasma culture for, and which doctor prescribes it?
This analysis is necessary, first of all, in the case of:
- Planned preparation for pregnancy.
- With doubtful results, when additional confirmation is required.
- In the presence of nonspecific microflora in the genital area.
- For infertility that is not treatable and for which there are no other apparent causes.
- With a large number of leukocytes in smears.
In addition, an analysis for ureaplasma is prescribed for symptoms of inflammation. Or if you suspect other sexually transmitted infections, with which it can often be combined. A urologist, andrologist or gynecologist can direct you to this study.
Bacterial seeding for ureaplasma has differences from other types of tests. Compared to PCR analysis, it is less sensitive and takes longer to get results. However, before modern methods of analysis for infections, sowing ureaplasma has one indisputable advantage. It can be used to determine the resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs.
Sowing with the determination of sensitivity to antibiotics in ureaplasma allows the doctor to choose the most effective antibiotic. This, in turn, will make the course of treatment shorter and more effective.
To determine the conditionally pathogenic microorganism Ureaplasma, sowing on ureaplasma is taken with the determination of sensitivity to antibiotics. This is a highly informative analysis that allows you to select the appropriate antibiotic for treatment, but the result of this study must be evaluated in conjunction with the results of a comprehensive examination.
In medicine, several varieties of this pathogen are distinguished, but Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealiticum are considered the most dangerous for human health, since they affect the genitourinary system of the body, and in some cases are based in lung tissues.
Infection can only be determined with the help of a laboratory test, at the moment, modern research methods can detect the presence of an infection, as well as its amount. The method of treatment is subsequently determined from the amount of the pathogen, if the norm is not exceeded, then therapy is carried out by means of immunomodulatory drugs.
(urealytivum, parvum) can be transmitted sexually and through household contact. Causes inflammatory processes that can lead to serious consequences, such as:
- termination of pregnancy (miscarriage);
- pyelonephritis.
Note that ureaplasma parvum is a type of urealiticum, therefore, in medicine, the same drugs are used to treat them.
Tank sowing on ureaplasma is mainly carried out to diagnose the infection itself, and a clinical blood test is necessary to detect the body's antibodies to the pathogen. In addition to sowing, as a rule, a study is carried out for sensitivity to antibiotics. The antibiogram determines how antibacterial drugs affect certain microorganisms. This procedure is necessary because antibiotics are used very often, and many bacteria have adapted to the drugs. With the help of this study, you can check the sensitivity of microbes to all antibiotics.
In order for the results of the analysis for ureaplasmosis to be accurate, the biological material is taken only under sterile conditions. The test material for women can be a smear from the vagina and cervix, for men - a smear from the urethra, urine is also cultured for ureaplasma.
For further treatment, the agent that inhibits ureaplasma to a greater extent is determined.
Analysis results
When the number of colony-forming units is more than 104, then the result is positive, and this indicates the development of an infectious process in the internal genital organs.
Note that sometimes the results of the analysis are not correct, since the ureaplasmas in the body may be in a state of persistence, that is, microorganisms do not multiply. This can happen if there has been inadequate treatment with antibacterial drugs. In this regard, doctors do not recommend before the results of the analysis are received. In addition, after antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to undergo control tests at least 3 times with breaks of 1 month. It is especially important for women to do this, as they are at risk.
The decoding of the analysis is complex. Before making a diagnosis, the attending physician is also based on what type of pathogen is found, what is its quantity, what is the level of development of the inflammatory process in the urogenital tract. Data of survey of the sick person and tool researches are important for the doctor. And for effective treatment, antibioticogram indicators are additionally taken into account.
Thus, when ureaplasma is found in the body, it is imperative to start treatment, otherwise there is a risk of getting a chronic form of ureaplasmosis, which in turn can seriously harm health. And for proper and effective treatment, it is better to take tests for the sensitivity of the microbe to antibiotics.
Doctors call ureaplasma microorganisms that are the causative agents of some infectious diseases of the urogenital tract and respiratory tract. Ureaplasma is a subspecies of mycoplasma, so doctors, when prescribing a culture for ureaplasma, usually do an analysis for mycoplasma too.
What is ureaplasmosis
Ureaplasmosis is a disease that is most often asymptomatic, both in men and women. An important role in increasing the number of ureaplasma in the body is played by the general immune state of the body. So, stress and nervous tension can provoke the development of the disease, which in the future will lead to serious complications - endometritis, adnexitis and other inflammation of the uterus in women, non-gonococcal urethritis in men. Ureaplasma is especially dangerous in pregnant women in the amniotic fluid, since in this case the fetus can be infected through the eyes or the digestive tract.
Modern medicine has enough tools to diagnose ureaplasmosis in the early stages. However, it is important to do sowing on ureaplasma and mycoplasma in time, especially for women planning a pregnancy.
What is such a crop, how to take it, and what indicators can be considered normal?
Tank seeding for ureaplasma - what is it
Bacteriological culture or, as it is also called, a cultural study for ureaplasma is an analysis during which a certain amount of biological material is taken from the patient, which is then placed in a special nutrient medium. During the study, doctors determine the amount of ureaplasma and mycoplasma per 1 ml of biological fluid donated, and also check which antibiotics this type of organism is sensitive to.
Indications for analysis
An analysis for ureaplasma is prescribed in the following cases:
- Detection of the inflammatory process of the urogenital tract or the study of the causes of chronic inflammation;
- Frequent change of sexual partners and lack of contraception;
- The presence of an ectopic pregnancy;
- When planning a pregnancy;
- As a preventive measure.
Conducting an analysis
Unlike blood tests, the requirements for a patient to take an analysis for ureaplasma are not so strict. Scraping of the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract is taken as biological material, not less than 3-4 hours after urination, and not less than a day after the last sexual intercourse. In women, a tank analysis can only be carried out between menstruation, while scraping is taken from the inner walls of the vagina. In men, scraping is done from the urethra, and the ejaculate is also examined.
After collecting the material for research, it is placed in a transport bottle, and then directly into the nutrient medium. Then, within 3 days, the tank for ureaplasma and mycoplasma is observed. At the end of the term, doctors evaluate what has grown from the nutrient medium, identify microorganisms and identify their number.
What determines sowing
Patients often ask doctors where they got ureaplasma or other microorganisms? In fact, they are always present on the mucous membranes, but they do not cause inflammatory processes. Problems begin when the immune system weakens or in case of infection with another sexual infection. Then the permeability of the mucous membranes increases, pathogenic microorganisms penetrate inside, begin to actively develop, thereby causing various diseases.
That is, sowing on ureaplasma and mycoplasma shows the number of these microorganisms, and it is this figure that is the most important in the course of the study. To date, it is not possible to cure the carriage of ureaplasma, however, all the inflammations that it causes are subject to mandatory treatment.
Modern diagnostic methods allow you to identify the exact amount of ureaplasma, determine its type, and sensitivity to drugs.
Analysis results - norm and deviations
As noted above, the inflammatory processes caused by ureaplasma can proceed unnoticed by a person, so it is important to identify exactly the number of microorganisms in order to know for sure whether there is a disease or not.
The norm of ureaplasma in a healthy person should not be higher than 10 4 CFU per 1 ml. Exceeding this indicator indicates the onset of inflammatory processes. However, many doctors consider this seeding rate for ureaplasma relative, and basically resort to analysis only to confirm their own suspicions identified during the examination.
One of the most reliable diagnostic methods is seeding on ureaplasma.
The test allows you to identify in women and men a bacterial infection that secretly occurs in the genitourinary system. The biomaterial for the seeding tank for ureaplasma is collected under sterile conditions.
The sampling is carried out by a qualified medical worker. Only under these conditions can the presence or absence of infection be accurately determined.
Having multiplied, the microorganism becomes the cause of the disease - ureaplasmosis, leading to infertility, miscarriage, premature birth. Ureaplasmosis is sexually transmitted and is detected by polymerase chain reaction.
Ureaplasma can be detected even in a perfectly healthy person. Most often, like any conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, ureaplasma behaves “quietly” and for the time being does not manifest itself in any way.
If for some reason microorganisms begin to multiply rapidly, then the following symptoms appear:
- inflammation of the uterus and ovaries begins;
- blood appears in the urine, the urine becomes cloudy, other signs of cystitis appear;
- men begin urethritis;
- pregnant women begin preterm labor activity.
Seeding is an informational diagnostic method.
Bakposev on ureaplasma is carried out with:
- infertility;
- pregnancy planning (the biomaterial is taken from the husband and wife);
- after an ectopic pregnancy;
- after a miscarriage.
Tank sowing on ureaplasma is done no earlier than 2 weeks after the abolition of antibiotics.
Culture is the main way to diagnose ureaplasmosis. To identify the pathogen, the discharge of the vulva, urethra is examined, a smear is taken from the cervix, the vestibule of the vagina.
Men additionally take urine for sowing. Ureaplasma is less common in women.
Due to the peculiarities of human anatomy, chlamydia is more likely to settle in the female genitourinary organs, and ureaplasma in the male. Because of this, in women, simultaneously with sowing on ureaplasma, sowing on chlamydia is carried out.
Advantages of sowing on ureaplasma:
- makes it possible to determine the causes of the inflammatory process in the organs of the genitourinary system;
- allows you to separate diseases with similar symptoms - chlamydia, gonorrhea and mycoplasma infection;
- used for prevention;
- allows you to test microorganisms for sensitivity to antibiotics.
The main disadvantage of sowing on ureaplasma as a diagnostic method is the long period of sowing bacteria.
In modern bacterial laboratories, ureaplasma is no longer diagnosed by sowing, but by the polymerase chain reaction method, examining urogenital scrapings.
Modern techniques allow you to determine not only the presence of bacteria in the body, but also immediately calculate their number.
If the norm is exceeded, antibiotic therapy is carried out. If the number of bacteria in the body meets the standard, then only immunomodulatory treatment is prescribed.
Rules for the delivery of biomaterial for sowing
The patient needs to know how to donate biomaterial for sowing on ureaplasma. A little preparation is required before the procedure.
At least a day before the visit to the hospital, they do not have sex, do not use drugs that can affect the composition of the microflora (antibiotics, antifungals, antiseptics).
Urine and a smear for ureaplasma are taken for prevention purposes to prevent the development of diseases and to diagnose an already developed disease. After completion of treatment, a second test is done.
Biomaterial for ureaplasma in men is taken once, in women, sowing is done three times with an interval of 30 days.
In other words, a man will have to come to a medical institution to donate biomaterial only once, and a woman will have to come three times. Ladies donate biomaterial at least a week after the end of menstruation.
In men, scrapings are taken from the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract. Scraping can be taken no earlier than 3 hours after the last urination.
For sowing on ureaplasma, men can also take sperm. In women, the material for sowing is taken from the urethra, cervical canal and vaginal fornix.
The discharge and urine are placed in a container with a transport mixture and delivered to the bacteriological laboratory as quickly as possible.
In the laboratory, the material handed over by the patient for bakposev is placed on nutrient compositions poured into Petri dishes and placed in a thermostat - an apparatus in which the temperature of the human body is artificially maintained.
Microorganisms, finding the nutrient medium and optimal temperature necessary for growth and reproduction, begin to multiply rapidly, forming colonies that can be examined under a microscope and determine which flora inhabits the patient's urinary organs and whether they contain ureaplasma.
For sowing on mycoplasma and ureaplasma - a comprehensive study that allows you to diagnose two pathogens of inflammation at once, more biomaterial is required.
Sowing on ureaplasma and mycoplasma reveals co-infection with mycoplasma and ureaplasma.
Both microorganisms are conditionally pathogenic and are considered dangerous only when they begin to prevail over the normal microflora, consisting of bifidus and lactobacilli.
When the norm of ureaplasma and mycoplasma in the genitourinary organs is exceeded, the inflammatory process begins, therefore, urine and discharge cultures for the detection of microorganisms are carried out not only for diagnosis, but also for prevention.
Sowing allows you to detect an outbreak of the pathogen in time - even before inflammation begins in the tissue.
Therapy and prevention
Modern methods make it possible to establish the type of ureaplasma DNA and to identify the degree of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.
The normal level of ureaplasma in the genitourinary tract does not exceed 10 * 4 CFU per 1 ml of biomaterial. With such indicators, the inflammatory process does not develop - a person is only a carrier of bacteria.
Exceeding the indicator indicates the presence of an inflammatory process that has developed as a result of ureaplasma infection.
Seeding is not the ultimate truth, as it can give a false negative result.
Bacteria are not detected in the persistent phase due to the fact that at this time they are not able to develop in nutrient formulations.
Sowing will be useless in the treatment of ureaplasmosis with antibiotics, since the bacteria at this time are in the depths of the epithelium and do not enter the biomaterial.
Patients with identified chlamydia and ureaplasmosis occurring simultaneously are prescribed drug therapy. After the cure for chlamydia, ureaplasmosis spontaneously fades.
For a thorough diagnosis and therapy of ureaplasmosis, chlamydia and mycoplasmosis, a drug sensitivity test is performed during seeding using a test device and the number of pathogens is counted with titer determination.
Resistance to antibiotic drugs is denoted by the letters ACh. During the study, sensitivity to at least 12 antibiotic drugs is determined.
After receiving data from the bacteriological laboratory, the urologist or gynecologist will know exactly which medicines to use for treatment.
If the result of the study is positive, then all the sexual partners of the patient will have to be treated. Treatment of ureaplasmosis consists in taking antibiotics for 14 days.
Antibiotics are prescribed by a doctor. The specialist can prescribe treatment only after familiarizing himself with the result of the microbial resistance test.
Simultaneously with antibacterial treatment, therapy with immunity regulators and the infusion of drugs into the urethra are carried out.
Facilitates the patient's condition physiotherapy. Men with prostatitis are prescribed gland massage. During treatment, the patient needs to exclude alcohol and sit on a light diet.
After completion of treatment, a control seeding on ureaplasma is carried out several times in order to detect relapses.
Treatment for ureaplasmosis can affect the functioning of the liver, therefore, after the end of antibiotics, a competent specialist prescribes a course of hepatoprotectors and B vitamins. Preparations to restore microflora will not be superfluous.
Now you know in detail how ureaplasma cultures are done and what this study is used for.