ATV and ATV differences. What is the difference between a quad bike and a quad bike? What is a quad bike

In connection with the introduction of new additional categories of driver's licenses, drivers began to have a lot of questions about what mode of transport they are entitled to drive. Most of all, this question touched on categories B and B1, and there is also a very acute question of what is the difference between a quadricycle and an ATV. Today we will try to explain the differences, and you will also find out what rights are needed for a particular type of transport.

To understand the difference between these vehicles, you need to understand what they are. Despite the similarity in name, they have completely different meanings. A quad bike is a motorcycle technique that has all the controls, as on a conventional motorcycle. The only difference is the presence of 4 wheels, as well as some restrictions associated with their use on public roads.

ATVs are designed for off-road, which means they have found distribution among hunters and fans of extreme sports. As a rule, the driver is located in a special saddle, and the accelerator, clutch, and, accordingly, the brakes are controlled on the steering wheel. Also, it completely lacks a salon, and the number of seats does not exceed two, including the driver.

The steering wheel of the ATV is also a motorcycle and is presented in the form of a pipe, for which the driver holds on to both ends. Based on all this, we can conclude that the ATV belongs to motorcycles, and also requires a driver's license of category A1.

What is a quadricycle

Now we need to talk about what a quadricycle is. Outwardly, you can find some similarities, which are expressed in the same compact size and the presence of four wheels of a small radius. The rest is the complete opposite.

Landing at the helm of this type of transport is carried out in the same way as on a car - these are seats located at a right angle. In addition, there can be four or two such seats, which already implies some kind of interior. Most species have a primitive roof, but no doors, which makes it easier to board a small quad bike.

The accelerator, clutch and brake system are controlled by pedals located in the lower part of the cabin. Pressing them involves using the legs. In addition, the steering is the same as in a car and a steering wheel is mandatory.

Gear shifting is carried out by a special lever, the same as on a car, which already eliminates the question of having the necessary gearbox.

For quadricycles there are also restrictions on movement on public roads.. This is due to their low speed of movement, as well as the lack of necessary security systems. They have found wide application in organizations that have huge areas and require economical transport for the movement of personnel.

We felt it necessary to mention another vehicle that has a similar name. Perhaps this is a hybrid of a motorcycle and a car - a tricycle. It differs from all the others in the presence of only three wheels.

The front wheel is not driven and is rotated using a motorcycle steering wheel, on which some controls are located. Landing on a tricycle is carried out in the same way as on a car - in a special seat, however, there are some subspecies that have a special saddle, like on a motorcycle.

The rear part is the same as on a car - two wheels located on the same axle and are driving. The design speed of the tricycle is no more than 50 kilometers per hour, however, unlike their predecessors, they are allowed to travel on public roads, and registration takes place on a par with other cars and motorcycles.

Surely, you are already familiar with such a vehicle as an ATV ... It turns out that ordinary driver's licenses are not suitable for driving it. And you will find out which ones are suitable below. We will also talk about different types of ATVs and even mention snowmobiles.
But we will begin our excursion with a new category of vehicles "B1" - tricycles and quadricycles. These names, unlike "quad bikes", are not yet well known to us and it is extremely difficult to meet such vehicles on Russian roads.
In fact, many believe that the category "B1" allows you to drive a car with an automatic transmission. But no, this is a completely new category of transport unknown to us until recently. Although, of course, everything is relative. It’s just that the previously existing similar transport was assigned to other categories.
What is a quadricycle and a tricycle?
Quadricycles are four-wheeled motor vehicles (tricycles - three-wheeled), designed for use on public roads and subject to registration with the traffic police in a general manner.
An example of a quadricycle is the Soviet motorized carriage SZM-S3D "Invalidka". Some of you may remember this "misunderstanding" of Soviet engineering with a rattling motorcycle engine.
Tricycles are very common in Asian countries as a cargo-passenger three-wheeled motorcycle transport (our analogue is the Ant scooter).

But a three-wheeled motorcycle can only be seen in large cities, and then if you really try. It’s just that such tricycles are found only among motorcycle aesthetes or handy kulibins.
By the way, large quadricycles are quite often called the Road ATV, and in the West they are abbreviated as GG-Quad, also Moto Quad, Quad Bikes, etc.
Any of you, if you wish, can easily get at least a tricycle ... A flurry of enthusiastic and curious looks on the road is guaranteed!
Undoubtedly, modern three-wheeled vehicles look very impressive, but this miracle costs ... almost like a full-fledged car. Also, according to one of the owners, unlike two-wheeled motorcycles, you will have to stand in traffic jams on such a device at least as often as on a car, while comfort will be much less. Especially in inclement weather.
Roughly speaking, quadricycles are either three- or four-wheeled motorcycles, or mini cars, which require the same documents as a car or motorcycle. When buying such a vehicle, a Vehicle Passport (PTS) is attached.
What category of rights is needed to drive a quadricycle and a tricycle?
Since November 5, 2013, a new category "B1" has appeared in the driver's license - tricycles and quadricycles.
We also recall that the subcategory "B1" is affixed automatically when exchanging old-style rights with the open category "B". In other cases, the category "B1" will have to study and take the exam additionally.
This is of course all true, but there are some important nuances in determining the category of driver's license required to drive such vehicles ...
Let's try to figure it out.
What is the difference between categories "M" - moped, "A" - moto and "B1" - three-quads?
According to the SDA, tricycles are equated to motorcycles, as well as quadricycles with a motorcycle landing or a motorcycle-type steering wheel, having an unloaded mass not exceeding 400 kg (or 550 kg for vehicles intended for the transport of goods) ... and a maximum effective engine power not exceeding 15 kW.
It turns out that if the mass of your quadricycle (tricycle) is less than 400 kg and the engine power is less than 15 kW (20 hp), then according to the current traffic rules it is a motorcycle and to control such vehicles. A license with category "A" is required.
With an unloaded mass of such a t.s. more than 400 kg, the driver must have a license with an open subcategory "B1".
And owners of light tricycles and quadricycles (with an engine capacity of not more than 50 cubic centimeters) must have a license with category “M” - a moped, or have any other open category of a driver's license.
Separately, the category “B1” (tricycles and quadricycles) or “M” (moped) is not yet realistic due to the lack of a new program for taking exams in the traffic police for obtaining rights.
ATV and snowmobile rights
ATVs are off-road four-wheeled motor vehicles (all-terrain vehicles, snow and swamp vehicles) with a motorcycle seat and a motorcycle-type steering wheel, designed for driving off public roads.

The main document of an ATV is the Passport of a self-propelled machine (PSM). Similar passports are also issued for tractors and other construction equipment, so an ATV can be safely called a mini tractor.
It is necessary to register ATVs (as well as ATVs, snow and swamp vehicles and even snowmobiles) with the Gostekhnadzor bodies and to drive them you must have the rights of a tractor driver.
To be more precise: the certificate of a tractor driver (tractor driver) of category "A1" - off-road motor vehicles.
And to register a "quad bike", the owner has no more than 10 days from the date of its purchase; (- or before the expiration of the registration marks "Transit"). These registration periods apply to any motor vehicles and they are determined by paragraph 1 of the "Basic Provisions for the Admission of Vehicles for Operation ...". By the way, such vehicles are also required to pass inspection.
How to get a license for an ATV (snowmobile)?
A tractor driver's license for the category "A1" can be obtained from the age of 16. To be admitted to the exam, you need to obtain a medical certificate with a permit to drive tractors (self-propelled machines) and prepare for a qualification exam, which is conducted by employees of the Gostekhnadzor bodies.
You can prepare for the category "A1" in the appropriate educational institution, for example, in our driving school "Airport".
The exam for obtaining the rights of a tractor driver-machinist consists of theory and practice. The theory is accepted on tickets approved by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, and the practice takes place in two stages at a closed area (tractor track).
You can get to the practical part of the exam only after successfully passing the theory. Passed theory exam is valid for 3 months. If this deadline is missed, then before admission to the practical part, it will be necessary to successfully pass the theory again.
At the first practical stage, you need to perform the exercises:
start of movement from a place on the rise;
U-turn with a limited width of the territory with a one-time transmission;
setting a self-propelled machine into the box in reverse;
aggregation of a self-propelled machine with a trailer (trailer machine);
braking and stopping at various speeds, including an emergency stop;
The second stage of the practical exam is taken on a special route in the conditions of the actual functioning of a self-propelled machine.
Repeated examinations are appointed not earlier than in 7 days. But if 3 times in a row you do not pass the practice, then at the next (4th) attempt, documents on additional training will be required from you.
Finally, it is worth recalling that, according to the current traffic rules, both quadricycles and quad bikes are classified as motor vehicles. This means that, according to clause 2.1 of the SDA, their drivers are required to carry and pass on to the police (traffic police) the documents prescribed by law for verification. There is a penalty for not having the required documents.
If the vehicle is not registered in the prescribed manner and the driver cannot confirm the ownership of such equipment, then it is subject to detention (placement in a parking lot).

Now manufacturers produce a wide variety of motor vehicles, the range of which can stun even an experienced driver. For example, many buyers do not know the difference between an ATV and a quad bike. Despite the similarity of the name, these are completely different cars.

In fact, an ATV is a four-wheeled motorcycle with a number of individual features. The list of distinguishing features of the technique includes:

• The ATV pedals are used only for shifting gears.
• The device is equipped with a motorcycle steering wheel.
• The car has no interior, only a seat.
• For control, use the throttle and brakes located on the steering wheel.
• An A1 category license is required to drive an ATV.

One of the main differences between a quadricycle and an ATV is the design. The first one looks more like a miniature car or buggy, while the second one looks like a small tractor.

Varieties of ATVs

There are three types of ATVs: utility, sports and tourist. Each device is designed for specific tasks.

Varieties:

• utility devices. This is a universal technique that is used for outdoor activities and work. Utilitarians can carry or tow cargo, drive through rough terrain, sand, snow and wetlands.
• Sports. Racing vehicles allow you to develop high speed (more than 100 km / h). Cars do not differ in special cross-country ability and carrying capacity.
• Tourist ATVs. This is a comfortable vehicle designed for long trips. Tourist vehicles are not very fast, but they can drive almost anywhere.

The difference between a quad bike and a quad bike lies in the purpose. The first device is a workhorse, and the second is a comfortable transport.

A quadricycle is a technique that does not belong to any of the categories of transport. In fact, this is a cross between an ATV and a car. You can recognize a quadricycle by the following features:

• Control pedals. The difference between a quad bike and a quad bike is the way it is handled. In the first case, the gas and brake handle is used, and in the second, the pedals.
• Steering wheel. A regular car steering wheel is installed on the quadricycle.
• Body. Another difference between a quadricycle and an ATV is the similarity of an automobile body. The design is quite simple, but can protect the driver and passenger from rain and mud. The cars have a primitive roof but no doors.
• Comfortable salon. In the quadricycle, as in the car, there are comfortable seats or a sofa.
• Purpose. The device is used for driving on public roads. The machine cannot drive through mud or rough terrain.
• Rights. To manage transport, you must pass the category "B" or "B1".

Due to the quality of the roads, this technique is rare in Russia. But in Europe, quadricycles are very popular. There are two types of machines:

• Lungs. These are machines equipped with a 50 cc engine. The maximum speed of the technician is 45 km/h.
• Large. On such devices, a motor with a volume of more than 50 cc is installed. These cars are more like smart cars.

What is the difference between a quadricycle and an ATV can be determined even with the naked eye. The appearance of miniature cars hints at their low throughput and power.

Difference between tricycle and quad

Children can be pleased with a tricycle, and adults with a stylish tricycle. This futuristic vehicle is a cross between a car and a motorcycle. But the main feature of the technique is the presence of three wheels. What is similar in an ATV and a tricycle?

• Motorcycle wheel.
• Location of controls. Both cars have gas and brakes on the steering wheel.
• Saddle. The seat of an ATV and a tricycle are identical. Of course, there are exceptions, but they depend on the imagination of designers.

A tricycle differs from an all-terrain vehicle in a number of ways:

• rights. For a four-wheeler, category “A1” is required, and for a three-wheeler, “B” or “B1”.
• Patency. The all-terrain vehicle is designed for driving on difficult routes, and the tricycle is designed for walking and relaxing. A three-wheeled vehicle will not travel over rough terrain or mud.
• Maximum speed. In the development of all-terrain vehicles, emphasis is placed on cross-country ability, and in the production of tricycles on speed. Particularly powerful tricycles are capable of accelerating up to 200 km / h.

The main difference between an ATV and a quadricycle with a tricycle is the use of equipment on public roads. There are some restrictions for a four-wheeled all-terrain vehicle, but its brethren do not have them.

What to choose?

Having understood the differences between an ATV and a quadricycle with a tricycle, we can say for sure that the technique is completely different. Each device has its own strengths and weaknesses, so the choice of machine depends on the needs.

For lovers of speed and drive, who prefer racing tracks and common roads, a tricycle is suitable. The device will give the necessary adrenaline and energy boost. Despite its size, the speed of the technique is not inferior to many sports motorcycles.

Fans of a calm and measured ride, who do not chase speed, should pay attention to a quadricycle. Compact and maneuverable equipment will perfectly fit into city traffic and will allow you to drive almost anywhere. A tangible advantage of the car is a semblance of a roof that will protect the driver from dust and light rain.

To understand what a quadricycle and an ATV are, one glance at the technique is enough. The appearance of the ATV hints at off-road driving and high power. An ATV is a real workhorse, with which you can not only transport cargo, but also go fishing. The only drawback of the technology is the restriction on the use of ATVs on public roads. But given the patency of the car, this will not be a problem.

Despite the similarity in names, there is a huge difference between a quad bike and a quad bike. Before purchasing one of the two vehicles, it is necessary to understand in detail their differences.

A quad bike is a special type of motorized transport that goes through any off-road. It looks like a motorcycle, only the number of wheels differs. A quad bike has 4 wheels, this is its main similarity with a quad bike. The main differences are as follows:

• The steering wheel of such a vehicle resembles the steering wheel of a motorcycle.
• The body is missing. By driving a quad bike you can feel all weather conditions.
• The ATV has no cabin, the seat is like a motorcycle.
• Management, too, like his two-wheeled brother. The gas is on the steering wheel, as is the brake.
• It is difficult to find pedals on four-wheeled vehicles, and if they are, they serve to change gears.
• The license required to drive an ATV is different from the license required to operate an ATV.

Vehicle modifications

When choosing an ATV, it is necessary to take into account the types of transport, of which there are only three:

• Utility. They have large wheels, huge weight and four-wheel drive. Such ATVs can pass any obstacles in the form of dirt, off-road and mountain climbs.
• Sports. It has a lighter body, picks up high speed and is equipped with various technologies to keep the athlete healthy.
• Tourist. Such a vehicle can move on any surface, mud, snow, water, there is no difference. It travels at low speed and is great for tourists.

Children's ATV

Before buying an ATV for a child, it is necessary to study the safety rules in detail and clearly convey them to the future owner. Driving an ATV is allowed only if you are 16 years old and have a license of a certain category, but riding in parks and paths reserved specifically for children is possible.

Before buying a four-wheeled motorcycle, you need to consult with a specialist and choose an individual ATV for the age, height and weight of the child. The wrong choice of motor vehicle can lead to serious problems.

What's the difference in a quadricycle

A quadricycle is a vehicle that does not belong to any of the categories. It cannot be called a motorcycle or a car, it is in itself. The difference from ATV are as follows:

• The steering wheel is like a car, in the form of a steering wheel.
• There is a small box. It doesn't look like a machine, but it can hold the rain.
• Pedals are used for control. There are three of them, brake, gas and clutch.
• There is a salon and comfortable soft seats with backs.
• Designed for driving on public roads.

Now you can understand what a quadricycle is and how it differs from an ATV. More comfortable conditions and ease of obtaining rights attract transport buyers.

In Russia, the use of this kind of equipment is rare, which cannot be said about Europe. The use of quadricycles has become commonplace. In European countries, this four-wheeled vehicle is more like a car. If in the Russian Federation a conventional frame is used as a body, then in Europe it is difficult to distinguish a body from a car body.

In European countries, quadricycles are divided into two types:

• Lungs. The engine capacity is not more than 50 cubic centimeters, the maximum speed is 45 kilometers per hour, the largest weight is 350 kilograms. They are called L6e.
• Heavy. The standards of such quadricycles correspond to their standards in the Russian Federation. They are called L5e.

Previously, to drive a quadricycle, as well as a moped, rights were not needed. Now a law has been passed on the need to obtain the rights of category "M" for driving a quadricycle.

Conclusion

Having decided to buy a four-wheeled friend for yourself, you need to decide on the purpose of the purchase and figure out what is the difference between an ATV and a quadricycle. Choose the most suitable option and enjoy riding a new vehicle.

The greatest number of incomprehensibility associated with vehicle categories relates to quadricycles and tricycles. These two vehicles are subcategories B1, and light quadricycles belong to categories M. But there is another fairly common type of vehicle - ATVs. So, the ATV is not included in any of the categories and subcategories of vehicles established by the law on road safety (.

Let's look at all this in more detail.

Quads

General definitions of quadricycles and technical requirements for them are given in the State Standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 51815-2001 Quadricycles. General technical requirements» (put into effect by the Decree of the State Standard of Russia of October 8, 2001, No. 402-st).

In accordance with the mentioned standard, quadricycles include four-wheeled motor vehicles intended for operation on public roads and having the following characteristics:

• dry weight - not more than 400 kg (550 kg for vehicles intended for the carriage of goods), excluding the mass of batteries in the case of electric vehicles;
• maximum effective power - no more than 15 kW;
• maximum design speed not less than 25 km/h, maximum engine power not more than 15 kW, curb weight not more than 400 kg (550 kg for vehicles intended for the carriage of goods) without battery mass in the case of electric vehicles.

These vehicles belong to subcategory B1.

• dry weight - less than 350 kg, not including the weight of batteries in the case of electric vehicles;
• maximum design speed - no more than 45 km / h;
• engine displacement - no more than 50 cm3 for engines with forced ignition or maximum effective power - no more than 4 kW for engines of other types.

Light quadricycles are classified as M.

A quadricycle is a small car, with pedals, clutch, brakes and gearbox.

To drive a quadricycle and/or light quadricycle, you must have a driving license category B or subcategory B1.

The quadricycle must be registered with the traffic police.