The authors of the bill also propose to prohibit social network users from informing citizens about unauthorized meetings and rallies, disseminate information about uncoordinated events and publish correspondence with other users without their consent. In addition, the bill provides for a ban on the dissemination of any information that promotes national and other intolerance, the use of alcohol and tobacco products, non-traditional sexual relations, and so on, "unless the message is accompanied by a clear condemnation of these materials," the newspaper notes.
Video: RBC
According to Vladimir Petrov, one of the authors of the initiative, deputy of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region, the law should come into force on January 1, 2018. As Petrov noted, social networks will have enough time to bring user agreements in line with it, remove those who are under 14 years old, and collect passport data from the rest.
VKontakte spokesman Yevgeny Krasnikov told RBC that the initiative "looks really unfinished." “At a minimum, it would be worthwhile to legally oblige users of social networks to pass the TRP standards before each entry into their account. Only excellent students and children of deputies of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region are exempted from this duty, ”Krasnikov noted.
“Perhaps this bill was being prepared for April 1st. Today is already the 5th, the news is late, ”Anastasia Zhbanova, a representative of the Odnoklassniki social network, told RBC.
“Only out of a feeling of deepest respect for the deputies of the Leningrad region, we leave your request without comment,” the press service of Mail.Ru Group replied.
Dmitry Marinichev, Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs on the Internet, called the bill "heresy." “What nonsense! It's time to cancel your passport. And they offer us passport data to drive. We are moving into a digital era where registration and authorization must go a different way,” he said.
Commenting on the proposal to ban children under 14 from using social networks, Marinichev said: “It will not work. Yes, this is pointless, because children have a need for socialization. The problem is not solved that way."
“It is possible to adopt such a law, and it will not lead to anything, except for a gap in consciousness between the adequacy of reality and the imposition of regulation, which is not quite natural for people. In fact, this will have an absolutely negative effect on the authorities. There will be public protests. As a result, society will understand that such management is not needed at all and that it can be structured and organized differently,” Marinichev emphasized.
How different countries of the world restrict children's access to the Internet
AT USA Attempts to regulate the access of minors to materials on the Internet have been made since the mid-1990s, but this experience has not always been successful. Often, child protection laws on the Internet were accused of censorship, and subsequently acts already passed by Congress were annulled by the decision of the Constitutional Court.
So, in 1996, the Communications Decency Act was adopted at the federal level, which made it illegal to post “knowingly offensive content” on the Web. As one of the reasons for the adoption of the act, its initiators called the need to limit children's access to unwanted information. However, in the end, the law was declared unconstitutional.
Two years later, the Child Online Protection Act was adopted, according to which the access of minors to any "harmful material" on the Global Web was limited. The court also found the law unconstitutional, noting that it infringes on the rights of adults; the document did not spell out the practice of determining the user's age.
Currently, the US only requires schools and libraries to use special filters to protect children from inappropriate content.
In the countries of the European Union children's access to information on the Internet is not specifically regulated, and any attempt to regulate it leads to accusations of censorship. At the same time, providers are responsible for the security of content. In January 2013, the European Anti-Corruption Center was opened in The Hague. cybercrime, which conducts, among other things, operations against the distribution of child pornography and the sexual exploitation of children on the Internet.
One of the most advanced systems for protecting children from inappropriate content exists In Great Britain. There, in 2013, a law was passed introducing a system of filters for the provider. At the request of the user, access to materials of various categories may be limited. By the beginning of 2014, about 40% of British families with children aged 5 to 15 had used such filters.
A similar system was launched in 2011 in Turkey- there the user can request from the provider various options for filtering materials. However, these systems include not only content dangerous for children, but also various political materials - for example, those related to the activities of the Kurdistan Workers' Party. Despite criticism of this practice, the Turkish authorities also have the right to block resources on the Internet without a court order.
With the participation of Sergei Vitko
The Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region has developed a draft law "On the legal regulation of the activities of social networks." According to Izvestia, it implies a strict procedure for admitting and identifying users who will be required to create pages only under their real name. When registering, you will have to provide passport data. Children under the age of 14 will not be allowed to use social networks at all. Submission of the draft to the State Duma is scheduled for today, April 5.
According to the bill, only those who have reached the age of 14 can be users of the social network. When registering, the owner of the service is obliged to check the passport data of citizens. For violation of this rule, the site owner faces a fine of 100 to 300 thousand rubles. If the user did not report a change in data or deliberately provided false information, he faces a fine of 1 to 3 thousand rubles.
Also, according to the document, it is forbidden to inform citizens about unauthorized rallies and meetings. The dissemination of information about such events will also be banned. And also you can not publish correspondence with other users without their consent.
You can not distribute any information (text, photo, video) that promotes national and other intolerance, the use of alcohol and tobacco products, non-traditional sexual relations, and so on - if the message is not accompanied by a "clear condemnation of these materials," Izvestia continues.
One of the authors of the document, Vladimir Petrov, deputy of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region, explained that the law should come into force on January 1, 2018. Social networks will have time to bring user agreements into line with it, remove those who are not yet 14 years old, and collect passport data from the rest.
Now the situation is difficult: social networks are multimillion-dollar virtual societies that affect the real life of the country. The relevance of the document is confirmed by recent high-profile events - from unauthorized political speeches to terrorist threats. For the sake of public safety, it is necessary to introduce the principle of universal verification of users, this can only be done from the moment a citizen receives a passport - from the age of 14. No one is trying to introduce censorship or restrict freedom of speech. Verification and strict control over the authenticity of names will only increase the price of one's own opinion and virtual communication, - the deputy explained.
In addition, according to Vladimir Petrov, linking an account to a passport will help solve the problem of manipulating public opinion online and destroy all kinds of “communities of trolls” and pranksters.
The explanatory note to the bill states that the publication of photos and videos with the use of alcohol and illegal substances, "in the opinion of a teenager, makes him more authoritative in the eyes of others." The sensational case of Diana Shurygina, who suffered from her drunken peers, shows what consequences this can lead to.
There are also reports of teenagers committing suicide after joining online communities.
I must admit: the Internet has already ceased to be a funny toy, where they send funny pictures about cats. This is a virtual reflection of the state. Attackers often use the Internet and social networks for their own purposes - the good soil allows. The less irresponsible anonymity, the better - you can not give this area at the mercy of molesters, terrorists and criminals. If the document is submitted for consideration by the State Duma, then, I think, with a number of amendments and after extensive discussion with the industry, it has a high chance of approval by the chamber, State Duma deputy Vitaly Milonov told Izvestia.
Presidential adviser German Klymenko said that the bill is still "extremely crude."
I am not a lawyer, but the definition of a social network looks very vague and all resources with communication between registered visitors fall under it. But what to do with the unregistered? Registering under your own name without pseudonyms also raises many questions. It seems to me that it would make sense to discuss the draft law with the industry in advance. There are enough platforms with professional and legal competencies: the Internet Development Institute, the Russian Association for Electronic Communications, the Regional Public Center for Internet Technologies. Otherwise, we can get the effect of the “Yarovaya package” when, due to inaccurately formulated requirements for the volume of traffic storage, an information storm began, - German Klimenko commented.
Director of external communications Rambler & Co (owns the Livejournal blog platform) Matvey Alekseev said that there is no need for such a bill.
Now everything is well regulated. We have SORM (a system of operational-search activities in telecommunications), we have the Criminal and Civil Codes. If the draft becomes law, it will be a blow to domestic projects and social networks. At the same time, the document does not contain restrictions on the use of foreign social networks and blog platforms, - said Matvey Alekseev.
The adoption of the bill may hit the business, he said. Many companies use social media to promote their products and services.
Moscow. April 5. site - The proposal of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region to ban children under 14 from using social networks restricts the freedoms of citizens and can provoke adolescents to aggressive behavior outside the Internet, said Leonid Levin, chairman of the State Duma Committee on Information Policy, Information Technologies and Communications.
"The initiative of the deputies of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region involves a ban on what is already prohibited by law - the dissemination of extremist and health-threatening information, and so on. In addition, many provisions of the bill run counter to decades of domestic and international practice. As presented, the bill restricts the freedoms of citizens and if it is implemented, the rules in the Russian segment of the Internet will be stricter than offline," Levin told reporters on Wednesday.
According to him, the restriction according to which only a person over 14 years old can be a user of the social network deserves special attention.
"This, in fact, contradicts all existing trends in the development of technology, when the Internet is actively "younger". More than 90% of people aged 12-17 go online every day," the head of the committee said.
He believes that "depriving a significant part of teenagers of the opportunity to use accounts on social networks will simply cut off their access to the usual communication tool that they are used to using not only for entertainment purposes, but also for educational purposes."
"A de facto ban on communication will only provoke teens' interest in circumventing bans or aggressive behavior off the Internet," Levin added.
As for the mandatory submission of passport data to social network administrators, the committee chairman notes that the question arises whether the authors of the bill represent the nature and amount of additional costs that will be necessary to ensure the reliability of storing such colossal amounts of information.
"The current antiterrorist legislation already contains quite serious requirements of this kind, which seem to a number of companies and experts even redundant," Levin recalled.
In addition, "numerous fines provided for non-compliance with the rules will encourage people to simply stop using social networks and start using alternative platforms for communication - instant messengers, microblogs and other Internet features," the parliamentarian noted.
"Speaking of any changes in this area, I would draw the attention of colleagues at the fourth media forum of the All-Russian Popular Front held in St. Petersburg, which emphasized that the existing restrictions on the Internet are enough," Levin also said.
Earlier, the Izvestia newspaper reported that the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region had developed a bill "On the legal regulation of the activities of social networks", according to which, when registering, you will have to provide passport data, and children under 14 will be banned from entering social networks altogether.
The Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region has developed a draft law "On the legal regulation of the activities of social networks." It involves a strict procedure for the admission and identification of users who will be required to create pages only under their real name.
When registering, you will have to provide passport data. Children under the age of 14 will not be allowed to use social networks at all. Submission of the draft to the State Duma is scheduled for April 5.
According to the draft law “On the legal regulation of the activities of social networks and on amendments to certain legislative acts” (its text is at the disposal of Izvestia), only a person who has reached the age of 14 can be a user of a social network. When registering, the owner of the service is obliged to check the passport data of Russian and foreign citizens. For violation of this rule, the legal entity - the owner of the site faces a fine of 100 thousand to 300 thousand rubles. If the user did not report a change in data or deliberately provided false information, he faces a fine of 1,000 to 3,000 rubles.
You can create only one page and only under your real name and surname, otherwise a fine will follow: the owner of the site - up to 300 thousand rubles, the user - up to 5 thousand. Users under the age of 18 are prohibited from joining communities where information prohibited for children is posted . Otherwise, parents will have to pay a fine of up to 2 thousand rubles. Selling any goods to minors through social networks will also be punishable by law. In addition, the document assumes a ban on advertising "of an occult-magical nature and smoking mixtures."
It is forbidden to inform citizens about unauthorized meetings and rallies, disseminate information about uncoordinated events and publish correspondence with other users without their consent.
It is forbidden to distribute any information (text, photo, video) that promotes national and other intolerance, the use of alcohol and tobacco products, non-traditional sexual relations, and so on - if the message is not accompanied by a "clear condemnation of these materials."
The explanatory note mentions the resonant case of the kindergarten teacher Yevgenia Chudnovets. She reposted a video of a child being bullied at a children's camp. After that, the perpetrators were punished. But the teacher herself was found guilty of distributing child pornography, although she did the repost in order to draw attention to the situation and find criminals. Subsequently, her sentence was overturned.
One of the authors of the document, Vladimir Petrov, deputy of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region, explained that the law should come into force on January 1, 2018. Social networks will have time to bring user agreements into line with it, remove those who are not yet 14 years old, and collect passport data from the rest in order to change account names if necessary.
- Now the situation is difficult: social networks are multimillion-dollar virtual societies that affect the real life of the country. The relevance of the document is confirmed by recent high-profile events - from unauthorized political speeches to a terrorist threat, - Vladimir Petrov explained. - For the sake of public safety, it is necessary to introduce the principle of universal verification of users, this can only be done from the moment a citizen receives a passport - from the age of 14. No one is trying to introduce censorship or restrict freedom of speech. Verification and strict control over the authenticity of names will only increase the price of your own opinion and virtual communication.
No one is trying to introduce censorship or restrict freedom of speech. Verification and strict control over the authenticity of names will only increase the price of your own opinion and virtual communication.
In addition, the deputy suggested that linking an account to a passport would help solve the problem of manipulating public opinion online and destroy all kinds of “communities of trolls” and pranksters. The explanatory note to the bill states that the publication of photos and videos with the use of alcohol and illegal substances, "in the opinion of a teenager, makes him more authoritative in the eyes of others." The sensational case of Diana Shurygina, who suffered from her drunken peers, shows what consequences this can lead to. - A similar trend is noticeable in Western social networks - their administrations are interested in protecting users from negative and harmful information. They strive to provide as much personal information as possible. I am sure that many countries will follow this path, - said Vladimir Petrov.
There are also reports of teenagers committing suicide after joining online communities. “Insufficient attention from parents, problems at school, unrequited love, fear of the future - make children immerse themselves in the virtual world,” the document says.
“I must admit: the Internet has already ceased to be a funny toy where they send funny pictures about cats,” State Duma deputy Vitaly Milonov told Izvestia. - This is a virtual reflection of the state. Attackers often use the Internet and social networks for their own purposes - the good soil allows. The less irresponsible anonymity, the better - you can not give this area at the mercy of molesters, terrorists and criminals. If the document is submitted for consideration by the State Duma, then, I think, with a number of amendments and after extensive discussion with the industry, it has a high chance of being approved by the chamber.
Presidential adviser German Klymenko said that the bill is still "extremely crude."
- I'm not a lawyer, but the definition of a social network looks very vague and all resources with communication between registered visitors fall under it. But what to do with the unregistered? Registration under one's own name without pseudonyms also raises many questions, - German Klimenko commented. - It seems to me that it would make sense to discuss the draft law with the industry in advance. There are enough platforms with professional and legal competencies: the Internet Development Institute, the Russian Association for Electronic Communications, the Regional Public Center for Internet Technologies. Otherwise, we can get the effect of the “Yarovaya package”, when, due to inaccurately formulated requirements for the amount of traffic storage, an information storm began.
Representatives of Mail.ru Group (which owns the social networks VKontakte and Odnoklassniki) are in solidarity with German Klimenko. In their opinion, the initiative "at first glance, is not sufficiently developed."
- If the bill is submitted for discussion, we will have the opportunity to familiarize ourselves with it, - commented the press service of Mail.ru Group.
Director of external communications Rambler & Co (owns the Livejournal blog platform) Matvey Alekseev said that there is no need for such a bill.
“Now everything is perfectly regulated. We have SORM (a system of operational-search activities in telecommunications. - Izvestia), we have the Criminal and Civil Codes, - Matvey Alekseev recalled. - If the project becomes a law, it will be a blow to domestic projects and social networks. At the same time, the document does not contain restrictions on the use of foreign social networks and blog platforms.
The adoption of the bill may hit the business, says Matvey Alekseev. Many companies use social media to promote their products and services.
Another initiative from the bill is a complete ban on the use of social networks during working hours for public sector employees. The explanatory note states that social networks have “enslaved office workers”: the loss of working time is huge, and employers cannot fight it.
State Duma deputy Vitaly Milonov introduced a bill to ban social networks for children under 14. According to the document, it is proposed to completely prohibit registration if the user is under 14 years old. Another provision of the law states the introduction of a number of prohibitions for other minors.
A new law on social networks called is designed to help cope with the negative influence of peers on each other. In particular, according to the developers of the bill, children from dysfunctional families are a bad role model for the majority, which leads to high mortality among adolescents due to despair, misunderstanding in the family, etc. Milonov and other developers, who are mainly deputies of the Legislative Assembly of the Leningrad Region oblasts propose to completely ban the use of social networks before the age of 14 years.
What changes are they planning to make?
According to the bill "On the legal regulation of the activities of social networks" the following changes are planned in the new law on social networks.
Registration rules. Under 14 registration is closed, after this age only by passport. If the user has not provided reliable data, the owner of the social network has no right to register it.
Other changes concern the provision of a single user the ability to register more than 1 page in a social network. If the user provided false information about himself - false name, age, then he will be fined 3-5 thousand rubles. If the owner of the social network allowed one user to have several accounts, according to the bill, he will be fined 300 thousand rubles.
Age restrictions. As already mentioned, registration under the age of 14 is completely prohibited. But, for the rest of the minors, it is planned to introduce a number of changes in the use of social networks. For other minors, a ban will be imposed on participation in the activities of those communities that distribute information prohibited by law among children:
- Obscene language.
- Information that forms disrespect for parents and the family as a whole.
With repeated use of obscene language, minors will not be able to register in any community, and their parents will be held accountable, in particular, they will be fined 1.5-2 thousand rubles.
According to the bill, it is forbidden to use social networks to organize rallies, marches and other unauthorized gatherings. In particular, minors are prohibited from disseminating such information.
The changes will also affect Opportunities to use social networks during working hours. In particular, employees of the public sector and persons in the civil civil service of the Russian Federation.
According to members of the State Duma committee, the bill may not receive support, since the introduction of such was not agreed with the United Russia party, which Milonov is a member of, or with the committee.
Yevgeny Revenko, a member of the State Duma, expressed his opinion that such an initiative is dangerous. It is designed not to help, but to repel the youth. He spoke about the fact that there are many prohibitions in the law, including propaganda of terrorism, drug addiction and other illegal actions. Instead, he believes, it is necessary for the adult population to “go” to social networks and communicate with the younger generation.
The presidential press secretary also spoke about the bill and its prohibitions. He explained that the Kremlin had not seen the text of the bill. All information and excerpts of the law come from the media, where they are actively discussed. However, the provisions of the bill are not very realistic. To introduce such a provision, developers should consult with the IT industry.
Also, the State Duma expressed concerns about where children under 14 would go? They will start registering in foreign social networks, which is not a plus for the country.
Other State Duma deputies expressed their opinion that such a bill may be appropriate, but its provisions should be brought "to a reasonable level." The majority should participate in the development of regulations, one or two deputies are not enough. Objectivity, in this case, can not be achieved.
New rules for registration in social networks
The adoption of the new law will lead to a number of changes, including changes in the registration rules. The owner of the social network will have to establish the real identity of the user, require his passport data. Registration in social networks with a passport will lead to the ability to control the activities of social networks, reduce mortality among adolescents, as it will be possible to notify loved ones thanks to the identity established during registration.
By law, it is forbidden to register those who have not provided their data, or who are not yet 14 years old. The owner of a social network in case of violation of these requirements faces a fine of up to 300 thousand rubles.
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It should also be noted that German Klimenko, adviser to the president on Internet development, believes that such changes are not made in a short period of time, the provisions of the bill should be discussed with the IT industry.