Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Fokinskaya special (correctional) boarding school for students, pupils with disabilities"
Zonal (interregional) design and research conference,
dedicated to Cosmonautics Day and the 55th anniversary of the first flight
man into space
"A dream is calling us to the stars"
among students from S(C)OU
VIIIviews of the south of the Perm Territory and Udmurtia.Project
"Dictionary of space terms
for kids"
Head - Bussorgina N.P.,
teacher of Russian language
2016
How and when did the theme of this project come about.
slide 1.The school announced a project competition "A dream calls us to the stars." I decided to do a work in which you can show how the topic "Dictionary of space terms for children" is reflected on the Internet
Relevance of the selected project topic due to the fact thatevery year in classes and groups we conduct classes on topics related to space. We are faced with the problem of the lack of space terms in a single source of information.Slide 2.
Problem.
I decided to check if there is a dictionary of words for children united by the theme "Space".
Object of study : Internet resources.
Objective of the project: creating a dictionary of words for children on a space theme.
Method : processing of Internet resources.
Research hypothesis - a dictionary of words united by the theme "Space" exists, its volume is sufficient foranswers to quiz questions for kids, they are enough to create crossword puzzles.Slide 3.
In accordance with the goal and hypothesis, the followinge project tasks :
1) to search for materials on the research topic on the Internet;
2) prove or disprove a hypothesis;
3) expand the range of their knowledge about space and the study of space, get acquainted with the important achievements of mankind in the exploration of outer space;
4) create a dictionary of space terms for children.
Work plan : slide 4.
1. Information search - work with Internet resources.
2. Work with the received information.
3. Conclusion.
4. Design of the project.
5. Protection of the project.
Research progress. Slide 5.
"Water is on the ground, earth is on the whale, the whale is on the water." Our ancestors had such ideas about the structure of the world.
« What is impossible today will be possible tomorrow.” These are the wordsTsiolkovsky - a teacher from Kaluga, a scientist who outlined the path along which humanity went into space.
Years passed, centuries. And a lot has changed. Spaceships and satellites were built, the first manned flight into space and a spacewalk were made, which completely refuted the proverb “They won’t send the earth further”, a man went to the moon, is preparing to explore Mars.
Having some knowledge, I decided to answer the questions of space quizzes on the Internet.slide 6.
Having gone online, I entered the query "Quiz by April 12 for children",« Space quiz for schoolchildren. A lot of websites came up with my requests. I started answering questions. And then I realized that I don't know much. So the idea arose to compile a dictionary of space words for children, which will help answer quiz questions, crossword puzzles, and expand children's knowledge about space.
In order not to do the work that was done before me, I checked the existence of such a dictionary on the Internet. At my request came out:Slide 7.
1. Dictionary of space terms.There are words like , , that is, the words are not children's level.
2. . . . 5. .
I did not find anything specific for children, so I continued to work according to the following plan.slide 8.
1. I wrote down the letters in alphabetical order.
2. I started copying the questions on a separate page under a certain letter.
3. Arranged the words in alphabetical order in each letter.
In my dictionary, in addition to terms, I added other words that can be attributed to the space theme.
So I got this collection of words.
BUT slide 9.
"Apollo" - the name of the American ship with which the first international joint flight took place on July 15, 1975.
Armstrong Neil is the very first person to walk on the surface of the moon, an American.
Asteroid - one of the minor planets (up to 1 thousand km in diameter), the belt of which revolves around the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
Astronomer - a person who observes the starry sky, photographs it, studies the life of stars and planets.
Astronomy The science that studies the heavenly bodies.
Atmosphere - a thick layer of air that envelops our Earth.
B slide 10.
Baikonur - a place in Kazakhstan is the “town of cosmonauts”, from where spaceships take off.
Squirrel - the nickname of one of the experimental dogs that flew into space.
Big Dipper - constellationits seven stars make up a figure resembling a ladle with a handle.This constellation contains the North Star.
Buran - Russian space shuttle.
AT
Venus - the planet, the native "sister" of our Earth. Lives in the second house, counting from the Sun.The sky of Venus is covered with a thick layer of opaque clouds.
coil - one revolution of the satellite around the Earth.
"East" - the name of the spacecraft on which the first astronaut flew.
Universe - a stellar country where there is an uncountable number of stellar cities-galaxies.
G
Yuri Gagarin - the first astronaut in the world.
Galaxy - Star City, where the Sun and planets live. system of and , and , and .
Galileo Galilei - first observed with a telescope in 1610.
Year is the time it takes for the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun.
Humanoid - intelligent humanoid creature from legends and fiction.
D Slide 11.
Airship - controlled aircraft with a lighter-than-air engine.
W
Star - a huge, fireball that radiates light in all directions.
Starship - a spacecraft (spacecraft) capable of moving between star systems.
Earth is the name of our planet.
And
Icarus - the hero of ancient myths, for the first time overcame the force of gravity and flew.
porthole -
To slide 12.
Map - drawing of the starry sky.
"Cedar" - Gagarin's call sign in flight.
Kepler Johann - discovered the laws of planetary motion.
Comet -
Copernicus Nicholas - Polish scientist, the first to prove that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
Korolev Sergey Pavlovich - P renowned Soviet designer of rocket and space technology, academician.
Spaceship - an aircraft on which flights into space are currently being made.
spaceport -
Astronaut - a person who tests space technology in space flight.
Astronautics - the art of traveling the universe
Space - the world of stars and galaxies, synonyms "system, order, peace, universe".
Rabbit - experimental animal used to study the conditions of space flight.
Well - a given direction for a rocket or aircraft.
L slide 13.
Laika - the nickname of the dog - the first four-legged space passenger.
Leonov Alexey - this cosmonaut was the first in the world to go into outer space on March 18, 1965.
Lomonosov Mikhail - Russian scientist, proved the existence of an atmosphere on the planet Venus.
Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth.
Lunokhod - a mechanism controlled by radio and serving to work on the surface of the moon.
M
Mars - "Red Planet", the fourth from the sun.
Mercury - one of the planets of the solar system, closest to the sun.
ISS - international space station.
Milky Way - a galaxy in which the Earth, the solar system and all the individual stars visible to the naked eye are located.
Meteorite A body falling to Earth from interplanetary space.
H
Neptune - eighth and farthestplanet solar system.Neptune is also the fourth in diameter and third in massplanet .
O slide 14.
Cloud - accumulation of water vapor in the atmosphere.
Observatory - a building equipped for astronomical observations.
Olympus - the highest mountain of Mars, a height of about 25 km.
Orbit A closed curve along which one body moves around another.
P
Pythagoras - He was the first to suggest that the Earth was spherical.
Planet is a relatively cold celestial body.
Pluto - the smallest planet in the solar system, the furthest from the sun and the coldest planet in the solar system.
"Go" - the very first word uttered by the first astronaut of the Earth after the launch of the spacecraft.
polar Star is the northernmost star in the Northern Hemisphere.
Ceiling - the maximum height of the rocket, aircraft.
R
Rocket - with a jet engine.
FROM slide 15.
Savitskaya Svetlana - in the world's greatest female astronaut. The world's first female astronaut to go into outer space.
"Salute" - long-term orbital stations.
Saturn - around this planet there are huge rings of pieces of stone, ice, dust.
Sirius - the brightest star in the sky.
suit - a suit that protects the astronaut's body.
constellation - this is a section of the starry sky.
Sun - the nearest star to us.
"Union" - Russian rocket launcher.
Satellite - a celestial body that circles around another body all the time.
Arrow - the name of a dog that traveled into space and returned safely to Earth.
T
Telescope -
Tereshkova Valentina - The first female astronaut.
Titov
Hermann
- an astronaut who made the first daily flight into space in history.
Tunguska
meteorite - the largest celestial body that collided with the earth in the 20th century.
At slide 16.
Uranus - planet The solar system is the seventh in distance from the Sun, the third in diameter and the fourth in mass.
H
"Seagull" - call sign of Valentina Tereshkova in flight.
"Challenger" - American launch vehicle, which crashed on January 28, 1986, exploded 74 seconds after launch.
Turtle - the first of living beings on a spacecraft circled the moon on September 21, 1968.
C
Tsiolkovsky Konstantin Eduardovich - founder of Russian cosmonautics.
W
"Shuttle" - American reusable launch vehicle.
YU
Jupiter - the largest planet in the solar system.
There are 81 words in my dictionary in total.slide 17.
In this way, I did not find confirmation of my hypothesis - the existence of a dictionary of space terms for children on the Internet. There are similar dictionaries for scientists - professionals in this field of science. But children also need to know the history of space exploration.
I see the value of my work in the fact that my dictionary can be used when compiling crossword puzzles, when conducting classes and lessons, in games, for example, “Who knows more space words”.
Using my dictionary, I made a crossword puzzle.
Crossword "Space".
Write the answers to the definitions in the crossword puzzle grid from bottom to top. If you guess everything correctly, then in the bottom line you will read the name of the system from and
The place where spaceships leave for a long journey.
An instrument for observing celestial bodies.
A round, glazed window on an airplane, ship, or spacecraft.
This is a small body of the solar system, the name of which can be translated as "shaggy star".
The name of the American ship with which the first international joint flight took place on July 15, 1975.
Thank you for your attention!slide 18.
List of used sources. dohcolonoc.ru/utrennici/4486-dosug- victorina -znatoki-kosmosa.html
nsportal.ru/.
doshkolnik.my1.ru/news/ko_dnju_kosmonavtiki_12aprelja/2-0-16
ped-kopilka.ru
Crossword "Space".
Write the answers to the definitions in the crossword puzzle grid from bottom to top. If you guess everything correctly, then in the bottom line you will read the name of the gravitationally bound
A mechanism controlled by radio and serving to work on the surface of the moon.
A thick layer of air that envelops our Earth.
The place where spaceships leave for a long journey.
An instrument for observing celestial bodies.
A round, glazed window on an airplane, ship, or spacecraft.
This is a small body of the solar system, the name of which can be translated as "shaggy star".
Each of us has heard more than once that space is something outside our planet, it is the Universe. In general, space is a space that stretches endlessly in all directions, including galaxies and stars, and planets, cosmic dust and other objects. There is an opinion that there are other planets or even entire galaxies that are also inhabited by intelligent people.
A bit of history
The middle of the 20th century was remembered by many as the space race, the winner of which was the USSR. In 1957, an artificial satellite was created and launched for the first time, and a little later, the first living creature visited space.
Two years later, an artificial satellite of the Sun entered orbit, and a station called Luna-2 was able to land on the surface of the Moon. The legendary Belka and Strelka went into space only in 1960, and a year later a man also went there.
The year 1962 was remembered for the group flight of ships, and 1963 for the fact that for the first time a woman was in orbit. Man managed to reach open space two years later.
Each of the subsequent years of our history was marked by events related to
The station of international importance was organized in space only in 1998. It was the launch of satellites, and the organization and numerous flights of people from other countries.
What does it represent
The scientific point of view says that space is certain parts of the universe that surround themselves and their atmospheres. However, it cannot be called completely empty. It has been shown to contain some hydrogen and has interstellar matter. Scientists have also confirmed the existence of electromagnetic radiation within it.
Now science does not know the data on the final limits of the cosmos. Astrophysicists and radio astronomers claim that instruments cannot "see" the entire cosmos. This is despite their workspace spanning 15 billion
Scientific hypotheses do not deny the possible existence of universes like ours, but there is no confirmation of this either. In general, space is the universe, it is the world. It is characterized by orderliness and materialization.
Learning process
Animals were the first in space. People were afraid, but wanted to explore the unknown spaces, so dogs, pigs and monkeys were used as pioneers. Some of them returned, some did not.
Now people are actively exploring outer space. It has been proven that weightlessness adversely affects human health. It does not allow fluids to move in the right directions, which contributes to the loss of calcium in the body. Also in space, people become somewhat chubby, there are problems with the intestines and clogging of the nose.
In outer space, almost every person gets "space sickness". Its main symptoms are nausea, dizziness, and headache. Hearing problems are the result of this disease.
Space is the space in whose orbits you can observe the sunrise about 16 times a day. This, in turn, negatively affects the biorhythms, prevents normal falling asleep.
It is interesting that the development of a toilet bowl in space is a whole science. Before this action begins to be perfect, all astronauts practice on a mock-up. Technique is worked out over a certain period of time. Scientists tried to organize a mini-toilet directly in the spacesuit, but this did not work out. Instead, ordinary diapers began to be used.
Every astronaut, after returning home, wonders for some time why objects fall down.
Not many people know why the first food in space was presented in tubes or briquettes. In fact, swallowing food in outer space is quite a challenge. Therefore, food was pre-dehydrated to make this process more accessible.
Interestingly, people who snore do not experience this process in space. It is still difficult to give an exact explanation for this fact.
death in space
Women who have artificially enlarged their breasts will never be able to know the cosmic expanses. The explanation for this is simple - implants can explode. The same fate, unfortunately, can befall the lungs of any person if he finds himself in space without a spacesuit. This will happen due to decompression. The mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and eyes will simply boil.
Space in ancient philosophy
Space is in philosophy a kind of structural concept that is used to designate the world as a whole. Heraclitus used the definition as a “world-building” more than 500 years ago BC. This was supported by the pre-Socratics - Parmenides, Democritus, Anaxagoras and Empedocles.
Plato and Aristotle tried to show the cosmos as an extremely complete being, an innocent being, an aesthetic whole. The perception of outer space was based largely on the mythology of the ancient Greeks.
In his work "On Heaven" Aristotle tries to compare these two concepts, to identify similarities and differences. In Plato's Timaeus, there is a fine line between the cosmos itself and its founder. The philosopher argued that the cosmos arose sequentially from matter and ideas, and the creator put his soul into it, divided it into elements.
The result was the cosmos as a living being with a mind. It is one and beautiful, includes the soul and body of the world.
Space in the philosophy of the 19th-20th centuries
The modern industrial revolution has completely distorted previous versions of the perception of outer space. A new "mythology" was taken as a basis.
At the turn of the century, such a philosophical trend as cubism arose. He largely embodied the laws, formulas, logical constructions and idealizations of Greek Orthodox ideas, which, in turn, borrowed them from ancient philosophers. Cubism is a good attempt by a person to know himself, the world, his place in the world, his vocation, to determine the basic values.
He did not go far from ancient ideas, but changed their root. Now the cosmos is in philosophy something with design features that were based on the principles of Orthodox personalism. Something historical and evolutionary. Outer space can change for the better. Biblical traditions were taken as a basis.
The cosmos, in the view of the philosophers of the 19-20s, combines art and religion, physics and metaphysics, knowledge about the world around us and human nature.
conclusions
It can be logically concluded that the cosmos is the space that is a single whole. Philosophical and scientific ideas about it are of the same nature, with the exception of ancient times. The topic "space" has always been in demand and enjoyed a healthy curiosity among people.
Now the universe is fraught with many more mysteries and mysteries that you and I have yet to unravel. Each person who finds himself in space discovers something new and unusual for himself and for all mankind, acquaints everyone with his feelings.
Outer space is a collection of various matters or objects. Some of them are closely studied by scientists, and the nature of others is generally incomprehensible.
SPACE, noun. world, universe
SPACE, noun. World space outside the earth's atmosphere
SPACE, noun. City in USA
Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
COSMOS, space, m. (Greek kosmos) (book). World, Universe. Is there anything. outside of our space? || The Universe as an organized whole (scientific, philosophic). Greek philosophy opposed chaos to the cosmos.
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
COSMOS, m. Greek. world, universe and universe. Cosmic, pertaining to the universe. Cosmogony the doctrine of the formation of the universe. Cosmography description of the universe, of all worlds. Cosmographer, a scientist engaged in cosmography. Cosmology the science of the laws of the material world, the earth. A cosmologist is a scientist who deals with this science. Cosmopolitan m. global citizen; a person who does not recognize the special relations of the motherland; cosmic, cosmic. Cosmorama a picture of a large space, a volume of terrain, written and staged in such a way that it seems alive.
Modern explanatory dictionary
"KOSMOS", ..1) a series of artificial Earth satellites launched in the USSR since March 16, 1962 to study outer space, solve technical problems, test spacecraft systems ... 2) 2-stage launch vehicles developed in the USSR for launching artificial satellites of the Earth "Cosmos".
"Vocabulary on the topic "Space"
Space.
Etymology of the word space. Word to osmosis came in the Old Russian era from the Greek language. This word meant peace, the universe, order.
From the dictionary of V. Dahl: Cosmos is the world, the universe and the universe.
Near space is explored by man. Deep space is the world of stars and galaxies.
Space is the universe. And world modern science believes that the cosmos is infinite..
Planet.
The word planet comes from the Greek "planetes", which means "wandering".
From the explanatory dictionary. A planet is a celestial body that revolves around a star, receiving light and heat from it.
Planet Earth is the common home of all mankind. Like all other planets in the solar system, it moves around the sun and simultaneously rotates around its axis. The Earth's axis is an imaginary line around which rotation takes place. The rotation of the Earth on its axis causes day and night to change. The earth rotates smoothly from west to east, exposing the sun's rays to one side or the other. Together with it, everything that is on the surface rotates, so we do not notice this rotation. The Earth makes a complete revolution around its axis in 24 hours, that is, in a day.
The path that the earth takes around the sun is called the earth's orbit.
Orbit.
ORBIT (from the Latin orbita - track, path) is a circle, a sphere of action, distribution.
The Earth's orbit is a circle, an ellipse. As a result of the movement of the Earth in orbit around the Sun, there is a change of day and night.
Orbital station.
ORBITAL STATION is a manned or automatic spacecraft that operates for a long time in orbit around the Earth, another planet or the Moon. Orbital stations can be delivered to orbit assembled or assembled in space. The orbital stations carry out research of the Earth and outer space, biomedical, technical experiments and other works. At the beginning of 1995, the manned orbital stations Salyut (7 orbital stations), Mir, USSR, and the Skylab orbital station, USA, were launched.
Apparatus.
From the explanatory dictionary: Apparatus is masculine. Has several meanings.
1. Device, mechanical device. (Telephone)
2. A set of organs that perform some special function of the body. (Digestive apparatus).
3. A set of institutions serving some branch of economic management (State apparatus)
4. Medical. (Treatment device)
5.Space (Research apparatus)
Spacecraft.
From the history of spacecraft:
In 1986, the American spacecraft conducted a study of the planet Uranus, and in 1989 the planet Neptune. Previously, almost nothing was known about these planets. They are too far from the Earth, so that you can't really see them in the most powerful telescope. And photographs taken by the spacecraft made it possible to establish that Neptune has as many as eight moons, and only two moons are visible through a telescope from Earth.
Rocket.
Mystery.
Miracle bird - scarlet tail
Flew into a flock of stars.
This bird has no wings
But you can't help but wonder:
Only the bird will dissolve the tail -
And rise to the stars.
to the origins of the word.
From the explanatory dictionary . Rocket is feminine. Has several meanings.
Exercise. Find similar-sounding words for the word rocket
One-word words.
Astronaut.
Mystery.
He is not a pilot, not a pilot,
He's not flying a plane
And a huge rocket
Children, who tell me this?
From the explanatory dictionary
To the origins of the word space astronaut
Exercise. Choose the same-root words for the word astronaut.
One-word words.
Astronaut. There was no such word
Among many, many thousands of words.
Brought him to Earth from the sky
From the history of astronauts.
The first astronaut in history:. He went to on the ..
First astronaut: . 1961
First female astronaut:, , flew on the ship "Vostok -6"
Svetlana Evgenievna Savitskaya - twice Hero of the Soviet Union She participated in two space flights. Savitskaya is the first female cosmonaut to go into outer space.
First: went into space.
What are astronauts called in different countries?
Astronaut(in ), astronaut(in ), rescuer(in), taikonaut(in ) , gaganaut(in ) - the person who committed(or who has undergone special training as an astronaut and is enrolled in a group of astronauts).
Pilot-cosmonaut of the Russian Federation- . Established According to the Regulations on the honorary title, it is assigned to those who have made outstanding flights in space. Persons awarded this title are awarded a certificate of conferment of an honorary title and a badge, which is worn on the right side of the chest.
Write the correct words:
Space
Astronaut
Planet
Orbit
Orbital station
spacecraft
Rocket
Rocket.
to the origins of the word. The word rocket came to us from the Italian language "rocco", that is, "spindle". Then rockets were used only for fireworks and looked like a spindle. After the shot, the rocket glows brightly.
From the explanatory dictionary . Rocket is feminine. Has several meanings.
1. A projectile used for fireworks and signaling, consisting of a cartridge case filled with a powder composition, which, after being fired, glows brightly when flying in the air. (flare)
2.Aircraft with a jet engine. (Spacecraft)
One-word words. Rocket, rocket, rocket launcher, rocket launcher, rocket launcher.
Word compatibility. Huge, three-stage, space.
Mystery.
Miracle bird - scarlet tail
Flew into a flock of stars.
This bird has no wings
But you can't help but wonder:
Only the bird will dissolve the tail -
And rise to the stars.
Suggestions and texts..
2. The rocket men took their places. Aimed at an invisible target. Explosion.! The rocket went high into the sky, leaving behind a tail of smoke. A minute, another, and the rocket has already found its target. (S. Baruzdin)
3. The officer took out a rocket launcher from his bosom and fired into the sky. A red rocket soared high above him. (To Korzhikov) The origins of rockets. According to the certificate writer ( Aulus Gellius) one of the first jet devices was used more than 2000 years ago, back in , philosopher- , forcing a wooden dove to move along the wire with the help of steam, in front of the eyes of the astonished inhabitants of his city. Archit Tarensky used the principle of "action-reaction", which was scientifically described only in century. However, the origins of rockets, most historians refer to the times ( - n. e.), to the opening and the beginning of its use for and entertainment. The force generated by gunpowder was sufficient to move various objects. Later, this principle was applied in the creation of the first and . gunpowder could fly long distances, but were not rockets, because they did not have their own reserves . Nevertheless, it was the invention of gunpowder that became the main prerequisite for the emergence of real rockets.
In general, in a wordrocket denote a wide range of flying devices from celebratory to space .
In military terminology, the wordrocket denotes a class, usually used to defeat remote and using the principle of jet propulsion for flight. In connection with the diverse use of missiles by various a broad class of different types .
Most modern rockets are equipped with . Such an engine can use solid, liquid or hybrid . between fuel and starts at , the resulting hot gases form an outflowing jet, are accelerated in the jet (or nozzles) and are ejected from the rocket. The acceleration of these gases in the engine creates - the pushing force that makes the rocket move. Principle described .
Astronaut.
Mystery.
He is not a pilot, not a pilot,
He's not flying a plane
And a huge rocket
Children, who tell me this?
From the explanatory dictionary . An astronaut is a person who makes a flight into space for the purpose of testing space technology and conducting scientific observations.
To the origins of the word The word astronaut consists of very ancient components. The first part is the Greek word space, one of the meanings of which is “universe”, “world”. second part of the word astronaut is the Greek word nautes - "sailor", "sailor"
One-word words. Space, astronaut, cosmodrome, space.
Word compatibility. The first, courageous, brave .. astronaut. Pilot-cosmonaut. The flight of an astronaut; a group of astronauts; meeting with astronauts, become an astronaut.
Offers and texts.
1. The first cosmonaut in the world was Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.
2. Cosmonaut. There was no such word
Among many many thousands of words.
Brought him to Earth from the sky
Pilots Gagarin and Titov (J. Akim)
Astronaut(in ), astronaut(in ), rescuer(in), taikonaut(in) or gaganaut(c) - a person who has made (or who has undergone special training as an astronaut and is enrolled in a group of astronauts)
Historical facts
There were; who made a space flight along a ballistic trajectory with a height of more than 100 km (classification); who have made a space flight along a ballistic trajectory with an altitude of more than 50 miles, but less than 100 km (classification)
Among the astronauts.
According to data, the planet's astronauts have spent more than 29,000 man-days, including more than 100 man-days. Representatives of 36 countries visited the Earth's orbit
The training of cosmonauts in the USSR began in 1960, in the USA - in 1959.
The first female cosmonaut was V.V. Tereshkova. In 1963 flew on the ship "Vostok-6"
The first astronaut in history:. He went to on.
The first astronaut to walk on the moon was N. Armstrong in 1969.
First astronaut: . 1961, .
The first female astronaut:,,.
The first astronaut from: . Its hosted on board the ship.
Svetlana Evgenievna Savitskaya - twice Hero of the Soviet Union. She participated in two space flights. Savitskaya is the first female cosmonaut to go into outer space.
The first astronaut from: (), who flew as a space tourist on a ship,