How is HIV transmitted. AIDS. how to get infected. Is there a danger of contracting AIDS in public baths and pools

HIV infection and AIDS are the most common diseases in the entire period of human existence. Unfortunately, in our modern world, despite technological progress, these diseases are still difficult to defeat. Nevertheless, every person who wants to stay healthy has a great opportunity to protect themselves in advance. And for this you have to figure out how HIV AIDS is transmitted? How to resist infection? What precautions should be taken?

It cannot be said that HIV and AIDS are the same. But we can safely assume that these two diseases are interconnected and have devastating consequences for the human body. HIV is considered a viral infection that suppresses the immune system. Subsequently, the body is unable to fight various viral attacks. AIDS develops some time after the body is infected with HIV infection. These diseases affect all the defense systems of the body, which ultimately makes it completely "unarmed" and unable to further resist infection.

Viral, bacterial and fungal infections do not develop in a healthy body.

With a syndrome that is not actually cured, the patient has a life time of about two years. But the sooner you can detect AIDS and carry out diagnostic prophylaxis, the more likely you are to extend the years of your life and prevent the disease from progressing irrevocably.

Main symptoms:

• Constant cold at a chronic level;
• A sharp drop in vision;
• Rapid weight loss for no reason;
• It becomes difficult to breathe, there is pain in the chest;
• There are problems with the work of the intestines, diarrhea;
• Difficulties at the emotional level (depression, irritability).

Of course, the above symptoms are the beginning of the development of other diseases. But with regard to HIV infection and AIDS, you should consult a doctor in a timely manner.

ROUTES OF INFECTION

The transmission of this infectious disease is carried out in the following ways:

• Entering into sexual intercourse without means of protection;
• Organ transplant or blood transfusion from an infected person.;
• Feeding a child with the milk of an infected mother .;
• Injection using one syringe for two.

AIDS can be transmitted in the original way through the blood. It is worth noting that sexual intercourse performed by an unprotected method with a sick partner to a greater extent provokes infection. In the case of oral sex, infection is possible if even the slightest damage is present in the oral cavity. Infected semen, vaginal secretions or semen have a direct contact with the blood. Anal sex can cause injury to the rectal mucosa.

Infection of infants has an extremely negative effect on their subsequent stage of their growing up and development. Already at such an early age, all important body systems are frozen and the immune system is drastically weakened. With weak immunity, various serious diseases originate. Also, employees of the medical staff are at risk of becoming infected. Basically, such situations occur due to accidental cuts and the ingress of blood or other fluid from the patient into the blood of a healthcare worker.

Therefore, all healthcare workers are strongly advised to inspect their hands for minor minor injuries. To prevent AIDS infection, it is worth paying attention to the above listed factors. If they are excluded, then there will be no infection. Nevertheless, do not forget about the risks, both in work processes and during sexual contact.

WE DO NOT LET DISEASE INTO OUR BODY

Some may erroneously believe that the virus can be transmitted through kissing, hugging, or airborne droplets. But in order not to become infected with such a dangerous virus, it is worth knowing in advance about some important things that allow you to insure yourself in case of an immunodeficiency.

It is wrong to say that AIDS can infect the body through an ordinary kiss. But here it spreads well through saliva. This point especially concerns the presence of lesions in the oral cavity, as mentioned above. If you just shake hands or eat food with an infected person, the risks of getting an infection will be reduced to zero. But if contact is made directly with blood or other biological fluid, the risks of infection increase dramatically.

The virus cannot be transmitted by airborne droplets. In the air, the infection can live no more than one minute. Also, the virus is not transmitted through dried blood or any other spoiled biological fluid. At high temperatures (up to 50 degrees), the infection self-destructs. It is an erroneous assumption that insects are carriers of AIDS. The bottom line is that they only absorb human blood and process it in their body without returning.

If you have a dog or cat, do not worry that they will become carriers of AIDS.

When you use the services of manicure, dentistry, piercing, etc., the tools of specialists in any case should be clean. Although HIV infection is unlikely to enter your body, because it is extremely unable to survive on its own in the environment. We must not forget about other serious infections that can enter your body due to ignoring the sterilization of working tools and equipment.

HOW CAN YOU SECURE YOURSELF?

As you can see for yourself, there are quite a few ways of getting HIV infection. But all of them purposefully keep their way into the circulatory system.

It is worth considering the following aspects in your life:

• Have sexual intercourse only in protective mode, especially if you choose a non-regular partner. The moment of sexual intercourse concerns both anal sex and vaginal. But if your partner does not change, the risks of infection drop sharply;
• Never use the same syringe, and even more so together with someone. Avoid narcotic injection;
• Avoid any contact with the blood or body fluid of the infected person. Don't neglect security practices in workflows;
• Since the disease does not develop immediately, but over several months (or even years), be sure to check with qualified doctors. This is necessary in order to detect a progressive disease in advance and neutralize it in time.

In general, you should not exaggerate too much and impose your phobias on others. But as they say, knowledge is light. Therefore, avoid premature cuts in public places and keep your distance from infected people for your own good.

How can you get HIV

You can only get HIV from another person. There are no other ways. The virus in a person with HIV is found in semen, secretions from the genital tract, blood, and even in breast milk. The danger is that some infected people don't even know about it. The virus may not make itself felt for a long time.

It is important to take into account that HIV infection can only get to a person through contact with blood. That is, if there are unhealed wounds in the area where contact occurred.

Shaking hands, hugging, or kissing does not spread HIV. An exception becomes when two partners have bleeding wounds in their mouths.

• unprotected sex;


• Use of non-sterile medical syringes and instruments;


• Use of contaminated donated blood (possible only in case of negligence of health workers);


• Use of contaminated donor reproductive material (in practice, this type of infection almost never occurs because donors undergo rigorous testing);


• During childbirth, an infected woman can infect her baby. According to statistics, intrauterine infection occurs in 11% of cases, and during childbirth, infection occurs in 15% of cases. In 10% of children get HIV while breastfeeding. It is also important to take into account the fact that children under 3 years of age are not diagnosed with HIV. This is due to the fact that maternal antibodies may be present in the child's body.

How not to get HIV

The virus cannot be transmitted through hugs or handshakes. Household cases of infection were not recorded. An exception may be, for example, a handshake, when both people have wounds at the point of contact.

In the environment, HIV dies. Therefore, infection is impossible through common dishes, soap and bedding.

HIV cannot live in the body of blood-sucking insects. Therefore, the possibility of transmission of infection through mosquito bites is excluded. For this myth to become true, it is necessary that a mosquito, having previously drunk the blood of an infected person, bite a healthy person where there is an open wound. And there he must be crushed.

HIV cannot exist in water either. Therefore, do not be afraid to get infected in the pool, bath or sauna.

HIV infection is the most terrible disease that exists in all corners of the world. Cases of the disease have been reported in all countries. Doctors have known for a long time what constitutes how HIV is transmitted. Below is comprehensive information about the infection, methods of infection with the virus, treatment, and preventive measures.

The human immunodeficiency virus is a disease that causes the death of immune cells. Any disease for an infected person becomes deadly. Physicians have precisely determined how HIV is transmitted. HIV transmission occurs when:

• intimacy (up to 80%);
• the use of injecting narcotic substances (up to 10%);
• breastfeeding a newborn baby or during his intrauterine life (up to 10%);
• blood transfusion (up to 5%);
• occupational infection of physicians (0.01%).

The disease is transmitted from person to person when a healthy person enters the body of an infected fluid of a patient with a high concentration of the virus. The sweat secreted by the skin of a sick person, his urine and tears contain a small portion of the infection, so infection in this way is almost impossible.

Usually HIV is transmitted through the fluid secreted by the urogenital secretion of a sick person, his blood. The reason is the high level of infection concentration. Infection occurs after infection enters a healthy body. The disease, developing, spreads throughout the body of a sick person.

• people who inject drugs;
• homosexuals;
• prostitutes;
• lovers of anal sex;
• persons leading a promiscuous sex life;
• people with diseases transmitted by intimacy;
• blood donors;
• future children of an infected woman;
• blood transfusion workers who come into contact with infected patients.

There is a misconception that AIDS and HIV are the same disease. This is not true, but these two ailments are interrelated. HIV and AIDS - what's the difference? HIV enters the body, under certain conditions the virus may not manifest itself for many years. Depending on the state of health of the patient, HIV infection develops at an individual rate, which, with any, even a non-serious disease, transforms into AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Illness always ends in death.

How infection occurs

Infecting a person with HIV sexually is the most well-known and common way of transmitting the infection. Almost 40% of all patients became infected in this way.

unconventional sex

The virus can be transmitted not only through traditional intimacy. Often, human infection occurs when an infected person's penis is penetrated anally without the use of a condom. Cracks appear in the anus, microtraumas with minor bleeding. Mixing blood with seminal fluid leads to infection with the disease. Therefore, the disease is widespread among homosexuals.

Is HIV transmitted through oral? It is possible, but the likelihood of infection during oral sex is much less. Oral sex is dangerous for the transmission of HIV infection in the presence of bleeding wounds in the oral cavity. Through them, the penetration of the virus from the sexual fluids of the partner can occur.

From mother to child

How is AIDS transmitted to a baby from the woman who gave birth to him? The most common way that HIV and AIDS are transmitted to the baby from the mother's body is the intrauterine method. Often the fetus becomes infected during the pregnancy of the expectant mother. It happens that the unborn child remains healthy before birth, but when passing through the birth canal or during a caesarean section, it becomes infected. During childbirth, it is incredibly difficult to avoid the penetration of a woman’s infected blood into the mucous membranes of a newborn baby.

A mother can transmit a terrible infection to a baby by feeding the newborn with her breast milk. If a sick woman gives birth to a healthy child, mother's milk is replaced with an adapted milk formula. Mother's milk contains a liquid secreted by the organs of internal secretion, in which the content of viruses is maximum.

How is AIDS, HIV infection transmitted from an infected person who is on antiretroviral therapy? It is possible, but the risk is sufficiently reduced. The probability of infection entering a healthy body depends on the state of immunity of a healthy person, the presence of other, potentially dangerous infections in a sick person.

Drug addicts at risk

Among people who use drugs, drugs are often injected with a single syringe. This is the most common way the infection is transmitted. At the time of preparation of narcotic mixtures, there is a possibility that the infected blood of a sick person will get into the dishes. This increases the chance of infection in people who use the prepared drug.

In the doctor's office

AIDS, HIV infection - how are they transmitted during the process of blood transfusion? There are many cases of infection of a healthy person in this way. Before using donated blood for transfusion, it is carefully examined for the presence of HIV and AIDS. For this, special highly effective ELISA tests are used, but errors do occur. False test results are the main reason for the penetration of the immunodeficiency virus into the body of a healthy person through blood transfusion.

How is HIV transmitted due to non-sterile instruments? In dental offices, beauty salons, manicure and pedicure workshops, all instruments must be sterilized. Improper sterilization and sanitization of instruments lead to contamination in this way.

AIDS is one of the most global problems of today, a global disaster, a serious and least studied disease, which is associated with many rumors, myths and conjectures. The last stage of HIV infection, which is a deadly disease, is transmitted in just a few ways. But people tend to exaggerate the significance of danger, this is dictated by the instinct of self-preservation. The lack of knowledge about the nature and ways of transmission of the disease gives rise to an inadequate attitude of society towards those who are sick with the immunodeficiency virus.

The ways in which AIDS is transmitted must be known exactly to everyone, from schoolchildren to the elderly. This will help protect the world from new infections, save yourself and loved ones from a deadly disease, and increase society's tolerance towards people who could not avoid infection. People's ignorance of all information and inattention to details makes people afraid and hate those who are sick, considering them indispensable sources of infection. This makes patients outcasts, at a time when they are in dire need of support and understanding, including psychologically.

People's ignorance of the ways of transmission of the disease gives rise to cruel treatment of the infected as inevitable sources of infection.

Household contacts and the possibility of infection through them - the most common and discussed on the topic of AIDS.

1. Can the virus be transmitted through saliva while kissing?
2. If the patient sneezes or coughs, will he infect those who are exposed to particles of mucus from his mouth and lungs?
3. Is it true that the baby infected the mother during feeding, because his saliva got into her body?
4. If the mother is sick, can she infect the child, for example, by licking a spoon or simply blowing on hot porridge?
5. A mentally ill person diagnosed with AIDS bit 30 people in the US - did they all become infected?

Many ways of transmitting AIDS are contrived by people themselves, and are not reality.

There are so many questions that there are not enough volumes of encyclopedias and medical journals to answer them. How to convey information to everyone, convince of true facts and refute false ones? To do this, it is necessary to constantly and in an accessible form talk about the methods of transmission of AIDS and debunk the myths that surround this disease.

Where is the AIDS virus found?

In order to protect oneself, relatives, loved ones and provide assistance, at least by non-resistance and lack of aggression, it is important for everyone who is sick to know exactly what ways one can get an HIV infection. To do this, you need to find out, first of all, where the virus is contained.

Knowing where the AIDS virus is located is important to reduce the risk of contracting it.

Important! The virus can be found in absolutely all biological fluids of the human body, but in a dangerously strong concentration that can lead to infection of a healthy person - only in six of them.

Table. Concentration of immunodeficiency virus in biological fluids

How infection occurs

At the moment one of the infected bioliquids, in which there is a dangerous amount of viruses, enters a healthy body, infection can occur. This means that a microbe will settle in the body, which will begin to have a destructive effect on the entire immune system, gradually bringing it into an unrecoverable state.

In the event of contact with an infected bioliquid with a dangerous amount of viruses, infection occurs

The immune system is a protective "screen" that prevents the penetration into the body and the emergence of foreign agents in it. When it is weakened, immunodeficiency occurs, which leads to a critical situation - AIDS.

Getting sick with HIV is not as easy as it might seem. But even as a result of a single contact with a virus carrier, a person can become positive for the virus.

The possibility or impossibility of transmitting a disease state depends on the concentration of viruses in the contact biofluid.

It is not enough just to remember in which of the environments the virus is present in sufficient, and in which in insufficient concentration. You also need to know exactly in what ways, and under what conditions, infection can occur.

High concentration of viruses in biofluids in descending order:

• blood;
• sperm fluid;
• discharge from the genital tract;
• mother's breast milk;
• substance found in the spinal cord.

Important! The fluid that fills the spinal cord contains viral bodies at a concentration that makes infection likely, but direct contact with this substance can only occur in the most rare situations. For infection, a vertebral injury must occur with the release of the spinal cord to the outside. Then it must be in the body of the infected.

All existing methods of HIV infection are associated with the penetration of biofluids carrying a large concentration of the virus into a healthy body in only two ways - through blood or damage to the mucous membrane.

Low concentration of virus in biological fluids in descending order:

• excretion of urine;
• sputum from the lungs and bronchial;
• saliva;
• sweat secretions;
• tear secretions.

By the way. Saliva is in third place after the discharge of the urinary canal and sputum in terms of the concentration of viral bodies. But, since it is classified as a biological fluid with a safely low concentration, the question of the possibility of HIV infection through saliva is being resolved negatively in medical and scientific circles.

Infection through the ingestion of a bioliquid with a non-hazardous concentration of viruses, for example, through saliva, according to scientists and physicians, is impossible

Ways of infection

There are three ways to become infected with HIV. And the exchange of salivary fluid or any biomaterial from the list with a low concentration between an infected and a healthy person does not lead to infection.

How can you get HIV.

1. Sexually. This is the first in prevalence, the most massive and the most relevant way of infection, which is observed in 50% of all cases. During any type of sexual contact or sexual practice that is not mechanically protected by the use of a condom, infection can occur if the genital secretions or semen of an infected person enters the body of a healthy person.

   

2. Parenteral way. It is called "blood to blood", and it can be realized through blood transfusion, the use of medical instruments that carry the remains of infected material, the consumption of injecting drugs, if shared needles are used, and so on. About 35% of those infected are infected by this method.

   

   The second most common method is "blood to blood"

3. By transmission from an infected mother to her child. This happens both throughout pregnancy and during childbirth, and during breastfeeding. This route of entry into the body of infection is found in 15% of those infected, but if special measures are taken, the risk can be reduced to 2%.

   

How infection does not occur

Despite the fact that all biological fluids of an infected person contain the immunodeficiency virus to one degree or another, they cannot be infected in the following ways:

• by airborne droplets;
• through the sharing of food or water;
• in household contact;
• through domestic or wild animals;
• due to insect bites.

  

  In household contact or sharing food, infection does not occur.

  Important! Scientific studies say that to infect HIV through saliva, it will take at least two liters of infected salivary fluid to penetrate into the blood or damaged mucous membrane of a healthy person. It is physically impossible either with a kiss or with any other actions.

  

  Regarding the use of shared dishes with an HIV-infected person, the answer is also unequivocal. Infection cannot occur because:

  
  

  Important! Dried biological fluid, even containing a high concentration of viruses, is not dangerous, because under the influence of air currents, HIV dies almost instantly.

  Since the human immunodeficiency virus does not live in the air, it is impossible to get infected by it either when talking, or when cooking and eating food, or when using towels, sharing a sink, toilet, shower, and any household items.

  

  It is impossible to get AIDS in a conversation or when sharing household items.

  Handshakes and hugs also do not apply to the possibility of infection. The skin is protective. Infection can occur only if it is damaged, both in the carrier of the virus and in a healthy person, and these lesions are in direct contact.

  

  Handshakes (hugs) can cause infection only if the damaged areas of the skin come into contact

  Many believe that AIDS can be contracted from insect bites. For example, mosquitoes and other blood-sucking ones can carry the virus from sick to healthy people. But the “blood sampling apparatus” of the mosquito is designed so that the blood of the previous victim cannot get into the new one. Therefore, no confirmed cases of infection from a mosquito bite are known.

  

  By the way. It is also not possible to get infected with the immunodeficiency virus from animals, domestic or wild. The virus does not multiply in their body. That is why it is called HIV - human immunodeficiency virus.

  

  Animals cannot be carriers of HIV infection, therefore, it is impossible to get infected from them.

  With regard to a public pool, bath or sharing a shower / bath with an infected person, there is also no possibility of infection, since the virus does not spread in water.

  

  Controversial episodes and debunking myths

  Saliva is a product of airborne exchange. And there is a lot of medical evidence that the saliva of not only an HIV-infected person, but also a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, contains the virus in such a low concentration that even if it enters the blood of a healthy person, infection cannot occur.

  By the way! About a case that really happened in the United States, when an AIDS patient, due to a mental disorder, bit 30 fellow citizens. None were infected.

  

  In addition, there is a lot of irrefutable evidence confirming that the salivary secretions of an AIDS-infected person are not dangerous for healthy people who are in contact with him. So far, no cases of transmission of the virus from infected close relatives through the use of things, common utensils and other items that are not related to the intimate hygiene of the genital organs have been officially registered.

  

  With a sexual kiss, when there is contact between the mucous membranes, not a single fact of HIV infection has been recorded either.

  By the way. Purely theoretically, doctors admit that it is possible to become infected if the mucous membrane is bitten or injured during a kiss, but this will only happen if an AIDS patient has ulcerative stomatitis or periodontal disease. Blood from the gums or sores of the infected person must enter the wound to the infected person. Again, this is a theory; in practice, such episodes have not been recorded.

  

  In theory, infection through a kiss is possible in the presence of bleeding sores, both in an infected person and in a healthy person.

  There is, however, a clinical case when the carrier of AIDS - the baby infected the mother in the process of breastfeeding. Since it was not the mother who brought the virus to the baby, which could have happened through breast milk, the doctors decided that it happened through the baby's saliva. But upon careful examination, it was proved that the child was diagnosed with ulcerative stomatitis, and the mother had cracked nipples. In addition, the child also bit the mother on the nipple, since he already had the first teeth in his mouth, as a result of which the infection occurred.

  There is a statement, actively supported by the "yellow" media, that you can get AIDS after visiting a dentist, a miniature and pedicure room, or being attacked by maniacs with syringes filled with infected blood in public transport.

  

  There were no cases of infection after visiting a nail salon or dentist

  In the real world, not a single case of such infection has been recorded, although theoretically the risk of infection through an unsterilized instrument remains not excluded.

  By the way. In fact, attempts to inject citizens with AIDS-infected syringes have not actually been made by any maniacs in the entire history of the existence of the disease - this is pure fiction that has nothing to do with reality.

  

  The attack of maniacs with AIDS with infected syringes is nothing more than fiction

  Thus, only three routes of HIV transmission need to be feared.

  1. Sexual contact without protection.
  2. Blood to blood.
  3. From mother to child.

  

  In all other cases, you should not be afraid of possible contacts with HIV carriers. AIDS is the real threat of the century, but this is not a reason to panic and hate an infected person who sneezes in a public place. This is not a reason to refuse handshakes, hugs and kisses with loved ones. Patients with HIV can live with the disease for many years. It is not necessary for the sake of myths and prejudices to turn their life into a nightmare and make them outcasts. Anyone can get AIDS. But not through saliva. study the link.

  Video - All the most interesting facts about HIV and AIDS

Contrary to common misconception, the principle, and ways of transmitting AIDS incorrectly considered as one and the same mechanism. Moreover, medicine does not yet know how to get AIDS, bypassing HIV transmission. In the same time, HIV transmission is the first step towards the development of a fatal disease.

How do you get HIV and AIDS

On closer inspection ways of getting HIV infection can be represented as a diagram. HIV is transmitted First, at this moment it is impossible to predict how it will behave in the body. Regardless of, how is HIV transmitted, it can equally likely not make itself felt for decades or declare its presence in the very first weeks after implementation. In other words, there is no immediate HIV infection, and inflammatory processes begin to develop already due to what happened HIV infection.

AIDS infection occurs already as a result of the further development of inflammatory processes, which can be provoked by any infectious or chronic disease. At such a late stage, it is impossible to prevent a lethal outcome.

How HIV is spread

Although ways to get AIDS have been known for more than thirty years, and research work in this direction is ongoing, the percentage of ordinary citizens' awareness of the issue, how can you get AIDS and HIV, not high enough. This is perhaps the main reason for the spread of an incurable disease throughout the planet, according to official data, more than 40,000,000 carriers of the pathogen virus have been identified. It inspires serious concern that many, unknowingly, how do you get HIV, unaware that they have already passed several stages ways of getting AIDS or about their involvement in a high-risk group.

Because of the frightening dynamics with which AIDS transmission, virtually every inhabitant of the Earth is at risk. To the question can an apparently healthy person be infected with HIV, we can confidently answer in the affirmative. From that moment, how HIV is transmitted various sources, before the first symptoms appear, the dangerous neighborhood does not affect the well-being of the carrier. Without a comprehensive examination, based on the appearance of the interlocutor alone, it is impossible to determine whether could he have contracted HIV.

To date, the most reliable prevention is a clear understanding of How can you get HIV infection, how HIV is transmitted and how.

How can you get AIDS during sex

Most often HIV infection is sexually transmitted. AIDS, acquired sexually accounts for up to 80% of all cases of such diseases. HIV is sexually transmitted with promiscuous relationships and the practice of anal sex, during which microtraumas increase the risk of infection.

Is it easy to get HIV woman

should be considered separately how HIV is sexually transmitted women. Due to the anatomical structure, women are more vulnerable, so they should first of all know Is AIDS sexually transmitted? in order to correctly take care of their safety and give preference to those types of intimacy in which HIV is not sexually transmitted. It's impossible to predict for sure can HIV not be transmitted to a partner however, all available precautions should be taken to reduce the chance of infection. Cervical erosion, irritation, inflammation in the vagina or menstruation do modes of HIV transmission more intense.

At the same time, lesbian caresses are recognized as one of the safest sexual pleasures. Theoretically there are ways of transmission of HIV infection from partner to partner. classifying, what is the most common route of HIV infection with same-sex love, doctors give primacy to vibrators, dildos and other toys for adults that penetrate inside. It's easy to assume how can you get AIDS through these objects: the microcracks of the vagina caused by them are potential modes of HIV transmission. Despite the fact that such ways of getting HIV have not yet met in medical practice, it is advisable to follow the recommendations of specialists, how not to get HIV. Several methods are known how not to get AIDS during joint use: wash surfaces with detergents and, if possible, use a condom.

Preventive measures for men

Despite the fact that the risk of infection for men is much lower than for women, the stronger sex should also take precautions. People of non-traditional orientation who practice unprotected sex are most at risk. It should be remembered that the presence of concomitant infectious diseases greatly increases the likelihood of infection.

No less high is the possibility of infection with the joint use of narcotic drugs through a needle. A similar incident can occur in a medical institution due to the negligence of employees. Blood transfusion is recognized as the most dangerous procedure: if the donor is infected, the chances of avoiding infection are extremely small. To minimize the risk, donors are 100% screened before donating blood. There are isolated cases of diseases among medical workers who, on duty, are in contact with AIDS patients and HIV-infected patients. Theoretically, it is possible to get the virus in a tattoo and piercing parlor or in a hairdresser, also when using someone else's razor.

Proper sanitization of medical and cosmetic instruments, keeping personal hygiene products clean, using a condom are the main rules of prevention. A shared shower, sauna or pool, a joint feast, hugs and handshakes do not pose a threat.

Is it possible to get HIV through kissing and oral sex

Many are interested in the following nuance: is HIV sexually transmitted during oral sex. Sexual transmission of HIV during oral sex is possible in the presence of microcracks in the oral cavity. For the receiving party, the more relevant question is How does HIV infection occur?. You can get HIV when bleeding wounds or ulcers come into contact with virus-containing semen. Throughout the history of observations, How can you get HIV infection isolated cases of such infections have been recorded. Using a condom eliminates the risk of infection completely.

Usually, HIV is not transmitted through kisses. In any case, precautions must be taken during doubtful contacts: ways of transmitting AIDS in many ways similar to infection with other, albeit less dangerous and relatively easily treatable diseases, transmitted in the same way as HIV, sexually. Herpes, lesions of the oral mucosa and rashes of various origins are quite common. ways to get HIV.

When asked whether it is possible not to get infected from an HIV-infected person, experts answer in the affirmative. Traditional protection methods prevent ways of HIV transmission. Almost everything what can cause AIDS, successfully blocks the condom. One point is disturbing: is HIV transmitted through the pores of latex, the diameter of which sometimes exceeds the microscopic size of the virus. If the condom was not damaged during intercourse, HIV - the infection is transmitted through a condom in such small quantities that it cannot become the causative agent of the disease.

Methods of transmission of HIV infection when handling blood

Uncontrolled sexual relations in the absence of proper hygiene are not the only ways to get HIV. Today it is widely known that HIV is transmitted through blood. In medical institutions and beauty salons where sanitary standards are strictly observed, HIV -can't get infected. Unfortunately, regular training of employees, how HIV is transmitted from person to person, does not give a 100% guarantee that all instructions will be followed, and news reports, how do you get AIDS in clinics and nail salons, periodically take place. Given the unfavorable epidemiological situation and how HIV is spread, doctors recommend limiting such procedures to only the necessary minimum in order to reduce the main ways of transmission of HIV infection.

If the patient's blood has come into contact with intact skin, the probability how to get HIV infection, tends to zero.

How AIDS is contracted with self-injection

People who inject drugs are well aware that is HIV transmitted through blood, which, however, does not prevent them from neglecting elementary rules, such as the inadmissibility of multiple use of a disposable syringe or the sanitization of a common medical instrument before use.

How can you get HIV newborn

Future parents should be aware of how HIV is transmitted to a newborn. From an infected mother, HIV is transmitted in the following ways:

• transmitted in the first trimester of fetal development HIV through the placenta, which is not yet sufficiently formed to fully perform protective functions;
• directly during childbirth when passing through the birth canal, where blood accumulates in large quantities;
• during lactation, breast milk is the product what can you get HIV from.

Probability, Is it possible to infect a child with HIV through blood, is approximately 25% of the total number of births among carriers of the virus. The number of hazards How can you get HIV, can be reduced by 5-11% if you follow the recommendations of the supervising doctor, how HIV is not transmitted. For infected pregnant women, a special monitoring program has been developed, including antiviral therapy.

Caesarean section reduces the risk How do you get HIV infection newborns, another 15%. Since the milk of an infected mother is another source, how can HIV be transmitted it makes sense to immediately transfer to an infant, an infant, to artificial feeding. Thus, the known paths, how is HIV transmitted, can be minimized.

How is HIV transmitted in the home?

Among the many ways, how to get HIV, there are a number of household hazards. At the same time, understanding the basic principles How is HIV transmitted from person to person? to a person, allows many families to live side by side with the infected without risk to themselves. If you have to deal with a patient, it is important to know How not to get HIV and how can you get HIV at home.

There is an opinion that AIDS is transmitted through the air. Unlike a number of infectious diseases, the likelihood of infection through the air is excluded. There is no objective reason to worry Is HIV transmitted by airborne droplets? or Is AIDS transmitted by airborne droplets?: not a single such case has been recorded in thirty years.

Food and water

No less often are the questions can you get AIDS through food or is HIV transmitted through water. The saliva of an infected person contains an insufficient percentage of viruses to transmit HIV through it in everyday life. Worry about Can HIV be transmitted through drinking?, is HIV transmitted through food or common utensils has no reason. And you don't have to worry either. Can HIV be transmitted through food with blood? or through the bite of a patient: these options are not among the ways how to get AIDS.

The aquatic environment is, in principle, unsuitable for the habitation of viruses, they instantly die, being in it. It is almost impossible to become infected when using a shared bathroom, shower, swimming pool, visiting a bathhouse or sauna. Theoretically, infection should not occur if you have unprotected sex in the water.

Personal items and body contact

Some personal hygiene items, such as a manicure set, a razor, a toothbrush, are an exception, as they involve contact with blood. The exchange of such personal things is in any case unreasonable: we should not forget that the human body is inhabited by many other bacteria.

It is quite natural to want to know the complete list, through what you can get HIV: is it possible to get HIV through urine, is HIV transmitted through semen, breast milk, tears, sweat and other secretions of the human body. Tears, sweat and urine are not the habitat of the virus. How can you get HIV when in contact with semen, should be considered more closely. If the skin or mucous membrane is not damaged, neither semen nor even blood, where the concentration is much higher, will not cause harm. Droplets on personal hygiene items also do not pose a danger to the health of others.

In the same context, one should consider Is HIV transmitted through the household? with handshakes, hugs and other touches. In order to carry out the transmission, the healthy and the infected must be in close contact with the wounds on the body, provided that there are any. If the cuts do not match or do not touch tightly enough, infection will not occur. The probability of such a coincidence is extremely small.

Pseudoscience horror stories

Another popular myth is that How can you get HIV at home. Many believe that the cause of a deadly disease can be the bite of a carrier: an animal or a blood-sucking insect. To dispel this misconception, it is enough to decipher the abbreviation: human immunodeficiency virus. Not animal or insect. Once in a foreign organism, the virus immediately dies.

Finally, it remains to dispel the urban horror stories about infected avengers who prick passers-by with needles contaminated with their own blood, and drug addicts who scatter syringes on playgrounds. If we assume that the patient has just removed the needle from his vein and immediately inserted it into the body of the victim, the probability of infection is no more than 20%. The more seconds the needle dries out in the open air, the more confidently this indicator is reduced to 0.03%.

There are many ways to avoid contracting AIDS and HIV under any circumstances. It should be noted that the virus, which poses a mortal danger, in turn, is also very vulnerable. It is killed by water, air, temperature fluctuations, unfavorable environment. Compliance with moral and hygienic standards, the rejection of dubious surgical and cosmetic interventions will help to nullify the risk of infection.