% of the unemployed were looking for work on their own without the assistance of employment services (in April 2011 - 63%). At the same time, men were less likely to apply to employment services in search of work than women. Among unemployed men, the share of job seekers through employment services in April 2012 was 28.9%, among unemployed women - 35.6%. When looking for a job, it is most preferable to turn to the help of friends, relatives and acquaintances - it is used by more than half of the unemployed.
Thus, there are no significant gender differences in the scale of unemployment. But for women, a longer period of job search is typical. Among them, the proportion of those who are in a state of long-term unemployment is higher.
The lower level of exit from unemployment for women is associated with worse employment opportunities, less competitiveness in the labor market, which is a reflection, among other things, of the discriminatory practices of Russian employers. At the same time, a longer search period also reflects the more passive behavior of women, their less activity in job search, and the fact that they have less incentives for employment.
On the whole, a very high level of women's economic activity remains in Russia. This is facilitated by the fact that the constant labor activity of women is still necessary to ensure the family budget. For most households, one working spouse cannot provide the necessary level of consumption and well-being. In addition, the high level of women's employment is supported by established social traditions and a high level of education. Women's participation in income-generating activities is a socially acceptable norm of behaviour. Women continue to have broad employment opportunities and access to jobs.
The vast majority of Russian women are working or looking for work (90%). The vast majority of working women (96.3%) are in the wage labor force. Only 3.7% of them are self-employed, and only 0.9% are employers themselves.
Limited employment opportunities, lack of vacancies and discriminatory actions of employers force women to take entrepreneurial initiative and seek self-employment opportunities in search of work and earnings.
The spheres of women's entrepreneurship are light industry, folk crafts and crafts, production and processing of agricultural products, trade and purchasing activities, household services, public catering, advisory and educational activities, traditional medicine, cosmetology services, etc.
And in big business a woman is an exception. On average and small, they make up about 30%. State programs in this area have been repeatedly proclaimed, but none of them has been implemented. Women's business survives in very, very difficult conditions, due to the initiative and ability of women to adapt socially.
The economic activity of women, unlike men, is negatively affected by the number of children. This result can be easily explained, because it is women who bear the main burden associated with the upbringing of children. For women, a stronger (than for men) positive impact on the level of economic activity is exerted by the level of education. This means that for women, education has a greater payoff in terms of improving their position in the labor market. For men, more than for women, the contribution to the change in the level of economic activity is made by health characteristics. Trends in the impact of health on labor force participation are the same for both men and women, but with very poor health scores, men's labor force participation rate declines more.
It can be concluded that although unemployment affects men and women equally, the consequences for them are different. Women's unemployment, due to its long-term nature, is one of the mechanisms for pushing women out of the labor market. Unemployed women turn out to be a more problematic group, since the loss of a job for them is associated with a lower probability of getting out of unemployment compared to men.
2. Spheres of employment of men and women
Gender segregation is manifested in the asymmetric distribution of men and women in various structures: sectoral, professional and official.
Rice. 1. Employment of men and women in various fields of activity (2011)
In general, we can conclude that the main area of female employment is the service sector. It employs almost 60% of women, while the share of this sector in the employment of men is less than 30%.
The highest concentration of women is observed in such sectors as health care, social security, education (women make up about 4/5 in this sector), culture and art, finance, credit, and insurance. The level of unskilled workers among women is 52.5% of the level of all unskilled workers.
To date, several studies have been carried out on the professional orientation of women. According to one of them, four types are quite clearly distinguished among Russian women:
"career women" - those who want to grow professionally and work
full time work. They turned out to be 5.3% among the married and 5.8% among the unmarried.
married women;
"professionally oriented women" who want to pursue a career, but prefer to work part-time. They turned out to be 26.1% and 48%, respectively;
"working mothers" - those who do not want to make a career and choose
part-time mode. Of these, 35.3% and 38.5% among married
and unmarried women;
"housewives" - those who do not want to make a career and prefer
not work at all - 33.3% and 7.7%, respectively.
Today, the Russian sphere of employment is dominated by persistent stereotypes about women and men as workers.
According to these stereotypes, men at work are better at leadership, more resilient, have higher productivity, think more about work and are more committed to it, are more inventive and technically savvy, though at the same time they are more prone to alcoholism and absenteeism. At the same time, women are characterized by accuracy, higher diligence, higher responsibility and discipline, but at the same time they think more about the house than about work, they are less likely to agree to an uncomfortable work regime and, most importantly, young women are not reliable and convenient as employees, because at any time they can go on maternity leave, take parental leave or sick leave to care for a sick child.
Such a stereotypical perception of all men and women is the basis for the unequal treatment of employers towards working men and women, and, consequently, the basis for the formation of discrimination in the world of work.
Employers perceive women as a less useful workforce, because women have to combine work activities with family responsibilities, so they can be less expected to have professional zeal and aspirations for career growth, etc. In turn, women, knowing that they are treated as less preferable workers, do not even try to compete with men, and for their employment they choose such professions and activities that not only require less labor effort from them, but also allow more comfortable to combine household chores with professional employment.
Thus, it can be concluded that there is a gender distribution by sector of employment. And also among men there are more highly qualified specialists.
. Wage level of men and women
In Russian legislation, the dependence of the amount of wages on the size and quality of the employee's labor contribution is fixed.
Table 3
Average accrued wages of men and women by surveyed types of economic activity (2011)
2011 (rub.) |
||||
|
||||
Mining |
||||
Manufacturing industries |
||||
Construction |
||||
Hotels and restaurants |
||||
Transport and communications |
||||
Education |
||||
Activities for the organization of recreation and entertainment, culture and sports |
Table 4
The ratio of women's wages to men's wages by surveyed types of economic activity (2011)
Total for surveyed types of economic activity |
|
Mining |
|
Manufacturing industries |
|
Production and distribution of electricity, gas and water |
|
Construction |
|
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles, household and personal items |
|
Hotels and restaurants |
|
Transport and communications |
|
Operations with real estate, rent and provision of services |
|
research and development |
|
Education |
|
Health and Social Service Delivery |
On average, women's wages are lower than men's (see Tables 3, 4), which is due to the lower official status of women, the differentiation of wages by industry, the concentration of women in traditional sectors of the economy in relatively low-paid jobs, and the ongoing gender segregation in the field of labor, belonging to a certain form of ownership, with social and physical burdens that a family woman bears, etc.
At the same time, there are sectors and professions characterized by high wages, where women traditionally predominate (banks, real estate, advertising, small business, etc.), but in which recently, due to the financial crisis in the economy ( and in the Russian crisis it also has its own characteristics and problems), there is a tendency for them to be forced out by men.
4. Employment of men and women in the family
The difference in the position of men and women in the labor market and in the economic sphere is based on differences in the structures of time distribution. Despite the high level of labor activity of women, in the 21st century, the unwritten “social contract” is still in force, which fixes the distribution of roles in the family and in the labor market. Historically, for a long time it has developed that women have the main responsibility for running the household and caring for children, and the duty of a man is to be the breadwinner of the family, to earn income. This leads to the fact that, especially given the high level of employment of women in Russia, men's time is more distributed between work and leisure, and for women between work, leisure and household activities.
The issues of family life, organization of joint labor and employment of women attract the attention of many researchers. So, sociologists have determined that all household chores take 4-5 hours from a woman every day.
To organize a normal family life, it is necessary to perform the following work: preparing breakfasts, lunches, dinners, preparing food for the future (canning, salting, drying vegetables, fruits, mushrooms); buying food in stores, cleaning the apartment, washing and ironing clothes, caring for children, accompanying them to kindergarten, nursery or school, monitoring children's studies and providing them with the necessary assistance in this, games and conversations with children, reading and discussing books read , visiting school. And how much time is taken away by various kinds of minor matters, such as repairing clothes and linen, caring for indoor plants, teaching children various types of labor (washing dishes, cooking, wet cleaning the apartment, laundry). Most of the housework is done by the woman.
According to sociological research, a woman works every day, taking into account work at work and at home, 12-15 hours, and this is one and a half shifts, not counting participation in public life. With such a load, the woman is very tired.
Studies show that almost all women are engaged in domestic work, but among men, one in five is generally exempted from doing housework. At the same time, women's domestic work is longer than men's: the average time spent by women per week on all types of domestic work is 30.3 hours, while for men it is only 14.0 hours.
The Russian peculiarity of the division of roles and responsibilities between men and women is that, despite the high workload of the household, most women today have paid employment.
And the involvement of women in social production often results in serious losses in the field of reproduction of the main productive force of society - man. Statistics record an inverse correlation between the level of professional employment of women and the birth rate. Moreover, professionally employed women spend much less time on childcare than unemployed women. The time specially allotted for communication with children by a working mother is practically insignificant (E.I. Martynova, L.T. Shineleva). This tendency to reduce the birth rate is especially evident in conditions of social uncertainty, which is typical at the current stage of development of Russian society.
The time of paid employment for men and women does not differ much: in 2009, women worked on average 36.5 hours per week in their main job, and men - 39.3 hours. At the same time, housekeeping and raising children (especially small ones) are considered the business of a woman, regardless of whether she works or not. So women have a "double employment".
At the same time, most women believe that they are forced to work for financial reasons. After all, on the one hand, the salary of most Russian men does not allow them to provide a reasonable standard of living for their families, so a woman’s salary becomes a significant contribution to the family budget (in an ordinary Russian family, a wife’s earnings are usually comparable to her husband’s).
On the other hand, some Russian women today do not have or almost do not have such support from their husbands: excessive alcohol consumption, drug addiction is a predominantly “male” problem, and male irresponsibility is a rather typical phenomenon.
Conclusion
In Russia, the distribution of roles and responsibilities between men and women remains extremely traditional. Most Russians, both men and women, are convinced that raising children and housework is more suitable for women, and earning money is more suitable for men.
In words, many modern men and women agree that domestic work in the family should be divided equally between husband and wife. But in reality, the upbringing of children and housework fall mainly on women's shoulders.
Today, Russian women retain their full presence in the labor market: among all employed, they make up 49%, and men, respectively, 51%. Russian labor legislation does not contain discriminatory provisions against women. However, there are many unresolved gender issues in the world of work.
In our country, discrimination in employment is one of the most common types of discrimination that can occur at any stage of the recruitment procedure, from the advertisement of a vacancy, the selection of candidates to the final stage - the registration of an employee for a job.
Discrimination against women in hiring often begins at the very moment when the employer only advertises a vacancy in his company.
Many employers tend to hire only women who are free from family responsibilities. At the same time, many private business owners sincerely do not understand why they cannot hire workers at their “own” enterprise the way they want. Therefore, when applying for a job, a situation is quite typical when an employer asks a woman looking for a job questions regarding her marital status, the number of children, their age, the woman’s intention to have more children in the near future, etc. (men are not asked such questions).
Many of these advertisements placed in the media directly indicate not only the gender of the desired employee, but sometimes his (her) age, and sometimes the preferred appearance of the future employee (the latter requirement is put forward only when the employer wants to hire a woman).
Unfortunately, the discrimination of job postings does not end with illegal requirements for the gender, age and appearance of the applicant. An in-depth analysis of all submitted ads shows that, on average, vacancies intended for "women" are offered significantly lower wages than the average for "male" vacancies.
Despite a higher level of education, women's salaries lag significantly behind men's salaries (women receive, on average, only 64% of men's salaries).
This is due to significant gender segregation (industry, professional and vertical). Women work in less paid industries and occupy lower positions on the career ladder (on average).
Among the Russians there is a fairly tolerant attitude towards this. Both the authorities and the population tend to view this difference not as a problem caused by discrimination against women in the labor sphere, but as a natural consequence of women's greater natural predisposition to housekeeping and raising children.
According to Art. 4 of the UN Convention "On the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women" (1979), temporary measures aimed at accelerating the establishment of de facto equality between men and women are not considered discriminatory, but these measures should not entail the maintenance of unequal or differentiated standards; these measures should be lifted when the goals of equality of opportunity and equal treatment have been achieved,
Hence, "special measures aimed at protecting maternity are not considered discriminatory."
Thus, I believe that in the course of the study, we have found the answer to the question: "Equal rights for men and women in various spheres of society: myth or reality?". Men and women in Russian society do not have equal rights. And only in some cases these unequal measures are forced and aimed at protecting motherhood and childhood.
Bibliography
1. The ABC of Women's Workers' Rights and Gender Equality. / [Electronic resource] ILO, 2008
Babaeva, L.V. Women: Actual directions of social policy. / [Text] // Socis. 1997. - No. 7.
3. Ershova, E. Implementation by the Russian Federation of the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women / [Text] M., Consortium of Women's Non-Governmental Associations. 2012. - 15s.
4. Employment and unemployment in the Russian Federation in April 2012 / [Electronic resource] gks.ru
Labor costs and wages. / [Electronic resource]
UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women / [Electronic resource]
The concept of the demographic policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. / [Electronic resource]
8. Mezentseva E.B. Men and women in domestic work: the logic of economic rationality versus the logic of gender identity? / [Text] // Gender equality: the search for solutions to old problems. MOT, M.: 2003.
9. Problems of legal protection of women from discrimination in the sphere of labor and employment. M.: KZhNO, 2008 / [Electronic resource]
Roshchin S. Yu. Gender equality and empowerment of women in Russia in the context of the Millennium Development Goals / [Electronic resource] Text of the report provided (with the consent of the author)
Kalinaeva G.V., Head of the UN Working Group on Encouragement
For placement on the portal "Woman and Society". 2003.-
Dictionary of gender terms / [Text] - M.; "Information-XXI century". 2002
What are the most vulnerable places, how do they experience jealousy, how do they relate to barque and sex? What is the fundamental difference between a man and a woman?
Women are very touchy when it comes to appearance/age/weight. There is no better way to piss off a lady than to hint at a member that has fallen in her presence. Men, don't be in a hurry to say "hahaha". There's no better way to piss you off than to hint at your dropped dick. Or not fully combat-ready.
Men generally come forward as a united front, while women are divided. If you write, for example, about the betrayal of your spouse, then the men will shout in unison “throw this whore”, while women will not always support the deceived. Part will begin to say something like “you just didn’t give him something”, “you are too fat”, “you don’t take care of yourself”.
Men and women experience jealousy differently. For a man, this is some kind of uncontrollable flash, a state as if all the emergency sirens were turned on in his head at once. Kill it, tear it apart, trample it, destroy both of them!!! Woo-woo-woo!
For a woman, this is rather an annoying feeling, something like when a child crap one's pants again, or anxiety about the loss of resources, or feelings that it is not so good. Maybe go on a diet? Inject Botox? Give the phone number of a good master.
If a woman recovered in marriage, for example, by 7 kg, then at least 50% of women will write to her that this is not possible. If a man recovered in marriage by 107 kg, then 99% of men will immediately come running who will say that the poor fellow is just tired at work and he has such genetics.
Women, oddly enough, are easier to experience a breakup. Of course, they are very emotional, and react violently, but their suffering is less. A man is going through a break with a woman valuable to him for many years. That is why there is so much aggression on the “divorced women” in the network, and almost no aggression on the “divorced women”. Everyone gives a shit about them, including ex-wives.
Many men confuse sex and marriage. And, much more often than women. If a man marries, then we can say for sure that this woman is the best thing he has managed to have lately. However, the same cannot be said for women. Women get married first, and the problem of sex begins to be solved later, as less laborious.
Men are sure that 50 to 80% of women are frigid. Women claim that the same number of men are shitty lovers. Which one is right, I don't know.
In the event of a drop in the combat effectiveness of a member of the woman, they say contemptuously “impotent”, and then they don’t think about what the situation was like, the prelude and their appearance. For complacency, they often imagine the mythical fucking terrorist. They tell each other stories about them. Usually this is a guest from a distant southern country, black-eyed and black-haired, he is 21 years old and has - you think - even on 90-year-old old women. And when you call him, he is always ready, and always burns that he is “bored”.
Men, on the other hand, often grasp the thought, like a straw, for a mythical young woman. Here he will find one, and the member will stand up like a stone. You don't need to treat your prostatitis.
If a woman is not very happy with her appearance, she puts Monica Bellucci on her profile picture. Men prefer bears, wolves and dinosaurs.
Those women who, in response to injections of age and loss of beauty, frighten men with a belly and a bald head, act incorrectly. They really don’t understand what’s wrong with them (although we do know.) If we are to scare, then impotence, senile impotence, etc.
Men and women are equally mistaken in that they can live without each other. On a global scale, no.
One law for some, another for others
Along with equality between men and women, the Russian Constitution guarantees the equality of all before the law and the courts; including regardless of gender. True, the criminal legislation of Russia regulates that a woman cannot be sentenced to death and life imprisonment. There are also milder conditions for women; ladies are not kept in colonies of strict and special regimes and in prisons. The maximum that awaits a criminal in the Russian Federation is a general regime colony. Similar norms, enshrined in the penitentiary code of our country, also authorize a number of other advantages for female prisoners. In particular, for violating the established procedure for serving a sentence, malicious male offenders are transferred to cell-type premises for up to one year. And malicious violators - women - only for three months.
The Russian Federation is by no means a leader in male discrimination in criminal law. In prosperous Sweden, criminal liability comes not for prostitution, but for using the services of “priestesses of love”. It is not a prostitute who pays a fine and goes to prison, but her client. Local laws state: "A person who, through a reward, induces another person to engage in casual sexual intercourse - ... may be sentenced to pay a monetary fine or to imprisonment for up to six months on charges of purchasing sexual services."
In many countries of the world, according to the criminal law, only men are still convicted of rape. Including Russia. According to the domestic Criminal Code, it is permissible to bring a woman to criminal responsibility only for “violent acts of a sexual nature”. Also, the criminal code does little to protect men from false allegations of rape. False accusations, with very few exceptions, go unpunished. And first of all in those countries where most of all they like to blather about "equality".
On the “impartiality” of criminal justice
Gender equality is not respected by criminal justice either. For the same crimes, the courts give women lighter sentences than men. Anna Shavenkova, while drunk driving, hit two people. Despite the fact that one of these girls died and the other remained disabled, Shavenkova safely escaped imprisonment.
Businessman Sergei Timin was hacked to death with an ax by his wife Tatyana. The court left the woman at large, giving her a suspended sentence.
The double morality of the judicial system is especially evident when a man and a woman commit a crime together. As in the case of the Grechyushkin family of child murderers, where the husband was given life imprisonment, and the wife was only sixteen years old.
No less high-profile trial of two Russian nationalists, Nikita Tikhonov and Evgenia Khasis. The couple killed lawyer Stanislav Markelov and journalist Anastasia Baburova. He has a life sentence. She was sixteen years.
Alexander Sorokin and Irina Zavatskaya "had fun" with robbery attacks on prostitutes. They beat prostitutes and took away their cash. Sorokin received eleven years, Zavatskaya nine.
In the state of victorious feminism, the United States of America, ladies likewise enjoy leniency in the courts. Moreover, women receive symbolic sentences even for the most serious crimes. While men "rake" for long periods and for minor offenses. American human rights activist Richard Doyle specializing in the violation of the rights of the male half, Save The Males provides many examples of unequal treatment of offenders and offenders in the North American continent.
American actress Claudine Longet murdered her athlete boyfriend Vladimir Sabich when she was young. He found himself a new girlfriend and the enraged artist, out of jealousy, shot him with a pistol. The court appointed Longet one month in prison. The same amount was received by a man who only fished in violation of local legislation.
A man and a woman committed hooligan acts together. The rushing police arrested only a man.
A husband and wife were convicted of selling their 12-year-old daughter. The man has a real prison term. The woman is conditional.
The Central Intelligence Agency became famous throughout the world for its brutal treatment of prisoners in secret prisons. In particular, in "Abu Ghraib", the man Charles Griner and the woman Lindy England especially "tried". But the verdict was not the same. Greiner was sentenced to ten years, and England to three years.
In the era of “equality”, a man is punished for a crime practiced by a woman. Alba woman Ingrid Scarpeli repeatedly committed violence against her son, and the boy's father, Alan Lee Holmes, just stood aside and looked. Scarpeli was sentenced to eighteen months of community service, and Holmes to eight years in prison.
A female pedophile, Pamela Dil-Moore, abused a 13-year-old boy. Her sentence is a suspended sentence of five years. A man who raped a 13-year-old girl in the USA, depending on the state, gets thirty, fifty, one hundred years.
Another American pedophile, Debra Lafave, also escaped prison for sexual abuse of boys. The pervert's lawyer said that his client was "too beautiful to go to jail"...
“Society has lost its sense of proportion. A woman can kill a man and receive a less severe punishment than a man who does not pay child support or urinates on the street, ”states about the current situation Richard Doyle.
The policy of double standards in criminal justice has led to an overabundance of men in prisons. Especially characteristic of the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The number of convicts per capita in the Russian Federation and the United States exceeds similar European figures by ten times. But if in Russia, thanks to the liberalization of the penitentiary system, there is a gradual reduction in the prison contingent, then in the citadel of democracy, everything is exactly the opposite. Richard Doyle cites the following information: The United States makes up only 5% of the total population of the globe. At the same time, 25% of all prisoners in the world fall on the North American continent. The number of prisoners in American prisons exceeds even the number of inhabitants in a number of American states. There are more people behind bars in "the world's freest and most democratic country" than there are in Nevada, West Virginia, New Mexico, Nebraska, Maine, Idaho, Montana, Delaware, South Dakota, North Dakota and Alaska.
A similar double standard exists in the application of the death penalty. Formally, in the United States, both sexes can be sentenced to capital punishment; even for a single murder. But realistically, female killers tend to avoid the death penalty. And even for several murders. Mr. Doyle describes the stories of two child murderers, Andrea Yates and Susan Smith. The first killed five children, and the second two. And both women did not receive death sentences, escaping with prison. Although a man for such crimes would be sentenced to death.
We would have to defend the Motherland ...
The state does not authorize maternal duty. A girl is not obliged to become a mother and has the right to decide whether to give birth to her or not. Likewise, women are not encouraged to sit in the kitchen. Ladies have the right to freely dispose of their own destiny and live the way they want. Men have no such right. Since every young man, upon reaching the age of 18, regardless of his desire, is obliged to devote a year of his life to compulsory service in the Armed Forces.
Conscription severely limits the constitutional rights of men. The right to life is “removed” by the charter, which obliges a soldier to sacrifice his life. The right to respect for human dignity is ignored by compulsory medical examinations in military commissariats. A soldier is deprived of the right to freedom of movement and choice of place of residence. The ban on forced labor does not apply to conscripts.
For external security, a number of states use professional Armed Forces. The most powerful army in the world - the American one - is formed on a voluntary basis. The Japanese army is also recruited. Germany also refused the draft. The external defense of Great Britain is provided exclusively by professionals. In fact, the conscription does not exist to protect the state, but as a supplier of free labor for general needs. If the conscription is cancelled, then who will build dachas for our "valiant" military leaders?
Welfare state for the elite
The Russian Constitution promises citizens social rights. Article 7 paragraph 2 states: “In the Russian Federation, the labor and health of people are protected, a guaranteed minimum wage is established, state support is provided for the family, motherhood, fatherhood, and childhood, the disabled and the elderly, a system of social services is being developed, state pensions are being established, allowances and other guarantees…”.
In reality, the state is social, only in relation to the female population. We protect women's health by creating a wide network of gynecological clinics throughout the country. But here is andrology - the branch of medicine dealing with male problems - the state just as diligently ignores. The abundance of andrological consultations necessary for the protection of men's health is not observed in Russia. Which is one of the reasons for the huge gap in life expectancy between the weak and strong half. Women in Russia live longer than men by an average of 12-14 years and go on a well-deserved rest earlier. According to the federal law on pensions, the retirement age for the beautiful half of the Russian Federation comes at 55, and for the strong at 60.
In some countries, male discrimination in pension legislation is leveled. In the UK, where females retired at 60 and males at 65, it is proposed to set the same age for everyone. And in countries such as Germany, Norway and Japan, men and women go on a well-deserved vacation together.
The state protects women's labor no less carefully, limiting its use to a special list that includes the sectors of the economy that are most harmful to life and health. In addition, labor legislation also provides for benefits for women working in adverse conditions: “For women working in the regions of the Far North and equivalent areas, a 36-hour working week is established by a collective agreement or labor contract, if a shorter working week is not provided for by federal law. At the same time, wages are paid in the same amount as for a full working week.
The situation with the support of fatherhood looks especially cynical, because all the activities of the state are aimed only at supporting motherhood. Meetings on this topic are regularly held in the government, while Elena Mizulina, who heads the affairs of the family, women and children, is conveniently “located” at the Duma. The apotheosis of this policy was the creation of maternity capital, which a woman receives for her second child and can use, among other things, to increase her future pension. For a man, the state does not pay any paternal capital for the second offspring.
Fathers are also discriminated against in divorce. Since when the marriage is terminated, the child almost automatically remains with the woman. And a man has very little chance of gaining custody of his offspring. In addition, the state obliges to pay alimony, but does not oblige their recipient to count on whether they were really spent on the child.
Anyone interested in male discrimination can read about it in my book Sexual Racism. From there you will also learn that military service is by no means a constitutional duty of men. A young man who has reached the age of 18 should know that he has every right not to serve in the army. The "gaps" that allow not to be a slave of the state are spelled out in the Constitution itself. Read and do not go to serve!
General provisions
1. Man and woman are free and equal in all rights
Differences in obligations can only come from the difference in their physical capabilities.
2. Mutual respect for rights and freedoms is the basis for the relationship between a man and a woman.
3. A man and women may be in a matrimonial (marital) union, the obligations for the execution of which they accept and observe voluntarily.
Coercion to enter into a marriage union is unacceptable.
4. The main business of man on earth is the reproduction of a healthy generation, and the leading role here belongs to a woman. The main duty of a man is to help a woman in her fulfillment of her biological function of motherhood.
5. A man and a woman must lead a healthy lifestyle and are obliged to provide their partner in a marital union with the necessary assistance in caring for procreation.
6. A woman has an absolute, undeniable and preemptive right to choose the biological father of her children.
7. No one has the right to unreasonably create conditions for a woman that limit her ability to procreate.
Legal etiquette of relations between a man and a woman
8. A man should build his relationship with a woman so that she feels a kind and loving attitude towards her and the readiness of a man to be her helper and protector.
9. A man should be the first to offer help to a woman. A man's treatment of a woman should not be overbearing, intrusive, rude or offensive.
10. A man does not have the right to use physical force to coerce a woman or prove his innocence.
11. Every woman, in response to a man’s proposals, has the right to say “no” without explaining the reason for her refusal.
12. No one can require a woman to do what she does not want.
13. No one has the right to demand from a woman to be without clothes or to wear clothes that she has not chosen for herself.
Sex relations.
14. Love and sexual relations are allowed only between a man and a woman and should occur when they reach the age of physical maturity, by mutual attraction and consent, and be satisfied in a natural way.
Intercourse between a man and a woman in adulthood and "face to face" are considered natural physiological relationships.
15. Coercion to physical intercourse in exchange for material and social benefits or in an unnatural way is immoral and should not be allowed in society.
16. A man and a woman should understand that the sexual attraction that they experience for each other has the main purpose of motivating them to procreate.
The ratio of men and women who are not married.
17. The ethics of relations between a man and a woman who are not in a marriage union is to treat each other neutrally, like brothers and sisters, i.e.
neither by his behavior, nor by his word, nor by his thoughts should he assume and have no intentions to incline to intimate relationships.
18. The transition to intimate relations between a free man and a woman can only take place after such an offer is made by one of the parties, and the other is accepted.
No man has the right to be in a claim to a woman if she chose another.
19. The inadmissibility on the part of a man of offering intimate relations to a woman who is in a marriage union with another man is accepted as a norm of respect for her and their union.
Reviews
A woman cannot become a man, and a man cannot become a woman. This is not possible physically and anatomically. Man is a complex organism and surgeons cannot remake it.
Another thing is when a man or a woman is not a pronounced gender representative, but has signs of both. (And this has its own deep reasons)
Such individuals are not male or female, they are Hermofordites (or transvestites). But this is not my topic. I talked about Men and Women.
And everyone has the right to be called and position themselves and wear other clothes. This is an external manifestation and it has no meaning.
Sexual organs are needed - planted, unnecessary - removed, hormones are injected. The rest is just how it goes. And there are already quite a few of those "remade" ... You seem to live on another planet. Thai plastic surgeons have been successfully doing this kind of garbage for ten years already ...
It just doesn't interest me. I believe that a person is born a man or a woman, and all these operations are perverts. What do I care about them. You never know what fools are busy with. There in Thailand, people don’t wear rings around their necks, and whoever has more rings is more beautiful. There are also all sorts of fun with a tattoo on the body, too - bread for a psychoanalyst.
Germany will be the first country in Europe to recognize children of a so-called third or indeterminate sex, who will be registered in the same way as normal newborns from November 1.
The decision to recognize children born without clear gender characteristics was taken on the recommendation of the Constitutional Court, writes the Süddeutsche Zeitung.
Such children will be registered without gender on their birth certificates.
If earlier people born at once with both female and male genitalia were registered according to either sex, depending on the wishes of the parents or the recommendations of doctors, now such violence against children will no longer be committed, the source said.
Subsequently, people of "indeterminate" gender will be able to register themselves as a man or a woman, or continue to follow the line of a person who does not have a specific gender.
The legislators emphasize that if transsexuals, people who have changed their gender already in adulthood, have received in Germany the same rights as ordinary citizens, then why should those born of an "indeterminate" sex suffer.
According to many experts, this is the first legal recognition of the rights of people who are neither male nor female. Such a decision could completely change the legal system of the country and turn the established public opinion and system upside down: now even children will know that in addition to the traditional division of society into men and women, there are people of an "undefined" gender who have the same rights and obligations as the rest.
August 19, 2013, 10:30 am
Equality between men and women is one of the most important issues of the 21st century. Today, morals, attitudes, attitudes towards family and life values in general, both among men and women, differ significantly from the views of our ancestors.
Equality in the family is an eternal topic for disputes between females and males. Women demand equality in all areas of activity, both in family life and in career growth. At the same time, all conflicts that appear as a result of quarrels are most often associated with a misunderstanding of the concept of equality and equality.
Equality between a man and a woman, according to many, is simply an illusion. This is also confirmed by the Equity Index, which is published annually by the World Economic Forum, which calculates the opportunities for men and women in politics, careers, health care and education.
Gender equality
Today, most divorces are due to conflicts based on inequality and infringement of someone's rights. Women compete with men for leadership, which causes discontent among men, while a woman completely loses her inherent traits and traditions, becoming cruel. There is one saying: "Woman's road - from the stove to the doorstep." And this saying, as an obsession, has settled in the brains of both representatives of the sex, just like "men don't cry." But in the end, these stereotypes have led to the fact that it is simply unrealistic for a woman to climb the career ladder, and a man has to drag the burden of responsibility alone under constant doubts about his masculine strength. Equality in relations will not change, even if you adopt thousands of laws and codecs, and read millions of articles on gender, many are convinced, until we understand that we are all people, and such concepts as good work, strength, washing dishes do not depend on whether you are a man or a woman.
It should not be denied that discrimination against the weaker sex still exists and women's equality implies, first of all, equality of opportunity. A burning example: in one company for a high position there was a choice between a man and a woman, preference was given to a man because of his mere belonging to the male sex, although the girl was more experienced and more suitable for this position. Where is the logic?
Naturally, another phenomenon became inevitable, namely the struggle for the equality of women, which entailed many more various problems and phenomena that also focus the gender issue, including the women's movement for equality. Of course, it is clear that we are talking about the struggle for equality in the field of employment, since it is in this area that a woman experiences extreme infringement and refusals. Because the real reason for all employers' refusals is their fear of losing an employee shortly after hiring him, because not a single boss wants to wait for an economist for 2-3 years until she comes out of maternity leave, and at the same time, keeping a place for a young mother is also very inconvenient.
Many are wondering if this gender equality is necessary at all? There are two polar opinions on this question, outlined above. Either for or against. There is no third. But it is worth noting that men also experience some , but that is a topic for a separate article. And it is also unpleasant to realize the existing requirements for women.
Since, gradually agreeing that a woman’s place is not only at the stove, people still continue to demand that she correspond to two roles now: a mother responsible for raising children, a husband and a careerist, which maximizes her career. Men are also required to be not just good specialists, but also “strong men of this world” and to cope with the difficulties that fall on both representatives of the couple. And all this ongoing struggle will not stop until we understand that we are all people, and no one owes anything to anyone.