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It is impossible to imagine a stay in a kindergarten without joyful holidays, touching matinees, friendly tea parties and fun starts. Activities organized by the teacher as part of leisure activities give preschoolers vivid impressions that will last a lifetime. And at the same time, in a fun way, the guys get new knowledge and reveal their creative abilities, become more proactive and independent.

The value of organizing leisure activities in kindergarten

Leisure activity is a complex social area in which a person restores his psychological state through rest, realizes the need for physical activity, communicates and develops himself. An adult independently plans what to do with his free time, the child needs help in this, to direct his activities. Since leisure is a synthesis of entertaining activities and cognition, it is organized by teachers as part of the social order - the comprehensive development of the child's personality.

Leisure is a synthesis of various activities, for example, physical, musical, entertaining and educational.

The purpose and principles of organizing leisure in a preschool educational institution

Leisure activities in the preschool educational institution are aimed at the formation of a healthy, active, harmoniously developed creative personality.

The purpose of organizing leisure and entertainment for preschoolers is to instill in children moral and aesthetic values, love for traditions and the desire for cultural recreation. This is a special area of ​​the educational process in kindergarten, which takes into account the needs and interests of the children. Using various forms and methods of organization and taking into account the individual characteristics of pupils, teachers saturate cultural and leisure activities with moral content, while observing the principles:

• positive tension: creating a friendly atmosphere, positive emotions, getting joy from communication and collective activities;
• independence: creation of conditions for self-development and disclosure of the creative potential of each pupil;
• complexity: taking into account all components of a healthy lifestyle;
• integrity: the development of children's self-awareness.

Having fun, children join the folk traditions and history of the country

Activities

Activities within the framework of cultural and leisure activities can be divided into thematic blocks:

• Sports:
  
• Musical:
  
• Literary:
  
• Theatrical:
  
• Art:
  
• Intellectual: conducting quizzes, games of ingenuity and didactic games (brain ring, KVN, “I want to know everything”, “Field of Miracles”).

  Participation in intellectual games develops intelligence and the spirit of healthy competition

• Ecological:
  • formation of ecological consciousness in children,
  • education of love for nature and native land,
  • excursions to the park, agricultural town, farm,
  • participation in environmental campaigns.

Activities can integrate different areas of children's activities, such as physical and speech

Table: tasks of cultural and leisure activities in kindergarten

Types of leisure and entertainment in the preschool educational institution

Work within the framework of cultural and leisure activities is carried out daily. The educator organizes independently, with the involvement of a music director or a teacher in physical education, and establishes interaction with parents. Free time should not be filled exclusively with rehearsals for children's matinees, there are various types of leisure activities for preschoolers.

• Relaxation. After a strong mental stress, the child needs to restore the balance of power, rest. The ability of self-regulation (determining the need to relax, change the type of activity) is formed by the senior preschool age. The prevention of overwork among pupils of junior and middle groups is organized by the teacher. Rest can be spent in a passive form: children look at pictures in books, have calm conversations, play quiet games, listen to a teacher reading a book. If the child is not able to relax with traditional methods, psychological support can be provided (for example, play with the child in the "Magic Room" or in the "Water and Sand Center"). Active recreation implies physical activity: participation in outdoor games, gymnastics, riding while walking on a bicycle, scooter, sled, etc.
  

  Children can rest on their own, using the resources of the object-spatial environment in the group.

  Active recreation involves relieving stress through physical activity.

• Entertainment. This type of cultural and leisure activity compensates for the routine, unemotional moments in everyday life. Entertainment causes a sense of joy in children and genuine interest. At the same time, there is an incentive to receive new information, and if the child is a participant in an entertaining action, the practical skills acquired during classes are improved and consolidated. In kindergarten, preschoolers can only be spectators (watching a play, a science show, a musician's performance). Parents of pupils are involved in the entertainment (conducting creative master classes, musical and literary leisure activities, cognitive and sports quests for family teams). Entertainment varies by subject:
  
• Holidays. Holding events dedicated to public holidays and important events in the life of the kindergarten: Autumn Festival, matinees in honor of Mother's Day, New Year, International Women's Day, Defender of the Fatherland Day, festive concerts for Cosmonautics Day, Victory Day, graduation. In this cultural and leisure activity, preschoolers are active participants, demonstrate their talents, and also help in the preparation and design of the premises.

  For festive events in kindergarten, pupils prepare creative performances, and also participate in the creation of scenery and props

Leisure and entertainment in the preschool educational institution

The teacher should remember that leisure is a compensatory type of children's activity, entertainment and cultural recreation are opposed to routine activities. Therefore, activities in their free time have a bright emotional focus, children should be in a good mood.

Discussion of the heroes and plots of Russian folk tales stimulates children's interest in creative activities

Motivating start of a lesson on cultural and leisure activities

Classes within the framework of cultural and leisure activities contain an obligatory structural component - a motivating beginning. To attract children's interest in the upcoming event, to activate their curiosity, various methods of motivation are used:

• study of visual material:
  • reviewing thematic posters,
  • pictures,
  • reproductions,
  • illustrations in books
  • layouts,
  • mini-exhibitions in the corner of knowledge;
• conducting cognitive and heuristic conversations;
• creating surprises;
• conducting didactic and outdoor games, including in the game situation:
  • visiting a group with a fairy-tale character,
  • imaginary journey to a fantasy land,
  • transfer to a fairy tale (for the performance of a dramatization game);
• reading poems, stories, small folklore forms (chastushkas, jokes, riddles, proverbs and sayings);
• use of ICT: viewing presentations with photo and video materials, musical accompaniment.

Since the leading activity of preschoolers is a game, children are happy to join in game situations and participate in a variety of activities.

Table: examples of a motivating start to a lesson for different topics

Event Planning

Conducting classes within the framework of cultural and leisure activities is given free time in the educational process in the morning and evening. Leisure activities should be systematic and thoughtful, carried out according to calendar and thematic planning. In the classes, the principle of frequent changes in the types of children's activity is observed (observation, conversation, physical education, creative, speech, motor activities).

The frequency of cultural and leisure activities is determined by the age and individual characteristics of the pupils, the scope of the tasks set and the breadth of the content of the holiday or fun. Sports and creative leisure activities are held 1-2 times a month, sports, musical and literary, theatrical holidays and concerts - 2-3 times a year.

A separate place in the planning of leisure and entertainment in kindergarten is occupied by folk and church holidays, street festivities and rituals associated with the folk calendar: harvest festival, Christmas evenings, Christmas festivities, carnival fun, seeing off winter, Palm Sunday and Easter, Honey and Apple Savior . Acquaintance with traditions and ancient customs introduces children to the culture of their native country, fosters a reverent attitude to the preservation of history.

Introduction to folk traditions is an important component of the educational process in preschool educational institutions

Long-term planning involves holding events together with the music director, physical education teacher, teachers of additional education (heads of theatrical and visual activity circles, dance studio, sports sections). During the school year, consultations are held for parents, which indicate the tasks of organizing leisure and entertainment in kindergarten, outline a plan for future cultural events, encourage parents to take the initiative in preparing and participating in events, give a list of recommendations for organizing home leisure (reading, drawing, experimenting). , educational walks). Thus, parents are given the opportunity to cooperate with the teaching staff of the preschool educational institution and become equal participants in the educational process.

Activities involving children with moms and dads have a therapeutic effect on family relationships

Table: card index of topics of cultural events

Table: an example of a summary of cultural and leisure activities in the preparatory group

Temporary lesson plan for cultural and leisure activities

The duration of leisure and entertainment depends on the age and individual characteristics of preschoolers.

Leisure time:

• in junior and middle groups - 25–30 minutes;
• in the senior and preparatory groups - 45–50 minutes.

Holiday duration:

• in the first junior group - 20–30 minutes;
• in the second junior group - 30–35 minutes;
• in the middle group - 45–50 minutes;
• in the senior group - 60 minutes;
• in the preparatory group - up to 1 hour 30 minutes.

The duration of the festive event depends on the age and individual characteristics of the pupils.

Duration of street fun and festivities:

• in junior and middle groups - no more than 1 hour;
• in the senior and preparatory groups - up to 1 hour 30 minutes.

Let us consider the approximate duration of the structural components of specific cultural and leisure activities.

Folklore and physical culture leisure "Cause - time, fun - hour" in the senior group

1. Organizational moment - 2 minutes.
2. Surprise moment - 5 minutes.
3. Mobile game "Horse" - 7 minutes.
4. Game exercises "Guess" - 10 minutes.
5. Mobile game "Cat and Birds" - 6 minutes.
6. Round dance "Sun" - 4 minutes.
7. Sports game "Catch the ball" - 8 minutes.
8. Summing up the results of leisure - 3 minutes.

Musical holiday for the Defender of the Fatherland Day in the preparatory group

1. Greeting guests of the holiday - 2 minutes.
2. Performance of the song "Defenders of the Fatherland" - 3 minutes.
3. Performance of the song "We will serve in the army" - 3 minutes.
4. Intellectual warm-up for the boys' team and the dads' team - 8 minutes.
5. Dance "Sailors and sailors" - 4 minutes.
6. Competition for adults and children "Strongmen" - 6 minutes.
7. Reading poems - 5 minutes.
8. Performance of the song "Our dads" - 3 minutes.
9. Game for children and guests "Sandwiches" - 7 minutes.
10. Poetic congratulations to the boys from the girls of the group - 5 minutes.
11. Game "Obstacle" - 7 minutes.
12. Musical game "Girls hee hee, boys ha ha" - 7 minutes.
13. Dance "Stars" -3 minutes.
14. Congratulatory words from the host of the holiday, presentation of postcards and gifts - 7 minutes.

Leisure with the participation of parents "Maslenitsa" in the middle group

1. Organizational moment - 3 minutes.
2. Excursion to the past (using ICT: informative slide show) - 10 minutes.
3. Competition "Know-it-all" - 5 minutes.
4. Contest "Guess" - 5 minutes.
5. Competition "Folk Games" - 5 minutes.
6. Obstacle racing competition - 4 minutes.
7. Competition "Fistfights" - 4 minutes.
8. Musical competition - 8 minutes.
9. Summing up the results of the competition, an invitation to a tea party with pancakes - 4 minutes.

Examples of organizing leisure and entertainment in kindergarten

Video: music day in kindergarten

Video: literary holiday "Days are flying"

Preparing and conducting collective leisure activities in kindergarten creates a sense of group cohesion. Making decorations for the holiday, distributing roles in a dramatization game, mastering the skill of choral singing, participating in team competitions and quizzes, preschoolers interact positively with each other. In joint activities, the traditions of the group are born, the emotional atmosphere improves. Participation in collective events brings up an active and morally oriented personality in every child.

Olga Bogdanova
Active rest of children in kindergarten

In modern society, high demands are placed on a person, on his knowledge and abilities. The influence of various negative environmental factors on the human body is constantly increasing, which leads to a deterioration in health, to a decrease in mental and physical potential.

Concern for human health has become a priority all over the world.

According to the definition of the World Health Organization, health is not just the absence of disease and infirmity, it is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.

Today the word has become fashionable "physical inactivity". Many understand it in a simplified way - as a lack of movement.

Research testify to that most children today experience "Motor deficit", that is, the number of movements below the age norm. It's no secret that most of the time is spent in a static position. (at the computer, at the table or at the TV). This increases the static load on certain muscle groups and causes them to fatigue. The strength and efficiency of the skeletal muscles decrease, which leads to a violation of posture, curvature of the spine, a delay in the age-related development of speed, flat feet, strength and flexibility.

For many years, physical education has been regarded as a single system of activities aimed at teaching children control your body, help him master such important movements how: running, walking, jumping, etc.

Aristotle said: Movement is life. Nothing exhausts and weakens a person like a prolonged physical impact.

Preschool age is an important period in the formation of human physical health. It is during preschool age that the most favorable time is for developing the right habits, which, combined with teaching preschoolers how to improve and maintain health, will lead to positive results.

Motor activity is an essential component of the organization and behavior of preschoolers. It depends on the organization of physical education children, on the level of their motor readiness, on the conditions of social life and on the individual features of the physique, on the functional capabilities of the growing organism.

In our kindergarten systematic work is carried out to ensure the full active recreation of pupils protection and promotion of their health, disease prevention, the formation of a healthy lifestyle. There are various organizations of physical education in the system of physical culture and health work. It occupies a special place leisure, an important condition for which is the emotional background, interesting actions in sports games and exercises give rise to positive emotions, a cheerful cheerful mood. A preschool child is a person with a constant need for movement and this feature children's the body needs to be maintained and developed. Therefore, the main task for me is Leisure:

Sports activities;

increase interest in classes, consolidate motor qualities, such how: agility and speed, has a beneficial effect on the body children. Sports activities are different in organization and content. Sports leisure is full of activities, takes place without pauses, waste of time, is held once a month in each group no more than 20-50 minutes, depending on age children.

Physical culture holidays;

promote familiarization with physical culture and sports, bring up a sense of friendliness, collectivism, discipline. Conducted starting with the middle group. During the sports festival, children take an interested part in a variety of motor activities - exercises, outdoor and sports games, relay races, dances and attractions. They act with great emotional uplift, striving to achieve the best results in a competitive environment. Demonstrate independence and initiative active application of previously acquired motor skills and abilities. Sports holidays are removed from children overstrain and at the same time provide the necessary physical activity and emotional uplift. Children are preparing for the holiday in advance: learn songs and poems, prepare a motto and team name. The wide use of different game techniques, game exercises, riddles, musical works contributes to a positive emotional mood. children active application of previously acquired motor skills and abilities. So, in overly mobile children develops the ability to bring the task to the end, showing attentiveness and achieving accuracy. They bring up the desire not only for high individual, but also for team success. Sedentary children learn to navigate well and freely in space, participate with interest in collective games, showing such qualities as quick reaction, dexterity and flexibility.

Usually sports holidays are fun, friendly, in a high, emotional mood.

Vacation;

fun time. In our kindergarten are held twice a year (January and May) lasting one week. During the holidays, classes related to mental activity are canceled. Conditions are created for daily, independent motor activity children and physical activities where children expect surprises from fairy tale characters so that children feel that holidays are a holiday, joy and fun. Parents, brothers and sisters of our pupils take part in sports holidays. A positive example of adults serves to increase parental authority. Such a form active rest contributes to the improvement of physical culture - mass work among children and adults.

health days;

contributes to the formation and development of children necessary ideas about health, motivation for a healthy lifestyle, forming an atmosphere of friendship, trust, mutual assistance, desire to help each other. This is not just a part of educational work, it is also a holiday. In our kindergarten It has become a tradition to celebrate Health Day on the last day of every month. On this day, all training sessions in all age groups are canceled, the daily routine is saturated active children. Through entertainment, game exercises and competitions, I help children to know themselves, to evenly distribute their strengths and abilities under any load. On Health Day, I try to ensure that every child leaves the gym in a cheerful mood and with the knowledge gained.

Sport games;

aimed at improving health, improving overall physical fitness children, satisfying their need for movement. Sports games contribute to the education of positive character traits in preschoolers, create favorable conditions for the development of friendly relations in a team, mutual assistance. The main goal is to familiarize children with sports games and exercises, laying the basics of proper technique. Sports games are of the greatest educational value, they require the most extensive participation of all spiritual and bodily forces. Here the conceived plan is combined, the speed of the decision. Caution in its implementation, presence of mind in unforeseen cases, tirelessness and perseverance in carrying out the plan to a strictly intended goal.

Hiking and skiing.

is an effective tool for the comprehensive development of the child's personality. This form active rest is the step at which children acquire initial knowledge about the world around them. Hikes are planned in advance and provided outside kindergarten. Children are very fond of hiking and can walk quite a long distance. The main tasks are - the development of self-organization skills, discipline, fostering a sense of camaraderie and mutual assistance, They create favorable conditions for recovery children, learning new things, fostering love for nature, give a charge of vivacity, optimism and good mood, form a sense of mutual assistance, collectivism, responsibility, contribute to the education of patriotic feelings children. All children get positive emotions and vivid impressions from hiking and skiing trips. It is on hikes that children learn a lot of new and useful information on safe behavior in the forest, admire the beauties of their native nature, and broaden their horizons.

When organizing active rest I take into account climatic conditions, peculiarities of the season, natural factors. Positive results are achieved under the condition of close cooperation between the preschool institution and the family. About the program and time of the upcoming event, children and parents are notified in advance so that they, too, can active get involved in their training.

Activity in motion - a necessary condition for the normative growth and development of the body children.

In the physical education of preschoolers, a certain place is occupied by health days, sports holidays, entertainment, pedestrian crossings as the most effective forms of active recreation for children.

Their goal is the active participation of the whole group in the proposed event, determining the development of physical qualities and motor fitness of children in game situations, fostering a strong interest in active motor activity. In a rational combination with other organizational forms of physical education, they help to create an optimal motor mode, which helps to increase the functional capabilities of the body, improves the performance and hardening of children.

Health Day. In the system of measures aimed at strengthening health, hardening, improving physical development and education in children of the desire to be strong, dexterous, enduring, an important place belongs to the days of health. It is recommended to spend these days in all preschool groups once a month.

The main goal of the health day is to cover all pupils of the group with various physical education activities. Activities are held throughout the day: in the morning - games of medium mobility (during the reception of children), morning exercises, physical education (other training sessions are not held on this day), during walks, various competitions are planned in games and exercises of a sports nature, relay races ( for older children) games, entertainment attractions, physical exercises (running, jumping, throwing, climbing).

When organizing health days, they take into account the climatic features of the season, the possibility of using natural factors (forest, park, meadow, shore of a reservoir, etc.). For example, in winter, the health day program includes outdoor games, sledding, skiing, and skating competitions. Younger children take part in sledding down the mountain, walking on snowy ramparts, making a snowman, etc.

Seniors - in skiing down the mountain, playing ice hockey, skating, playing skiing and skating and the like. For this, snow mountains, ice rinks, and a sports ground are preliminarily prepared.

In regions where snow falls in winter, you can go skiing with older children on this day. The length of its route for the middle group is up to 600-800 m, the senior one is up to 1-1.5 km, the group preparatory to school is up to 2-2.5 km. When planning a hike, you need to first think over the route (especially its safety), the equipment of the children and the organization of outdoor activities (when the children arrive at the final destination of the route).

In the spring-summer period, the opportunities for a more intense health days increase significantly. Children can take part in a variety of games, compete in physical exercises (who will throw the ball farther, long jumps, etc.), riding a bicycle, scooter, rollerblading, and the like.

It is desirable to use fun rides, relay races, and entertainment more widely. So, younger preschoolers are offered to hit the ball into the hoop (basket, roll the ball, knock down the mace, etc.). Older children compete in dribbling with a push of the hand or foot between clubs (cubes), which are placed on the ground at a distance of 1.5 m; running for speed in pairs (holding hands) and the like.

Throughout the warm period of the year on the day of health, it is recommended to carry out a pedestrian crossing, which in time takes the entire walk.

The mood of the children, their activity will be the higher, the more thorough the preparation of the educator, the thoughtful games and competitions, each physical activity of the day of health.

Sports holidays. In the system of physical education of children in a preschool institution, the main place is occupied by sports holidays aimed at the comprehensive implementation of a wide range of health and educational tasks. Studies (T.I. Osokina, E.A. Timofeeva, etc.), which summarized many years of experience in their implementation, testify to the positive impact of physical culture holidays on raising children's interest in active motor activity, as well as involving them in performing various interesting physical activities. exercises, outdoor and sports games, attractions.

Participation in sports holidays helps to reveal independence and initiative in the performance of motor tasks, achieve better results in competitions, foster teamwork, perseverance, responsibility, discipline and other moral and volitional qualities. Involving parents in direct participation in the physical culture festival contributes to the promotion of physical culture among the general population and is one of the active forms of work of the kindergarten teaching staff with parents on physical education.

Sports holidays are held two or three times a year, children of the middle, senior and preparatory groups take direct part in them. Its duration is within one hour, it depends on the age of the children, the conditions for holding and the content of the holiday program. It is more expedient to hold a sports holiday for children of one preschool institution. However, sometimes it is acceptable to combine several groups of older preschoolers from two or three kindergartens, which are located close to each other.

The organizers of a sports festival should make sure that all children actively participate in this holiday: in the performance of gymnastic exercises, relay races, games and other program numbers.

The greatest benefits for strengthening the health and hardening of children are those sports holidays that are held outdoors. They can take place in different natural conditions of the area. For example, a holiday can be held not only at a sports ground, but also at a stadium, in a park, on the seashore (in summer). The theme, structure, content and design of the holiday depend on the specific venue of the holiday.

Preparation for the holiday begins with the preparation of a program that defines the purpose, date, time and place of its holding, a list of program numbers: a parade of participants, mass gymnastic performances, competitions in various types of exercises and games, competitions; determine those responsible for the preparation and holding of the holiday (among them the head or methodologist, group educators, music director, nurse, members of the parent council); indicate the number of participants in the holiday, from which groups they belong; which of the invited (schoolchildren-sportsmen) takes part in demonstration performances (rhythmic gymnastics, acrobatics), the composition of the jury, summing up the results of the competition and rewarding the participants of the holiday.

One of the important sections of work in preparation for a sports holiday is the development of a script. It should be based on programmatic and methodological requirements, which are determined before the physical, aesthetic, moral and hygienic education of preschool children. When compiling a script, you need to try to make the content of the holiday interesting, create the opportunity for the active participation of all preschoolers in it, so that it brings joy and pleasure to children and all adults present.

The content of the holiday largely depends on the time of year and the specific conditions in which it is held. So, if the holiday takes place in warm weather on a sports ground, its content includes mass performances of children who need a lot of space for gymnastic exercises, games - relay races with running, jumping, racing bicycles or scooters, fun attractions (running in bags , tug of war, etc.). If the holiday is held in winter (where there is snow), then they use outdoor games and exercises that can be performed using sleds, skis and skates.

In developing the scenario of the holiday, they take into account its main idea, the motto under which it is held: "Cheerful starts", "Olympians among us", "dexterous, fast, courageous". For example, if the holiday is held under the motto "Hello, winter winter!", Its main task is to promote physical culture, cold air, as important means of promoting health and hardening, educating children's interest in sledding, skiing or skating and outdoor games.

The program of such a holiday should include: sledding with the performance of game tasks (“Who will drive further?”, “Hit the target”, etc.), relay races of skiing or skating games with elements of playing hockey (driving the puck, throwing the puck with a stick at the gate), competition between teams - "Who will make a snowman faster?" but others. At the winter holiday, children do not sing or recite poems, however, the music, the host’s addresses to them (in poetic form) create an emotional and festive mood for those who take part in the holiday and for the audience.

A sports festival in the summer on the site or in the hall is held according to the following scheme:

1. Opening of the holiday, parade of participants under the festive march, greeting of the teams.

2. Performances of the participants of the holiday with gymnastic exercises.

3. Conducting competitions between teams, participating in relay races, games, attractions, a surprise moment.

4. Completion of the holiday, summing up, rewarding, closing of the holiday.

In order to create a solemn atmosphere, it is desirable to brightly decorate the gym or the territory of the site. Multi-colored balls, lanterns, garlands, posters with sports themes are hung in the kindergarten and on the site, flags are set, etc. The territory of the site is swept, covered with sand, green spaces are watered.

In winter, the playground is decorated with snow figures of animals familiar to children, paths are cleared of snow, a skating rink is flooded, etc.

In the festive decoration of the premises and territory of the kindergarten, along with educators and parents, older children actively participate. For the opening of the holiday, expressive solemn music is selected, for the parade - a peppy march. The musical accompaniment of different performances of children should correspond to their character: the performance of gymnastic exercises is accompanied by rhythmic or slow music, games - attractions - cheerful, cheerful. It is best to record musical works for the holiday on tape and ensure its timely broadcast during the holiday.

An important role in the celebration is played by the leader. They can be a teacher, a physical education teacher, an organizer of physical education, a music director or a kindergarten methodologist. The success of the celebration depends on the leader. He must know well the scenario of the holiday, the sequence of performances of its participants, clearly explain the task to the teams, be active, inventive, quickly find a way out of different situations. Throughout the holiday, he activates each of its participants, encourages inactive children in a timely manner, using humor and jokes for this. In the process of managing the holiday, it is obligatory to maintain contacts between the host and the jury of judges, which includes the head of the kindergarten or methodologist, one of the parents, and invited guests. Jury members must be attentive, friendly and objective.

During the analysis of the results of competitions between teams in games and attractions, it is necessary to note the diligence of children, their strict adherence to the rules. Also worrying about maintaining friendly relations between preschoolers, prevent cases of disrespect, hostility towards their comrades.

The opening of the holiday begins with the official part - the participants enter the sports ground or the hall, line up, greet the head of the kindergarten or a representative of other organizations (veteran athlete, representative of the plant, etc.). The opening ends with the hoisting of the flag and a parade of participants. After the solemn part, demonstration performances of children with gymnastic exercises (10-12 exercises) are held. They are performed with different objects: hoops, balls, pennants, multi-colored ribbons and flags.

After completing these exercises, the children are divided into groups according to the number of team members and competitions between them begin.

The attractions of games are of great interest to children: kick the ball with a blindfolded foot, knock down an object suspended on a string with eyes closed; running in bags, carrying balls in a spoon - who is faster? - etc. Between team competitions, demonstration performances are held by gymnasts or acrobats invited to the holiday, figure skaters (in winter) or mass dances, in which all children take part.

A “surprise moment” contributes to the creation of a festive mood - the sudden appearance of Dr. Aibolit, Cheburashka, Snegurochka, Neptune and other fairy-tale heroes, their communication with children, participation in dances and games gives the participants a lot of joy and pleasure.

At the end, the results of the holiday are summed up, awards are given, a general round dance or dances and a parade of its participants are held. The winning team or individual children may be honored by completing a lap of honor and lowering the competition flag.

If parents take part in the holiday together with their children, the award can be not only for success in individual competitions, but also for the victory of the family team. Awarding of winners can be commemorative pennants or medals, sweet prizes. It is also desirable to note the children who actively participated in the preparation and holding of a sports holiday.

The successful holding of the holiday is the result of joint work on the physical education of preschoolers by the entire teaching staff of the kindergarten: the head, methodologist, physical education instructor, music director and group educators who were directly involved in this.

Physical entertainment. In each age group, physical education activities are held with preschoolers two to three times a month, which are planned in the afternoon indoors or on the site (depending on the time of year and weather conditions). The content of physical entertainment is made up of outdoor games, exercises and games of a sports nature, exercises on physical training simulators.

Planning of sports entertainment is carried out by the educator in accordance with the motor fitness of children, the availability of sports equipment and equipment. The main goal of the educator during physical education activities is to create a joyful mood in children, improve their motor skills and abilities in a relaxed game environment, and involve preschoolers in the systematic implementation of physical exercises. At the same time, children behave more freely than during physical education, and this looseness allows them to move without unnecessary tension, to discover creativity in motor activity.

In the younger and middle groups, outdoor games or game tasks are planned that evoke an emotional mood in children: who will more accurately roll the ball into the goal, run to the cube and put it in the basket. A significant place here is occupied by outdoor games of a plot nature, in which the whole group takes part.

In older groups, children are offered a competition for the best performance of physical exercises. For example, to clearly climb a gymnastic wall or a ladder in a different way, to hit the target with a ball, who jumps longer with a rope, etc. The entertainment content includes game attractions, as well as competitions between teams in sports games (football, basketball, hockey). The duration of physical education activities depends on the age of the children and is 30-50 minutes.

Approximate plan for physical education on the site (senior group):

1. The game "Forbidden movement" (repeat 4-5 times).

2. The game "Whose team will gather faster?" (repeat 3-4 times).

3. Attraction - "Who will collect more skittles blindfolded" (duration 10-12 minutes).

4. The game "Ball to the captain" (repeat 3-4 times).

5. The game "Find and keep silent" (repeat 3 times).

Physical entertainment does not require special training. They are mainly based on exercises and games previously studied by children. However, this does not exclude learning new outdoor games with simple rules and plot. In older groups, new relay games can be widely used at a time

entertainment.

The teacher actively participates in the conduct of physical education activities. He organizes the game, is a judge of the competition, gives commands to the beginning and end of the game; makes a remark to children who break the rules, sums up the entertainment.

Pedestrian crossings. Walks outside the kindergarten into nature (pedestrian crossings) are carried out in the first half of the day. Their goal is to improve motor skills and the complex development of motor qualities in natural conditions (park, forest, shore of a reservoir), teaching children to navigate the terrain. Motor activity in combination with fresh air, the sun increases the protective reactions of the body of preschoolers, hardens them. The surrounding nature, diverse impressions enrich knowledge, bring up the aesthetic feelings of children.

During pedestrian crossings, they should be used to instill discipline and familiarize yourself with the rules for pedestrians on the street, as well as to solve educational tasks: familiarity with the architecture of houses, the types of trees next to which children pass, and the like.

Dosing walks depends on the age, composition and preparedness of the children. It varies depending on the time of year, weather, content of walks. The distance of both walking and ski crossings gradually increases throughout the year from one age group to another. The length of the one-way path should not exceed 1.5 km for children 4-5 years old, and up to 2 km for older preschoolers. After every 15 minutes of walking, short stops (4-5 minutes) should be made for children to rest.

The teacher prepares in advance for the pedestrian crossing, develops its plan and route, provides for outdoor activities (performing basic movements, games), prepares the necessary equipment (balls, ropes, etc.). The choice of the route and the speed of movement of the group depend on the physical fitness of the children. It is also important to determine in what clothes and shoes it is more appropriate for children to go on this walk.

While moving along the route, children can walk freely, in a flock, because walking in pairs hinders freedom of movement and causes negative emotions. Building in pairs is justified only when crossing the road along which the transport is moving, and at the time when the group is walking along the pedestrian sidewalk.

At any time of the year, one should use the terrain and natural conditions in an interesting and varied way to perform movements. In a forest or park, children are offered walking and running between trees, stepping over branches, stumps, a groove; crawling under low-hanging branches of trees or shrubs; deep jumps from stumps, bouncing with getting branches of trees, bushes; throwing cones, chestnuts at a target (tree, stump) or at a distance.

In the meadow: walking and running on the grass with high hips; jumping over bumps or low bushes; walking barefoot on the grass, etc.

On the shore of a reservoir (river, lake, sea): walking and running on sand, pebbles; walking, stepping footprints, throwing stones into the water, long and high jumps from a place on the sand.

In all age groups, outdoor games and game tasks should be carried out. In older groups, it justifies itself to hold games that are united by a single plot: "Hunters", "Travelers", "Pathfinders", etc.

In winter, walks for older preschoolers are planned using skis and sleds. Children can walk to a place where there are mountains from which they can ride and play outdoor games.

Regular pedestrian crossings can significantly increase the motor mode of preschoolers on this day, improve motor fitness and give children aesthetic pleasure from communicating with nature.

Vacation. Twice a year (at the beginning of January and at the end of March) holidays are held for one week. They aim to provide active recreation for children, promote their recovery and strengthen the body in unity with the emotionally positive state of the psyche of preschoolers. During the holidays, classes related to the mental activity of children are canceled. Along with this, all organizational forms of physical education (morning exercises, daily physical education, etc.) are widely used, and the time spent by children in the fresh air is significantly increased.

In winter, during walks in regions where there is snow, children go sledding, skiing, and skating. In the spring outdoor games, exercises and games of a sports nature are held. If the weather is favorable, it is possible to carry out a pedestrian crossing outside the kindergarten. The organization of health-improving physical culture and mass work during the holidays requires the educator to think over and plan for this period all the main forms of physical education of children in their group.

Every day of vacation should be interesting. To this end, it is necessary to improve the forms and methods of health-improving work throughout the day. The caregiver can plan a "Play Day" or "Health Day". For example, on the "Day of Games" a complex form of children's play activities is carried out. Mobile, plot-role-playing games that are diverse in direction, tasks and form are selected.

For children of older groups, it is interesting to hold the “Tourist Day”. On this day, immediately after breakfast, the children go on a hike outside the kindergarten or take part in an interesting excursion.

Effective holidays depends on a clear planning of work on physical education during the holidays and the creative approach of the educator to the content of sports and recreational activities for each day.

Home physical education assignment. The task of physical culture to be performed at home is determined by the teacher based on the requirements to create an optimal motor regimen for the child at home. These tasks include: mandatory morning exercises, especially on weekends and holidays; performing physical exercises under the supervision of parents and with them during walks.

To implement the general tasks of physical education in kindergarten and the family, the teacher conducts group consultations for parents, during which you can learn morning exercises with them, show and talk about teaching children to ski, skate, bike during joint walks.

Regular homework in physical education makes it possible to form in children a strong need for daily physical exercises in their daily lives.

Planning and accounting of work on physical education

in a preschool

Basic requirements for the planning of educational material on physical culture

Planning and accounting of work is an indispensable condition for the high efficiency of the process of physical education in a preschool institution.

Planning helps the educator to clearly define the perspective of work, form general and specific educational tasks, gives a purposeful direction to all work in physical education in accordance with the age of the children, the material base, climatic and other conditions of the preschool institution.

In a preschool institution, the following are planned: tasks, means, organization and methods of teaching and educational work in physical culture. The basis for planning is the program material for each age group. It is carried out in a certain sequence. First, the teacher thoroughly studies the physical education program and the main tasks of the physical education of children in their group. When distributing educational material for a month or a quarter, they must take into account the conditions in which classes will be held (climatic, availability of appropriate inventory and equipment, etc.).

After that, the material provided for by the program is distributed among the systems of classes. The concept of "system of classes" is revealed as a series of consecutive lessons that ensure the assimilation of the unity of solving educational problems for a given period of study. At the same time, the system of classes is not an alternation of different types of classes, but the correct implementation of the process of teaching physical exercises, based on the implementation of the principles of didactics. When distributing the means of physical education (general developmental exercises, basic movements, exercises of a sports nature, outdoor games) according to the systems of classes, the advantage is given to those that have the best healing effect and a versatile effect on children.

The final stage of planning is the preparation of an operational plan for one or two days, which includes a plan-outline of physical education classes with the definition of specific educational tasks, as well as a list of outdoor games and exercises that are planned by the teacher to be carried out with children during walks.

A new interactive educational program "ROUND THE WORLD TRIP" offers a summer kindergarten for preschoolers of different ages with short-term and round-the-clock stays. In addition to exciting thematic programs, children are expected to have a balanced diet, active pastime in the fresh air, and afternoon naps. During the three summer shifts, an intensive entertainment and educational program "Around the World Journey" will be held. There are 12 exciting imaginary journeys to choose from around the world.

Brief description of the summer kindergarten program

The opportunity to send a child for one or more shifts to a private kindergarten in the summer is an ideal solution for organizing his leisure, development and recovery. Compared to staying at home, this is a much more enjoyable and rewarding way to keep a preschooler busy. The kindergarten provides professional care, regular healthy meals and fun activities.

Our advantages

One of the best playgrounds for kids in Moscow is offered by a summer kindergarten with the Round the World Tour program. All conditions have been created for children so that they can feel complete immersion in the cultural atmosphere of a corner of the world unfamiliar to them. They will get acquainted with the traditions of different countries, try their national cuisine, learn their history and customs.

Three summer months are devoted to countries:

Toddlers will be introduced to the languages ​​of different peoples, they will master the ability to say a greeting phrase, get to know each other, ask a question or say goodbye in different languages. Summer Kindergarten 2019 will be fun and bright, children will learn unusual national games, they will be able to have fun and be naughty, while replenishing their own knowledge base without effort and cramming. During classes, walks and during games, they will talk about nature, animals and birds, plants, seas, rivers and oceans from different countries.

Vacation! How to make them unforgettable?

To make children's leisure truly interesting and useful - this is what summer kindergarten specialists strive for. Toddlers want to run, splash in the water, catch butterflies or watch cartoons, and not do something “useful”. A comprehensive summer program is designed in such a way as to not only entertain, but also captivate the child. Turning a visit to kindergarten in the summer into an unusual adventure is offered by the "Travel Around the World".

The program is designed to maximize the potential of each participant, to provide opportunities for self-development. At this age, freedom of self-realization is very important and experienced specialists will give everyone a chance to assert themselves and show their best sides. Our summer kindergarten for children will help you find new friends, acquire useful skills and will be remembered for a long time by the warm and homely atmosphere.

What do summer groups in kindergarten give:

organization of leisure and safety of the child during the holidays;

vivid impressions, new knowledge and skills;

independent discoveries (under the supervision of adults);

creative development and self-knowledge.

On the summer shifts under the program "Around the World", children of different ages, boys and girls, toddlers and preschoolers, who are preparing to enter the first grade soon, are expected. For the milestones, programs of different levels of complexity, intensity and saturation have been prepared. This is the best summer kindergarten in the SWAO according to the results of the analysis of past years. Health-improving, entertaining and developing classes are organized for the children, food is provided. Most dream of repeating their trip next year.

Game pedagogy in kindergarten

The World Tour program will work in three shifts. Each shift is a separate thematic journey. Children will love this kindergarten, where the summer will turn into an exciting daily adventure. The program is based on the methodology of game pedagogy. In such conditions, the child feels liberated, he is expected to:

social games;

sports and creative competitions;

intellectual quests;

soft integration into the team and the game space.

Not all children are equally sociable, but the specialists of a private kindergarten know how to gently introduce any child into a social circle. The group creates a comfortable environment for improving the child's personality. Teachers set themselves the task of giving the child new knowledge, skills and abilities through active leisure activities.

Characteristics of the program "Round the World"

Preschool education is a very busy and active time for a child. The tasks of the program offered by the summer kindergarten include:

mastering the basics of history and geography of different countries of the world, familiarization with natural history and cultural studies;

development and enrichment of the spiritual and moral perception of the child;

expanding horizons, acquiring creative skills;

the formation of a child's idea of ​​​​a healthy and safe lifestyle.

The educational part of the program sets tasks for the social adaptation of the child, self-realization and prevention of negative behavioral traits. Teachers form positive moral qualities and reinforce their manifestations in children.

As a result of visiting the summer kindergarten, it is expected:

acquaintance with a new interesting world, broadening one's horizons, developing the desire for self-development;

strengthening physical health, instilling healthy lifestyle skills;

gaining experience of communication in a new team;

effective rest after the school year and strengthening of psychological health;

realization of talents and creative potential;

obtaining knowledge about practical experimentation and research of the world around;

disclosure of the potential of cognitive activity of preschoolers.

The thematic plan of stay in kindergarten includes the study of:

history, nature and geography of a particular country (1 day);

information about the capital, sights, cultural sites (day 2);

traditions, holidays, culture and cuisine (3rd day);

flora and fauna (4 days);

Summing up - exchange of impressions and results of the study (Day 5).

Classes are held in the form of workshops, camping trips, as well as outdoor games. Meals in the kindergarten are five times a day, after lunch - a day's rest.

The offer is valid for kindergartens:

This academic year, the year of the 22nd Winter Olympics, we will all make friends with physical culture and sports like never before!

The largest teacher and pediatrician E.A. Arkin in the book "Preschool Age" emphasized that the physical culture of a preschooler consists not only in performing muscle exercises, mastering hygiene skills and promoting health. He believed that physical education in preschool age is "a culture of feelings, attention, will, beauty, culture of the whole character."

And of course, all these qualities are best developed through the active recreation of preschoolers, as one of the forms of organizing the motor activity of preschoolers. What associations do you have regarding active recreation for preschoolers?

This is something sunny! Because it's summer. How much joy, light and pleasure brings active rest! Everything is in it: meetings, and handshakes of friends, and wishes to each other. And also - enthusiasm, competitive spirit, success and defeat, interesting games and exciting rides!

Active recreation is a cultural and leisure activity that relieves fatigue and stress, restores both the physical and emotional resources of the child.

The specificity of active recreation is to create an environment that encourages the creative use of existing motor skills in the process of gaming communication with peers and adults.

• age features,

• health status, physical fitness of children;
• the content of the physical culture program and the volume of the educational material covered;
• time of year, weather and climatic conditions;

Forms of organizing active recreation

Physical culture holidays;

Physical culture leisure;

health days;

health weeks;

Pre-school tourism (walks - hikes, excursions, travel, classes in circles);

Small forms of active recreation (physical education minutes, physical culture breaks)

The basis of all activities is the motor activity of children. Their main goal is to satisfy the natural biological need for movement.

Terms:

• activation of each participant;
• wide use of different game techniques, game exercises, riddles, musical works;

The theme determines the content of the event, humor, musical arrangement, games, competitions, a joyful atmosphere contribute to the activation of motor activity.

They select exercises mastered by children in the process of educational activities. They can be updated by introducing unexpected conditions, unusual benefits and ways of organizing. Methods of control and regulation of the load are widely used.

• ensure high physical activity of children.

Tasks:

The results of experimental studies by G. Lenert and I. Lachman show that various types of outdoor activities provide the restoration of a number of physiological functions, as well as the prevention of neurotic conditions associated with overstrain.

It should be noted that active recreation, which organically combines different types of activities (motor, play, cognitive, labor, communication), contributes both to the improvement and enrichment of the general cultural development of the child.

Active recreation, built on the predominant use of gaming exercises and outdoor games, is an effective means of generating interest in physical activity.

1. Develop basic physical qualities: endurance, attention, courage, perseverance, organization.
2. Cultivate a sense of teamwork, friendship.

Active recreation, which provides for collective motor actions, opens up great opportunities for the formation of children's social behavior, since it provides a high degree of their interaction.

Physical culture and holidays

- the most effective forms of active recreation for preschoolers.

The main differences between physical culture leisure and a holiday:

Phys. leisure is held 1-2 times a month, a holiday - 1-2 times a year;

Phys. leisure is intended for 1-2 groups of kindergarten, a holiday - for children of all doshas. institutions (for other gardens -2 or more);

Duration of leisure - the duration of the GCD, the holiday - 1 hour (no more than - 90 minutes);

Leisure is spent in a normal setting, indoors or on a site, with the usual attributes, a holiday - in the air: on a site, at a stadium, in a forest clearing, in a park;

Recently sports days for children of preschool age and small Olympic Games have become widespread. An analysis of observations showed that it is not always advisable to get involved in holding such mass events with preschoolers, because. negatively affects the health of children, overworking of the child's nervous system, which has not yet become stronger, sets in.

The structure of the holiday is as follows:

• the opening begins with the exit of the participants to the site,
• then formation, raising the flag,
• further - the parade of participants.
• After the solemn part - demonstration performances, consisting of general developmental exercises with various rearrangements and objects.
• Games with elements of competition, relay races, various types of sports exercises and sports games bring great revival.
• Maintaining interest, creating a festive mood is facilitated by the inclusion of a “surprise moment” in the content.
• In conclusion, the results are summarized. Children are rewarded, a general round dance or dance, a parade of participants.

health days, health week

The daily routine is saturated with active physical activity of children, independent games, musical entertainment. In the cold season, stay outdoors is extended as much as possible. In the warm season - the whole life of children is transferred to the open air.

Health Day begins with a morning reception of children, which can be held in an entertaining, comic form. Children and parents are offered to complete various fun tasks before they get into the group: it can be an “obstacle course”, riddles about sports, and so on.

Parents, kindergarten workers are invited to morning exercises.

The further program of the first half of the health day is different for each group. It includes the simplest tourist trips, outdoor games and exercises, competitions, contests, and so on. It is expedient to coincide with this introduction of new physical education aids, motor toys. Colorful, unusual design of the territory of the kindergarten, group areas helps to lift the mood, increase the activity of children in games.

In the afternoon, a sports holiday or sports leisure can be held.

During the holidays, optimal conditions are created for the daily, independent motor and artistic activities of children, hiking and other physical activities are held.

The purpose of the Health Day, Health Week is to prevent the nervous system, improve the body and maintain a positive emotional state of the child's psyche.

Health Day is held from the second junior group.

Conducted at least once a quarter.

On this day, his stay in the air, in nature is provided. On this day, there are no educational forms of work with children that require intellectual effort. Children play interesting, favorite games, listen to music, sing, engage in creative activities, work activities, have fun communicating with each other. A festive, joyful atmosphere reigns in groups, the teacher tries to prevent conflicts, ensures calm communication of children with each other.

Health week (holidays)

The next form of active recreation is a vacation or health week, as it is now commonly called.

A week of health in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard can be held as part of a thematic week.

They are held 2-3 times a year: in early January, in summer (the third time may be at the end of March).

The organization of vacations requires careful preparation of the teacher, thoughtfulness and a creative atmosphere.

Preschool tourism

We somehow still quite uncertainly introduce this form of active recreation into pedagogical activity for various reasons: mainly because of safety, complexity in the organization.

Interestingly thought out motor activity of children in natural conditions develops preschoolers' interest in tourism and physical culture, increases motivation for a healthy lifestyle.

Types of preschool tourism:

• tourist walk
• tourist excursion
• tourist trip.

Under tourist walk is understood as a short-term group exit with an active way of moving around the territory of a kindergarten or microdistrict for the purpose of relaxation and learning.

Tourist excursion is considered as a group visit to one or more excursion objects for educational and educational purposes.

tourist trip- this is the passage of a group along a certain route in an active way of learning, physical development, performing socially useful and local history work on the way, certain sports and tourism standards, meaningful recreation.

Before you go hiking with your children, you need to introduce them to this exciting sport. Through a series of educational activities, children should learn who tourists are, why people go in for tourism, what you need to know and be able to become a tourist. In practical classes, children master the skills to properly pack a backpack, use a compass and a route map.

The most acceptable are educational and training trips.

• physical exercises with the maximum use of the natural and social environment, aimed at developing physical qualities, coordination abilities, rational overcoming of natural obstacles and mastering the technique of walking and skiing;
• special motor tasks for the development of spatial orientations;
• outdoor games with search situations indoors and on the ground;

Campaigns are carried out regularly, starting from the 2nd junior group, taking into account the age characteristics and capabilities of the child in this group, his state of health, individual indicators and doctor's recommendations. The educator carefully prepares for the trips, plans them in a calendar plan. Schoolchildren, older brothers and sisters, outstanding athletes and other interesting people are often invited.

Approximate structure of a walk-hike:

• collection and movement to the first halt (15-35 min);
• stop, halt, natural history activity (10-20 min);
• a set of games and exercises (25-30 minutes);
• independent activity of children (15-20 minutes);
• collection of pupils and return to kindergarten (15-20 min).

When conducting walks - trips with children, educators observe certain safety rules:

• the upcoming route is carefully studied and approved by the head of the preschool educational institution;
• the content of the event is clearly planned and appropriate equipment is selected (individual backpacks, fresh drinking water, disposable cups according to the number of children, attributes for organizing sports, didactic games, independent activities of preschoolers;
• it is obligatory to have a first-aid kit, each adult accompanying a group of children must know its contents well and be able to use it;
• clothes and shoes of the participants of the walk-hike should correspond to the season and weather conditions.

Walks - hikes are organized in the first half of the day due to the time allotted for a morning walk and physical education activities in the air.

Small forms of active recreation for preschoolers.

These include physical culture minutes (FM), physical culture pauses (FP) and physical culture mini-pauses (FMP).

Physical exercises are physical exercises aimed at restoring the working capacity of children. Often, teachers conduct complexes of physical education minutes. Such complexes consist of 3-5 exercises and last no more than 1.5-3 minutes.

Physical culture breaks differ from physical minutes primarily in duration and are held for 6-10 minutes (6-8 exercises). But their main difference lies in the fact that during physical education sessions more specific tasks are solved (relieving fatigue from the muscles of the back, neck, arms, etc.). During physical culture pauses (they are also called dynamic pauses), in addition to achieving the same goals, some reduction in mental fatigue is provided. Physical culture breaks can be carried out in the form of a complex of general developmental exercises, dance-rhythmic gymnastics

or rhythmic dance.

Physical culture mini-pauses are the shortest form of active rest and are performed within 20-30 seconds (up to 1 minute). Most often, physical culture mini-pauses pass without much movement. These can be head movements, shaking movements of arms and legs, tilts, breathing exercises, gymnastics for the eyes.

All exercises of small forms of active recreation can be divided according to their direction and effect on the body:

• a group of exercises of general impact, contributing to the activation of various systems (nervous, muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory) of the child's body;
• sets of exercises used for fatigue of the shoulder girdle, neck, arms;
• a group of exercises aimed at restoring the performance of the hands and fingers;
• a group of exercises used for eye fatigue;
• a group of exercises that increase the excitability of the nervous system or a mobilizing character (used for monotonous work);
• a group of exercises aimed at activating attention, contributing to switching from one activity to another;
• sets of exercises that contribute to the formation and strengthening of posture;
• exercises aimed at relaxing muscles, and breathing (used for intense mental and physical work)

Work practice shows that a positive result ensures close contact with medical personnel and family.

The family largely determines the attitude of children to physical culture, their interest in sports. Therefore, it is important to work in close cooperation with parents.

The effectiveness of this work is evident:

During outdoor activities, children get the opportunity to show independence and initiative; conditions for emotional and psychological well-being are created.